sodium-hypochlorite and Stomatitis--Denture

Treatment of oral candidosis with topical antifungal agents such as nystatin and amphotericin B is effective initially. However, medication can produce side effects in some patients and when therapy is stopped the condition can recur. Alternative treatment involving the use of antiseptics and disinfecting agents has been shown to play an important role in the control of dental plaque. The use of sodium hypochlorite as an overnight denture soak has been shown to eliminate denture plaque and recent investigations have demonstrated that microwave irradiation of dentures at a specified setting and exposure time is bactericidal and candidacidal.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Antifungal Agents; Candidiasis, Oral; Dental Disinfectants; Denture Cleansers; Denture Liners; Dentures; Humans; Microwaves; Mouthwashes; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stomatitis, Denture

Denture stomatitis affects complete denture wearers and is frequently treated with antifungals drugs, as well as treating the denture with sodium hypochlorite. Whether the limitations of these treatments can be overcome with local hygiene protocols that do not damage the denture materials or adversely affect the patient is unclear.. The purpose of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the effect of denture hygiene protocols on complete denture wearers with denture stomatitis.. For this randomized, double-blind controlled clinical trial, 108 participants were assigned to parallel groups: 0.25% sodium hypochlorite (positive control) 0.15% Triclosan, denture cleaning tablets, or denture cleaning tablets plus gingival cleaning tablets. The participants were instructed to brush the dentures and the palate and immerse the denture in the solutions. The outcomes of denture stomatitis remission, biofilm removal, decrease of microbial load (colony-forming units), and odor level of the mouth and denture were measured at baseline and after 10 days. Descriptive analyses were used for sociodemographic characterization of the participants; the Pearson chi-square test was used to compare participant frequency with different degrees of denture stomatitis. The data were not normally distributed (Shapiro-Wilks test) or homogeneous (Levene test). So, the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn post hoc tests and Wilcoxon test were used to compare the effects of solutions and time on the variables (α=.05).. The frequency of the highest to lowest denture stomatitis scores was significantly different for the 0.15% Triclosan and denture cleaning tablets groups. No significant difference was found among the groups in terms of denture stomatitis scores, biofilm, or colony-forming unit count of Candida spp. or C. albicans and S. mutans; a significant reduction was found in these parameters. The 0.25% sodium hypochlorite and 0.15% Triclosan treatments caused a significant reduction in Gram-negative microorganisms; these 2 protocols, and the denture cleaning tablets showed a significant reduction in Staphylococcus spp.; all protocols had similar effects. Only the S. mutans count of the palate decreased after 10 days. The odor level of the mouth and the denture was not significantly different (P=.778).. The evaluated protocols can be recommended for the hygiene of complete dentures, since they were effective for all the variables studied.

Topics: Biofilms; Candida albicans; Colony Count, Microbial; Denture Cleansers; Humans; Hygiene; Odorants; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stomatitis, Denture; Triclosan

Antifungals are used to treat Candida infections. However, because of increased antifungal resistance and the length of antifungal therapy, Candida spp. infections can be prevented using the prosthesis hygiene method. Therefore, establishing efficient, safe, and low-cost hygiene protocols for complete denture wearers is necessary.. The purpose of this clinical trial was to compare 10% Ricinus communis (RC10%) and 0.5% chloramine-T (CT0.5%) with negative (water) and positive (0.25% sodium hypochlorite [SH0.25%]) controls to establish a protocol to treat denture stomatitis (DS), remove denture biofilm, reduce overall microbiota, and decrease Candida spp. on the palate and denture bases.. This randomized, double blind, controlled clinical trial allocated 60 DS-positive participants in parallel groups: RC10%, CT0.5%, negative control, and SH0.25%. All participants brushed their palate and dentures and applied 1 of the solutions only to the denture. The following outcomes were assessed at baseline and after 7 and 37 days: Candida spp. counts, frequency of species by presumptive identification, DS severity, and photographic quantification of biofilm. The Kruskal-Wallis and Friedman tests with stepwise step-down post hoc test compared the anticandidal effect and the DS score (between groups and time). ANOVA and the Tukey post hoc test were used for biofilm removal comparison (α=.05).. Microbial counts were solution- and time-dependent for dentures, with C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata being the most prevalent species. RC10% presented similar results to baseline and control after 7 and 37 days. CT0.5% reduced the CFU/mL compared with the baseline. SH0.25% was the most effective. DS reduced in all groups, independent of the solution. SH0.25% reduced biofilm the most, followed by RC10%. CT0.5% was similar to the control.. SH0.25% demonstrated potential for Candida spp. control in denture wearers with DS. The other protocols showed intermediate activity and might be more suitable for longer immersion periods.

Topics: Biofilms; Candida; Candida albicans; Colony Count, Microbial; Disinfection; Humans; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stomatitis, Denture

The prevalence of complete edentulism remains high in the elderly, and previous data have shown that poor denture hygiene is common among patients with edentulism.. The purpose of this randomized crossover trial was to evaluate the efficacy of denture cleansers in terms of biofilm removal, antimicrobial action, and the remission of denture stomatitis.. SH1 (mean rank [MR]=1.98) and SH2 (MR=1.64) showed lower biofilm coverage than C (MR=3.73) that was similar to RC (MR=2.92). SH1 (MR=2.43) and SH2 (MR=2.10) showed antimicrobial action for Candida spp, and RC (MR=3.36) showed similar results to C (MR=3.51) and baseline (MR=3.50). Clinical signs of denture stomatitis were reduced by SH1 (MR=2.44), while SH2 (MR=2.56) and RC (MR=2.74) showed intermediate results.. The two sodium hypochlorite solutions were the most effective means of biofilm control. All tested solutions were effective in reducing the signs of denture stomatitis.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biofilms; Castor Oil; Cross-Over Studies; Denture Cleansers; Dentures; Disinfectants; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Ricinus; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stomatitis, Denture; Treatment Outcome

To test the efficacy of two methods of treatment for denture stomatitis in aged care institutions.. Candida-associated denture stomatitis has been associated with a lack of denture hygiene.. Sixty subjects with denture stomatitis were randomly divided into three groups: sodium hypochlorite denture soak, microwaving and control. Both methods of treatment were carried out on a nightly basis for 1 week, excepting the control group. Standardised photographs of the palate and microbial samples of palate, upper and lower dentures were taken before and after treatment.. Both hypochlorite and microwave irradiation significantly reduced the numbers of Candida and aerobic bacteria on both dentures and both methods significantly reduced Candida on the palate. However, palatal aerobic bacteria were not significantly reduced by either method and the controls showed insignificant changes at all three sites for both Candida and aerobes.. While both methods of denture disinfection were successful, except for the counts of palatal aerobic bacteria, three independent observers of the clinical photographs had difficulty in identifying the controls but were more successful with the treatments. The raters also showed that there was no difference between both methods of disinfection and this agreed with the microbiological analysis.

Topics: Aged; Candidiasis, Oral; Dental Disinfectants; Denture, Complete; Humans; Microwaves; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stomatitis, Denture

Candida adherence to the denture base is an important cause of denture stomatitis in elderly and handicapped patients where effective patient- and physician-based disinfection methods are required. The purpose of this study was to investigate the in vivo effectiveness of chemical and physicochemical methods and their combinations against common oral Candida species on denture base acrylic resin.. Patients were divided into six groups according to disinfection methods. For chemical disinfection, chlorhexidine, sodium hypochlorite, and glutaraldehyde were used by the patients. Microwave and ozone therapy were applied by physicians for physicochemical disinfection. Fungal load count was performed. This procedure was repeated before applying any disinfection procedures, at 1 week and 1 month after the patient started to use the relevant chemical disinfectant and apply physicochemical methods. A multivariate analysis test was used to determine the change in fungal load over time and whether this change led to a difference among the groups (P < .05).. The most frequently isolated Candida strain was Candida albicans. The change in fungal load over time was significantly different (P < .001). However, the difference between the groups did not show any significant difference in the paired comparison analyses of the chemical disinfection groups (P >.05). No Candida strains were detected in either physicochemical method at any of the control time points.. The study concluded that chemical disinfectants used by patients were effective for but total eradication of Candida adhesion requires the use of additional ozone or microwave therapy.

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Aged; Candida albicans; Denture Bases; Denture, Complete; Disinfection; Humans; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stomatitis, Denture

Preprosthetic interventions in patients with aggressive forms of inflammatory papillary hyperplasia have historically involved surgery. These procedures often involve significant postoperative discomfort and morbidity. Additionally, some patients who present with dental phobias, aversions to surgery, or underlying systemic disease may not be amenable to this type of surgical intervention. In this report, a patient with severe inflammatory papillary hyperplasia and phobias regarding the dentist and dental surgery was treated nonsurgically, following strict adherence to a clinical protocol. The methodology involved greater patient comfort during treatment, encouraged positive reinforcement to visiting the dentist for recall appointments, and effectively eliminated the underlying inflammatory papillary hyperplasia, allowing for the successful fabrication of the definitive removable prostheses.

Topics: Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Chlorhexidine; Denture Cleansers; Denture Design; Denture Rebasing; Denture, Complete, Upper; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hyperplasia; Middle Aged; Oral Hygiene; Palate; Patient Care Planning; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stomatitis, Denture

Microorganisms of the genus Candida have been recovered from complete dentures made of acrylic resin, with high numbers of colony forming units and species diversity, which can act as infectious agents causing chronic atrophic candidiasis (denture stomatitis).. The objective of this paper is present a treatment protocol for chronic atrophic candidiasis (denture stomatitis).. The work describes three cases of totally edentulous patients presenting palate stomatitis who were submitted for treatment associating denture rebasing with chemically-activated acrylic resin, night immersion in 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and use of topical antifungals for two weeks.. In all cases, remission of the inflammatory process occurred.. The proposed treatment protocol proved to be to be effective.

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Administration, Topical; Antifungal Agents; Clinical Protocols; Dental Disinfectants; Dental Materials; Denture Rebasing; Denture, Complete; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Methylmethacrylates; Middle Aged; Mouthwashes; Nystatin; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stomatitis, Denture

The adhesion of Candida albicans to surfaces is the prerequisite for occurrence of denture stomatitis, a common disease diagnosed among denture wearers. A routine of denture cleansing is essential to prevent biofilm formation and the onset of this infection. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of combining brushing and cleansing agents in killing C. albicans biofilm. Disks of acrylic resin were made, sterilized, and inoculated with C. albicans (10(7) cfu/mL). After incubation (37°C/48 h), specimens were randomly assigned to 10 experimental groups (n=9): 5 subjected to brushing with distilled water or cleansing agents - dentifrice slurry, 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX), 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and Polident fresh cleanse(®) (combined method) - and 4 exposed to the cleansing agents without brushing (immersion). Non-cleansed specimens were used as positive controls. The viability of cells was evaluated by XTT reduction method. Results were analyzed by Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α=0.05). The combined method was significantly more effective (p<0.0001) in reducing biofilm viability than the immersion. Brushing with CHX and NaOCl resulted in 100% removal of the biofilm. Immersion in the agents reduced significantly (p<0.0001) the biofilm viability, with CHX being the most effective (p<0.0001). The use of the combined method of brushing with cleansing agents is an effective method to reduce C. albicans biofilm, being CHX and NaOCl the most effective solutions.

Topics: Biofilms; Candida albicans; Candidiasis, Oral; Chlorhexidine; Dentifrices; Dentures; Humans; Microbial Viability; Sodium Hypochlorite; Statistics, Nonparametric; Stomatitis, Denture; Toothbrushing

This study evaluated the reduction of denture stomatitis and the antimicrobial activity of 0.05% sodium hypochlorite opposed to Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans (SGM) when associated with brushing complete dentures with coconut soap. The mucosal characteristics were evaluated according to Newton's classification at baseline, after cleansing the dentures with coconut soap for 15 days in group 1 (nine patients). In the other group (19 patients) the analysis were made before and after cleansing the dentures with coconut soap and with disinfection in a soak solution of 0.05% sodium hypochlorite for 10 min during 15 days. Microbiological tests were used to isolate C. albicans and SGM. Mann-Whitney and Wilcoxon tests were used to compare the mucosal characteristics and Fisher test and McNemar test to compare C. albicans and SGM levels. Statistical analysis at the 95% confidence level (P < 0.05) showed that: (i) the association of coconut soap and 0.05% sodium hypochlorite significantly reduced clinical signs of denture stomatitis, (ii) C. albicans did not reduce in counts, (iii) SGM were reduced but not significantly and (iv) the association of coconut soap and 0.5% sodium hypochlorite was effective in controlling denture biofilm.

Topics: Aged; Anti-Infective Agents; Candida albicans; Cocos; Colony Count, Microbial; Denture Cleansers; Disinfection; Humans; Middle Aged; Soaps; Sodium Hypochlorite; Stomatitis, Denture; Streptococcus mutans