sodium-ethylxanthate and Emergencies

Patients presenting to the emergency department with diarrhea should be evaluated for infectious causes. Information obtained from the history and physical examination should be used in deciding whether symptomatic treatment alone is sufficient or whether the patient's stool should be examined for pathogens. Antiperistaltic agents should be used only in selected patients, usually after the results of stool cultures are known to be negative. Antibiotic administration should be based on results of stool cultures and examination for parasites. Finally, the emergency physician should be familiar with the special situations of traveler's diarrhea, food-borne illness, and sexually transmitted enteric disease.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antidiarrheals; Child Day Care Centers; Child, Preschool; Communicable Diseases; Diarrhea; Emergencies; Epidemiologic Methods; Feces; Fluid Therapy; Food Contamination; Homosexuality; Humans; Male; Physical Examination; Sex; Travel

Owing both to the changing behavior of our society and to the growing awareness of the medical community, sexually transmitted diseases have become more common or more complex over the past 10 years. This article discusses the presentation and management of sexually transmitted disease emergencies and other sexually transmitted disease syndromes with which the emergency room physician is frequently confronted.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Candidiasis; Emergencies; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Pelvic Inflammatory Disease; Sex; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Uterine Cervicitis; Vaginitis

Urinary infections in adult women are extremely common. Yet, dysuria, often a symptom of these infections, can be caused by a number of genitourinary pathogens. Symptomatic urinary infections caused primarily by Escherichia coli or Staphylococcus saprophyticus are best confirmed by demonstrating the presence of 10(2) or more organisms per ml of midstream urine in quantitative cultures. Other causes of dysuria such as vaginitis and urethritis due to venereal disease should be suspected in patients with additional signs and symptoms characteristic of these infections and in young, sexually active females. Effective treatment of urinary infections is achieved with a number of antibiotics; the length of therapy is determined by the location of infection in the urinary tract. Although equal in efficacy to conventional therapy for uncomplicated lower tract infections, single-dose therapy of dysuric women should be limited to patients for whom adequate follow-up can be insured.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Emergencies; Female; Humans; Sex; Urinary Tract Infections; Vaginitis

Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Child; Child Advocacy; Child Welfare; Disorders of Sex Development; Emergencies; Ethics, Clinical; Female; General Surgery; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Male; Parental Consent; Sex; Social Adjustment; United States

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Black or African American; Child; Child, Preschool; Emergencies; Female; Florida; Hospitals, Psychiatric; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Male; Mental Disorders; Mental Health Services; Middle Aged; Prisons; Sex; White People