sodium-hypochlorite and Wounds--Penetrating

Maceration techniques employed in forensics must be effective without compromising the bone's integrity and morphology, and prevent destruction of evidence. Techniques must also be fast, safe, easily obtainable and inexpensive; not all techniques currently employed are appropriate for forensic use. To evaluate the most suitable approach, seven techniques including current and new methodologies were applied to fresh, fleshed porcine ribs exhibiting cut marks. A sample size of 30 specimens per technique was examined under scanning electron microscopy at the cut mark and the surrounding uncompromised regions; a scoring system of effectiveness was applied. The previously unpublished microwave method fared best for bone and cut mark preservation. Sodium hypochlorite destroyed cut marks, and was deemed unsuitable for forensic analysis. No single technique fulfilled all criteria; however, this study provides a benchmark for forensic anthropologists to select the most appropriate method for their situation, while maintaining the high standards required by forensic science.

Topics: Animals; Diptera; Feeding Behavior; Forensic Anthropology; Forensic Pathology; Hot Temperature; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Models, Animal; Pancreatin; Ribs; Sodium Hypochlorite; Specimen Handling; Swine; Wounds, Penetrating

The pulp chamber is inevitably exposed to irrigants during endodontic therapy. This study aimed to investigate whether different irrigation regimens would alter the sealing ability of repaired furcal perforations.. Pulp chambers of 90 extracted human molars were accessed, after which standardized diamond bur-cut perforations were created in the center of the pulp chamber floor. The canal orifices and the apical end of roots were sealed with acid-etch composite resin. Eighty teeth were randomly divided into 2 groups (n = 40/group) according to the material used for repairing the perforation defects: (1) Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), (2) Super-EBA. The remaining teeth (n = 10) served as controls. The specimens were further subgrouped according to the irrigation regimens applied over the repair site (n = 10/group): (a) 5.25% NaOCl, (b) 5.25% NaOCl + EDTA, (c) 5.25% NaOCl + MTAD, and (d) No irrigation. Coronal leakage was measured by the fluid-filtration method at 1 day and 1 week.. Fluid conductance was not affected by the type of repair material (P = .964) or time (P = .726), but was affected significantly by the irrigation regimens in the following ranking: (P < .001): NaOCl < or = No Irrigation < NaOCl + MTAD < or = NaOCl + EDTA.. The sealing ability of furcal perforations repaired with MTA or Super-EBA were differentially affected by exposure to the tested irrigation regimens.

Topics: Aluminum Compounds; Calcium Compounds; Citric Acid; Dental Leakage; Dentin-Bonding Agents; Doxycycline; Drug Combinations; Edetic Acid; Humans; Materials Testing; Molar; Oxides; Polysorbates; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Irrigants; Silicates; Sodium Hypochlorite; Tooth Demineralization; Tooth Root; Wound Healing; Wounds, Penetrating