sodium-ethylxanthate and Anemia

The clinical manifestations of uremia are only incompletely reversed by chronic hemodialysis. Signs and symptoms can include abnormalities in electrophysiologic indices, clinical mental status, and neuropsychological test performance, as well as decreases in exercise tolerance, sexual potency, and general quality of life. Though retention of uremic toxins is responsible for many of these symptom complexes, some may be caused, or substantially aggravated, by the anemia that almost invariably accompanies chronic renal failure. Treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO; EPOGEN [epoetin alfa], AMGEN Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA) increases hematocrit values and thus reduces the anemia, in turn improving brain and cognitive function, exercise tolerance, sexual potency, and quality of life.

Topics: Anemia; Cognition; Erythropoietin; Exercise; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Quality of Life; Recombinant Proteins; Renal Dialysis; Sex

Since it has been reported that correction of anemia in long-term hemodialysis patients by using human recombinant erythropoietin (r-HuEPO) is associated with improve sexual function, we conducted the present study to evaluate the changes in sex hormones as well as sexual function after r-HuEPO administration (1500 to 4500 IU per dialysis) for a year in patients on regular hemodialysis. Thirteen patients receiving regular hemodialysis entered this study. Their median age was 43 years. Along with correction of anemia (the hematocrit increased from 20 to 28%), testosterone (T) increased from 2.4 +/- 0.1 to 2.6 +/- 0.2 ng/ml, follicular stimulating hormone (FSH) increased (29 +/- 5 to 73 +/- 7 mIU/ml), luteinizing hormone increased (69 +/- 14 to 160 +/- 21 IU/ml) and prolactin decreased (all changes are significant at p less than 0.05). However, the improvement of sexual function was not remarkable. Only 25% of the uremic patients treated with r-HuEPO showed amelioration of this function. From the present data, it does not seem likely that therapy with r-HuEPO induces directly amelioration of sexual function through changes in sex hormones.

Topics: Adult; Anemia; Erythropoietin; Follicle Stimulating Hormone; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Luteinizing Hormone; Male; Prolactin; Recombinant Proteins; Renal Dialysis; Sex; Testosterone

Topics: Adult; Anemia; Endocrine Glands; Erythropoietin; Female; Gonadal Steroid Hormones; Hematocrit; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Pituitary Hormones; Recombinant Proteins; Renal Dialysis; Sex; Sex Factors

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aging; Anemia; Australia; Blood Pressure; Child; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Sex; Smoking; Surgical Wound Infection

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Blood Sedimentation; Colitis, Ulcerative; Female; Folic Acid; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Serum Albumin; Sex; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aging; Anemia; Child; Child, Preschool; Dietary Proteins; Female; Hemoglobinometry; Hemoglobins; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Malaria; Male; New Guinea; Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Sex

Topics: Adult; Aging; Anemia; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood; Diagnosis, Differential; Embolism; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Female; Heart Defects, Congenital; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Polyarteritis Nodosa; Rheumatic Heart Disease; Sex

The hematologic response in various animal species fed cholesterol and fat differed with the species and sex. Male rabbits, chickens and guinea pigs could not adequately comensate for the demand for increased red cell production and developed anemia. Female guinea pigs given added cholesterol and fat maintained adequate blood cell production but may have become anemic if the test period had been extended. Bone marrow production was increased in male rats and was sufficient to compensate for red cell loss. Blood and bone marrow values were not altered in female chickens by the dietary treatment. Fatty changes in the liver were common to all species fed added cholesterol and fat but gastric lesions were seen only in the rabbit.

Topics: Anemia; Animals; Body Weight; Bone Marrow; Bone Marrow Cells; Cholesterol; Dietary Fats; Female; Guinea Pigs; Histocytochemistry; Liver Diseases; Male; Organ Size; Poultry; Rabbits; Rats; Sex; Species Specificity; Stomach Diseases

Topics: Altitude; Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Blood Cell Count; Blood Platelets; Body Height; Body Weight; Dextrans; Diet; Folic Acid; Hemoglobinometry; Humans; Japan; Occupations; Periodicity; Reference Values; Reticulocytes; Seasons; Sex; Sports; Vitamin B 12

Topics: Aging; Anemia; Blood Sedimentation; Body Temperature; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Genetics, Medical; Hematology; Hemochromatosis; Hepatomegaly; Hypoglycemia; Iron; Liver; Liver Cirrhosis; Liver Neoplasms; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Pleural Effusion; Sex; Splenomegaly

Topics: Ancylostoma; Ancylostomiasis; Anemia; Animals; Dogs; Hookworm Infections; Reproduction; Research; Sex; Sexual Behavior

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Pernicious; Antibodies; Genes; Genetics, Medical; Histocytochemistry; Humans; Immunologic Techniques; Intrinsic Factor; Schilling Test; Sex

Topics: Adult; Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Biomedical Research; Bone Marrow Examination; Diet; Drug Therapy; Female; Hemoglobins; Humans; Iron; Menorrhagia; Postpartum Period; Pregnancy; Sex

Topics: Achlorhydria; Adolescent; Aging; Anemia; Arthritis; Arthritis, Juvenile; Blood Sedimentation; Child; Fever; Follow-Up Studies; Gastric Acidity Determination; Gold; Hormones; Humans; Infant; Leukocyte Count; Physical Therapy Modalities; Prognosis; Salicylates; Sex

Topics: Anemia; Anemia, Aplastic; Anemia, Hemolytic; Bone Marrow Transplantation; Hemoglobins; Hemoglobins, Abnormal; Humans; India; Sex; Therapeutics; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Agammaglobulinemia; Albinism; Anemia; Anemia, Hypochromic; Anemia, Sickle Cell; Blood Group Antigens; Choroid; Color Vision Defects; Ectodermal Dysplasia; Eye Diseases; Gene Silencing; Genetics, Medical; Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency; Glucosephosphates; Humans; Muscular Dystrophies; Sex; Sex Chromatin

Topics: Anemia; Animals; Body Weight; Mice; Parabiosis; Polycythemia; Research; Sex; Skin Transplantation; Spleen