sodium-ethylxanthate and Adenoma

Using a case-control design, we evaluated differences in risk factors for colorectal polyps according to histological type, anatomical site, and severity. Participants were enrollees in the Group Health Cooperative aged 20-79 years who underwent colonoscopy in Seattle, Washington, between 1998 and 2007 and comprised 628 adenoma cases, 594 serrated polyp cases, 247 cases with both types of polyps, and 1,037 polyp-free controls. Participants completed a structured interview, and polyps were evaluated via standardized pathology review. We used multivariable polytomous logistic regression to compare case groups with controls and with the other case groups. Factors for which the strength of the association varied significantly between adenomas and serrated polyps were sex (P < 0.001), use of estrogen-only postmenopausal hormone therapy (P = 0.01), and smoking status (P < 0.001). For lesion severity, prior endoscopy (P < 0.001) and age (P = 0.05) had significantly stronger associations with advanced adenomas than with nonadvanced adenomas; and higher education was positively correlated with sessile serrated polyps but not with other serrated polyps (P = 0.02). Statistically significant, site-specific associations were observed for current cigarette smoking (P = 0.05 among adenomas and P < 0.001 among serrated polyps), postmenopausal estrogen-only therapy (P = 0.01 among adenomas), and obesity (P = 0.01 among serrated polyps). These findings further illustrate the epidemiologic heterogeneity of colorectal neoplasia and may help elucidate carcinogenic mechanisms for distinct pathways.

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Body Mass Index; Case-Control Studies; Colonic Polyps; Colonoscopy; Colorectal Neoplasms; Estrogen Replacement Therapy; Female; Health Behavior; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Sex; Smoking; Socioeconomic Factors

A national survey, based on a probability sample of patients admitted to short-term hospitals in the United States during 1973 to 1974 with a discharge diagnosis of an intracranial neoplasm, was conducted in 157 hospitals. The annual incidence was estimated at 17,000 for primary intracranial neoplasms and 17,400 for secondary intracranial neoplasms--8.2 and 8.3 per 100,000 US population, respectively. Rates of primary intracranial neoplasms increased steadily with advancing age. The age-adjusted rates were higher among men than among women (8.5 versus 7.9 per 100,000). However, although men were more susceptible to gliomas and neuronomas, incidence rates for meningiomas and pituitary adenomas were higher among women.

Topics: Adenoma; Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Brain Neoplasms; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Glioma; Health Surveys; Humans; Male; Meningioma; Middle Aged; Neurilemmoma; Racial Groups; Sex; United States

Male hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) is known to induce different types of sexual dysfunctions. In order to determine the incidence of HPRL among patients referred for sexual dysfunction, serum prolactin (PRL) was assayed in 1053 clinically idiopathic cases. Among 850 cases complaining of erectile impotence, 10 with marked HPRL (1.1%, PRL above 35 ng/ml) were found, of whom 6 cases were associated with a pituitary adenoma. 17 mild HPRL (2%, PRL 20-35 ng/ml) were also found. Among 124 cases with premature ejaculation, 13 (10%) mild HPRL were found. Serum PRL was normal in 51 cases complaining of an ejaculation without orgasm, and 27 patients exclusively complaining of reduced sexual desire. Our results lay stress on the fact that serum PRL must be assayed in every case of clinically idiopathic erectile impotence. Indeed, 5 of the 10 marked HPRL patients would have been misdiagnosed if we had only assayed this hormone when plasma testosterone was below the normal range. Moreover, in order to shed some light on the mechanisms by which HPRL disturbs male sexual function, the sexual behaviour of 17 markedly HPRL males was compared to their serum levels of PRL and testosterone, first before treatment, then at regular intervals during treatment. Our main conclusion is that impotence cannot be totally explained by a decrease in plasma testosterone, because this steroid hormone was within the normal range 7 of the 16 impotent patients. Moreover, when serum PRL was lowered by bromocriptine, 6 patients recovered their potency before plasma testosterone clearly increased, and in 3 of those patients before it reached the normal range.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adenoma; Adult; Bromocriptine; Erectile Dysfunction; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Hyperprolactinemia; Male; Middle Aged; Penile Erection; Pituitary Neoplasms; Prolactin; Psychotherapy; Sex

Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Diseases; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adult; Aged; Diabetes Mellitus; Ethnology; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Retrospective Studies; Sex

Topics: Adenocarcinoma, Papillary; Adenoma; Adult; Aged; Black or African American; Carcinoma; Ethnology; Female; Humans; Hyperparathyroidism; Louisiana; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Postoperative Complications; Sex; Thyroid Neoplasms; Thyroidectomy; White People

Topics: Adenoma; Adolescent; Aging; Blood; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Diagnosis; Geriatrics; Humans; Hypercalcemia; Hyperparathyroidism; Hyperthyroidism; Hypoparathyroidism; Multiple Myeloma; Parathyroid Neoplasms; Prevalence; Sex; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Vitamin D

Topics: Adenoma; Adrenal Gland Neoplasms; Adrenocortical Adenoma; Female; Geriatrics; Hirsutism; Humans; Hypertension; Hypertrichosis; Osteoporosis; Sex; Statistics as Topic; Vaginal Smears

Topics: Adenoma; Adenoma, Pleomorphic; Black People; Child; Geriatrics; Humans; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasms; Parotid Neoplasms; Pathology; Prognosis; Salivary Gland Neoplasms; Salivary Glands; Sex; Surgical Procedures, Operative