sodium-hypochlorite and Poultry-Diseases

The susceptibility testing of disinfectants against Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli strains from broilers and pigs was investigated. The filtration method European standard EN 1040 was adapted to Campylobacter cultures and validated with reference strains. Two disinfectants were tested: 1% benzalkonium chloride active matter, as quaternary ammonium compound, and 0.63% sodium hypochlorite as chlorine-releasing agent. Both disinfectants were effective against the 34 Campylobacter strains tested after 5 min exposure under in vitro conditions. No link between resistance to disinfectants and antibiotics could be observed.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Benzalkonium Compounds; Campylobacter coli; Campylobacter Infections; Campylobacter jejuni; Cells, Cultured; Chickens; Disinfectants; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Filtration; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Poultry Diseases; Sodium Hypochlorite; Swine; Swine Diseases

Oocysts were recovered from chickens experimentally infected with the Mukteswar strain of Newcastle disease virus and Eimeria acervulina or E tenella. Oocysts sterilised by sodium hypochlorite solution were washed, ruptured and inoculated into embryonating eggs which were examined after five days by the haemagglutination test for virus. All these tests were negative. Virus, initially detected with oocysts separated from faeces, was no longer present after sporulation in 2 per cent potassium bichromate. The B1 strain of virus survived for up to 30 hours in 2 per cent sodium hydroxide and 2 per cent potassium bichromate but was quickly destroyed by sodium hypochlorite (specific gravity 1.075).

Topics: Animals; Chick Embryo; Chickens; Coccidia; Coccidiosis; Newcastle Disease; Newcastle disease virus; Poultry Diseases; Sodium Hypochlorite

Two separate experiments were carried out with 480 Shaver broiler chicks (240 of each sex) in each, to determine the effects on mortality and biological performance of administering sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) via the drinking water. The chicks were housed separately (by sex) in Petersime batteries and each experiment began when the chicks were 1 day old and ended when they were 28 days of age. Sodium hypochlorite was added to the drinking water to achieve the following treatment levels (ppm) of available chlorine: 0, 300, 600, and 1200 (experiment 1); 0, 37.5, 75.0, and 150 (experiment 2). Administration of 1,200 ppm available chlorine significantly increased mortality, lowered feed efficiency, reduced water consumption, and lowered heart, liver, kidney, and testes weights. Administration of 300 ppm or more resulted in significantly lower mean body weights. There was some indication of a growth stimulus and improved feed efficiency at the lower concentrations (37.5 to 150 ppm) of sodium hypochlorite administration, but none of the responses was statistically significant. Overall, a significant effect on biological performance or practical benefit was not achieved from administering sodium hypochlorite to broiler chicks.

Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Body Weight; Chickens; Female; Male; Organ Size; Poultry Diseases; Sex Factors; Sodium Hypochlorite

Topics: Animals; Arachnid Vectors; Chickens; Dust; Female; Mites; Poultry Diseases; Salmonella; Salmonella Infections, Animal; Sodium Hypochlorite; Species Specificity