sodium-ethylxanthate and Genital-Diseases--Female

Owing both to the changing behavior of our society and to the growing awareness of the medical community, sexually transmitted diseases have become more common or more complex over the past 10 years. This article discusses the presentation and management of sexually transmitted disease emergencies and other sexually transmitted disease syndromes with which the emergency room physician is frequently confronted.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Candidiasis; Emergencies; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Sex; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Uterine Cervicitis; Vaginitis

Topics: Female; Fertility; Genital Diseases, Female; Greek World; Gynecology; History, Ancient; Humans; Infertility; Male; Manuscripts, Medical as Topic; Materia Medica; Sex

A variety of operations for stress incontinence or genital descensus are performed in gynecological department. The purpose of this study was to find out whether these operations influenced the patients' sexual life. In a prospective study of 55 women, all sexually active prior to the operation, various characteristics were evaluated by interview and gynaecological examination, immediately before and 6 months after the operation. We had adviced early resumption of sexual intercourse. Postoperatively, 13 of 55 (24%) patients experienced improvement in their sexual life, 37 of 55 (67%) no change, and 5 of 55 (9%) experienced a deterioration. Improvement often resulted from cessation of urinary incontinence. Deterioration was in all 5 cases due to dyspareunia and all 5 patients underwent a posterior colporrhaphy as part of the operation. We conclude that provided the patients are well-informed the prognosis for sexual life after these operations is good. However, colpoperineoplasty in combination with anterior colporrhaphy might cause dyspareunia in some patients.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Prospective Studies; Sex; Urinary Incontinence, Stress

A case-control study of 418 women with invasive squamous cell cervical cancer and 704 population controls enabled evaluation of risk factors for this relatively rare cancer. Consistent with an infectious etiology was a pronounced effect of multiple sexual partners, with those reporting 10 or more partners being at a significant threefold excess risk. Early first intercourse also was associated with some residual effect on risk, although the relationship was not linear, nor the explanation readily apparent. Those with multiple births were at significantly elevated risks, even after adjustment for sexual parameters. Menstrual and hygiene factors, including use of tampons, vaginal deodorants, and douching products, were not consistently related to risk. Histories of specific infections involving the genital tract were poor predictors of risk, since few women provided positive responses, but those with nonspecific diseases were at a significant twofold excess risk.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Demography; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Infections; Middle Aged; Parity; Risk; Sex; United States; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

In a study of 225 women with acute salpingitis verified by laparoscopy or laparotomy we investigated the prevalence of gonococcal and chlamydial infection in the lower genital tract. Neisseria gonorrhoeae was isolated from 18.9% of the women and Chlamydia trachomatis from 38.5%. Women with positive cultures were significantly younger (p less than 0.01) than those with negative cultures. A trend toward more severe inflammatory changes of the tubes was found in women with positive cultures compared with those with negative cultures. The majority of women with positive cultures stated they had only one sexual partner during the preceding 6 months. Single women had more partners (mean 1.9) than those cohabiting (mean 1.2). The ratio of single/multiple partners for women with Chlamydia was 2.5:1, and for those with gonorrhea 1:1 (p less than 0.05). Of the men, 60% could be examined and about 50% had positive cultures. Microbiologic investigation of both partners is necessary in order to prevent reinfection of the woman.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Gonorrhea; Humans; Iceland; Laparoscopy; Middle Aged; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; Salpingitis; Sex

A case-control study among white women in Los Angeles County was conducted to investigate etiologic factors that might explain the high rates of invasive cervical cancer among Latinas. Two hundred patients with invasive squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and matched (age, sex, preferred language, and neighborhood) controls were interviewed, 98 pairs in English and 102 pairs in Spanish. Seven factors were found to contribute independently and significantly (P less than .01) to risk, each after adjustment for the other six: years since last Pap smear, years of education (protective), frequency-years douching, pack-years of smoking, years of barrier contraceptive use (protective), number of sexual partners before age 20, and recognized episodes of genital warts. An eighth variable, interval in years between menarche and first intercourse, was the second variable to enter the stepwise logistic regression analysis but lost its statistical significance when sexual partners before age 20 entered the model. Together, these eight variables accounted for almost 99% of the risk. There were no significant interactions between any of these variables and age, language of interview, or birth in a Latin country. There was no increased risk associated with use of oral contraceptives, either before or after adjustment for the other significant factors. Compared to English-speaking controls, Spanish-speaking controls smoked less, douched less, had fewer sexual partners before 20, and had essentially the same average interval between menarche and first intercourse and the same average number of episodes of genital warts; however, they had had a longer interval since their last Pap smear, fewer years of barrier contraceptive use, and fewer years of education. Education, presumably a correlate of an inadequately measured etiologic risk factor (possibly papillomavirus infection), was responsible for the greatest difference in risk between the Spanish- and English-speaking cases.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; California; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Contraception; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Hispanic or Latino; Humans; Middle Aged; Risk; Sex; Smoking; Socioeconomic Factors; Therapeutic Irrigation; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

A study group has been constituted at the Hôpital des Enfants-Malades in order to analyse the relational approach with adolescent girls with various disorders and malformations of the genital tract followed since childhood. This group has been using a methodology which has already been applied to psychological aspects of other somatic diseases. Endocrinologists, gynecologists and psychoanalysts have weekly discussions about clinical cases. Their discussions are tape-recorded. The transcriptions are analysed by the whole group in order to evaluate the objective and subjective data concerning patients, families and doctors. We intend to discuss problems which appear to be the most important in relation to these disorders. Whatever the somatic problem is, these girls' future is also determined by their psychic reality and also that of their families and doctors. This psychic reality integrates and modifies the objective data as well as their environment.

Topics: Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital; Castration; Disorders of Sex Development; Family; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genitalia, Female; Humans; Ovarian Neoplasms; Physician-Patient Relations; Psychology, Adolescent; Sex

The occurrence of urogenital involvements in female sexual partners of males with Reiter's syndrome (RS) or suspicion of RS (SRS) was studied. The possible etiological role of Chlamydia trachomatis (Ct) was demonstrated by isolation and by immunofluorescence (IF) serology. Evidence of chlamydial infection (positive isolation and/or IF titre greater than or equal to 64) was found in 35 out of 56 (62,5%) males with RS and in 9 out of 16 (56,3%) males with SRS. 43 female sexual partners of these men were studied. Evidence of present or past chlamydial infection was demonstrated in 23 of these 43 females (53,5%). This was a significantly higher frequency than that evidenced among controls studied, 14/77 verified serologically and 3/81 by isolation, p less than 0.0025 and p less than 0.005, respectively. A history of dysuria occurred in 10 out of 43 female sexual partners and in only 20 out of 364 interviewed randomly selected controls (p less than 0.00025). Abnormal urinary findings were also more frequent among the sexual partners than among the controls (p less than 0.025). The results emphasize the role of Ct as a triggering factor in RS and stress the importance of urogenital investigations among couples with RS.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Bacterial; Arthritis, Reactive; Chlamydia Infections; Chlamydia trachomatis; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Middle Aged; Sex; Urologic Diseases

Elderly women can develop any of the gynecologic disorders that occur prior to the menopause. They also experience some genital problems that are, for the most part, peculiar to their age. They should, therefore, receive periodic examinations, including tests for cancer, just as they did when they were younger. Many of their distressing symptoms, particularly those caused by hypoestrogenism, minor vulvar diseases, the vulvar dystrophies, stress incontinence, and relaxations of the pelvic musculofascial tissues, can be either alleviated or cured by appropriate treatment. Some of those who are still sexually active or who would like to be will be helped by counseling. With good care, given by one who appreciates their special need for understanding, gentleness, and patience, most of the genital disorders that affect elderly women can be diagnosed and treated in such a fashion that these patients, if not otherwise disabled, can lead relatively active lives.

Topics: Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Estrogens; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Humans; Menopause; Middle Aged; Physical Exertion; Sex; Urinary Incontinence, Stress; Vulvar Diseases; Vulvar Neoplasms

Topics: Body Image; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Humans; Patient Education as Topic; Sex; Sex Education

Topics: Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Nursing Care; Sex

Topics: Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Male; Sex; Sex Factors

In the first part acute mental disturbances of more or less psychotic character following upon major gynaecological operations are described. In general there were only minor somatic findings to be made. The mental disturbances were predominantly psychoreactive. They usually disappear under psychopharmacological therapy supporting psychotherapy quickly and do not recur. In the second part the literature relevant to this theme is compared and discussed. The attempt is made to interpret such disturbances as model cases for psychic disorders arising from an interaction between physical and mental components.

Topics: Adult; Cognition Disorders; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Mastectomy; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Psychotherapy; Sex; Surgical Procedures, Operative

Aging produces changes in sexual organs, in the strength of the secual urge, and in physiologic responses and psychologic tensions. While sexual interest ans sexual thought decline, they do not disappear. Availability of partners and retention of youthful attitudes are important elements of sexual interest and activity at older ages. All authorities seem to agree that regularity of sexual activity is the essential factor in maintaining sexual capacity and performances for both males and females. Older persons who are sexually inactive and comfortable with that adjustment should not be made to feel inadequate, but those who are struggling with sexual problems should be helped to overcome them. Nurses should be prepared to take an active role in sexual conseling of the elderly and in agitating for social, political, legal, and attitudinal change.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Culture; Diabetes Mellitus; Estrogens; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Genitalia, Female; Genitalia, Male; Heart Diseases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nurse-Patient Relations; Progesterone; Sex; Sexual Behavior; Testosterone; Vascular Diseases

In a review of the effect of gynecological operations on sexual function, difficulties resulting from operative technique and from psychological side effects were discussed. In repair of prolapse of the vagina, operative technique has been considered of crucial importance in influencing the sexual life of the patient. Preoperative clinical assessment rarely gives an accurate picture but can prepare the operator for some unforeseen difficulties. Patients with recurrent prolapse may have to sacrifice a functional vagina in the interest of surgical cure. However, the patient's views on coitus must be sought before surgery. Vaginal hysterectomy as an alternative to abdominal surgery can result in a rapid return to normal sexual function. Anterior colporrhaphy, the most commonly performed prolapse repair, may narrow the vagina from a too wide excision of vaginal epithelium. Some degree of shortening was thought to be almost invariable. Posterior colpoperineorrhaphy has been the major cause of vaginal stenosis after prolapse repair. The operation should be avoided but a technique by Simmons avoids the useless skin bridge, the main cause of postoperative dyspareunia. In anticipation of continuing postmenopausal atrophy, undue tightening of the vagina should be avoided. Sexual difficulties resulting from episiotomy frequently result from inaccuracy of siting and repair in favor of speed and dispatch. However, some postpartum difficulties in return to sexual function can result from emotional factors. Relief from postoperative contracture after vaginal operations may be obtained by several means including William's operation for vaginal atresia. Other gynecological procedures were considered outside the scope of this article. Therapeutic abortion and sterilization represent a different kind of operation because of emotional impact. However, it is suggested that many sexual problems are the result of poor preoperative explanation and postoperative instructions.

Topics: Coitus; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Hysterectomy, Vaginal; Perineum; Postoperative Complications; Sex; Uterine Prolapse; Vagina; Vaginal Diseases

Topics: Affective Symptoms; Education, Medical, Graduate; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Instinct; Interpersonal Relations; Love; Medicine; Morals; Psychology, Social; Sex; Sexual Behavior; Social Problems; Specialization; Teaching; Urologic Diseases

Topics: Community Health Services; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Humans; Infertility; Male; Sex; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological; Ukraine

Topics: Attitude to Health; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Genital Diseases, Male; Health Education; Humans; Male; Public Health; Sex; Taboo

Topics: Aorta, Abdominal; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Iliac Artery; Prostatectomy; Rectum; Sex; Sympathectomy; Ureter; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms