sodium-houttuyfonate and Disease-Models--Animal

Topics: Animals; Candida albicans; Colitis; Colitis, Ulcerative; Colon; Dextran Sulfate; Disease Models, Animal; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Houttuynia; Humans; Mice; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S

Our research is designed to explore the function of sodium houttuyfonate (SH) on Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its potential molecular mechanisms.

Topics: Alkanes; Alzheimer Disease; Amyloid beta-Peptides; Animals; Apoptosis; Brain; Cell Survival; Disease Models, Animal; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; In Vitro Techniques; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Neurons; NLR Family, Pyrin Domain-Containing 3 Protein; PC12 Cells; Peptide Fragments; Phosphate-Binding Proteins; Rats; RNA, Messenger; Sulfites

Sodium houttuyfonate (SH) has been indicated to play an important anti‑inflammatory role. Previous studies have confirmed that SH can inhibit the NF‑κB pathway in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)‑induced mastitis in bovine mammary epithelial cells. However, the effects of SH on LPS‑induced mastitis in animals should be verified to further evaluate its actual value. In the present study, the anti‑inflammatory effects of SH were investigated in mouse models and a mouse mammary epithelial cell line. Hematoxylin and eosin staining (H&E) showed that SH therapy significantly alleviated the pathological changes in mammary glands. Myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity analysis demonstrated that SH substantially decreased MPO activity in vivo. RT‑qPCR results showed that SH reduced the expression of interleukin (IL)‑1, IL‑6 and tumor necrosis factor α both in vivo and in vitro. In addition, western blot results indicated that SH suppressed the phosphorylation of nuclear factor kappa‑light‑chain‑enhancer of activated B‑cells (NF‑κB) p65 protein and reduced the degradation of inhibitor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B‑cells alpha protein in vivo and in vitro. These results demonstrated that SH ameliorates LPS‑induced mastitis by inhibiting the NF‑κB pathway.

Topics: Alkanes; Animals; Cattle; Disease Models, Animal; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Humans; Inflammation; Lipopolysaccharides; Mammary Glands, Animal; Mastitis; Mice; NF-kappa B; Signal Transduction; Sulfites; Transcription Factor RelA; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Houttuynia cordata Thunb. (H. cordata) is an anti-inflammatory herbal drug that is clinically used in Asia. The essential oil obtained from H. cordata is known to contain 2-undecanone (2-methyl nonyl ketone). In addition, sodium houttuyfonate is a compound that can be derived from H. cordata and has important clinical uses as an anti-inflammatory agent. Sodium houttuyfonate can be converted to decanoyl acetaldehyde (houttuynin) and then to 2-undecanone. Therefore, the experiments described here explore the comparative anti-inflammatory activities of these compounds. Sodium houttuyfonate showed more potent anti-inflammatory activities than that of 2-undecanone at the same dosage, both in vitro and in vivo, although both compounds significantly inhibited the production of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), but increased the secretion of interleukin-10 (IL-10) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. In addition, both compounds showed dose-dependent inhibitory effects on xylene-induced mouse ear edema. In a previous study, we found sodium houttuyfonate to be transformed to 2-undecanone during steam distillation (SD). Optimum therapeutic effects are related to the stability and pharmacological activity of the drugs. Consequently, we studied the stability of sodium houttuyfonate under a simulated gastrointestinal environment with the main influencing factors being solvent, temperature and pH effects. For the first time, sodium houttuyfonate and 2-undecanone were detected simultaneously in the mouse serum and the gastrointestinal tissue after oral administration. Sodium houttuyfonate is detected within a short period of time in the systemic circulation and tissues without conversion to 2-undecanone.

Topics: Alkanes; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Cytokines; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Stability; Edema; Gene Expression; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketones; Lipopolysaccharides; Macrophages; Male; Mice; Sulfites; Toll-Like Receptor 4