sodium-dodecyl-sulfate and Mouth-Diseases

Salivary hypofunction caused by salivary gland disease, medication, or radiation may predispose for secondary oral mucosal diseases. In these patients the protective coating of saliva is reduced or absent, leaving the oral mucosa more vulnerable. Candidiasis, burning mouth syndrome, and white lesions of the oral mucosa are increased in frequency. The aim of management is to prevent oral pathological changes. The management procedure may include proper oral hygiene, saliva-stimulating agents, or saliva substitutes, depending on the severity of the salivary dysfunction. Treatment includes antifungal therapy if candidiasis is diagnosed. In severely distressed patients, local or systemic corticosteroids may be indicated. Precautions, like refraining from smoking and avoiding toothpastes containing sodium lauryl sulfate, should also be taken. In the future, agents combining antibacterial and antiinflammatory actions, like triclosan, may show promising effects in patients with oral mucosal diseases secondary to salivary hypofunction.

Topics: Humans; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Salivation; Smoking; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Toothpastes; Xerostomia

The effects of a magnesium monoperoxyphthalate (MMPP) mouth-rinse, with or without sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), and an MMPP dentifrice, on salivary counts of bacterial flora and yeasts, and on supragingival plaque scores were investigated in 131 healthy oral candida carriers over a 9 week double blind study. There were no changes in the salivary counts of bacteria studied (anaerobes, streptococci, fusobacteria, Actinomyces, Viellonella) in the test or placebo groups. A significant increase in salivary candida counts was seen in subjects using an MMPP rinse and dentifrice compared with placebo subjects and this phenomenon was not influenced by the presence of SLS. A significant reduction in plaque was seen in subjects using an MMPP rinse and dentifrice compared with placebo subjects. Frank candidosis was observed in only 2 subjects (1 in the placebo rinse group and 1 in the MMPP dentifrice group) but erythematous lesions, with subjective reports of soreness, dryness or burning sensation, were recorded and observed more frequently in the experimental groups than in the placebos, especially in those also using SLS. The substantial plaque reduction achieved with MMPP in the absence of tooth staining but with the increase in salivary Candida counts suggests that further studies of MMPP are warranted.

Topics: Actinomyces; Adult; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Candida; Colony Count, Microbial; Dental Plaque; Dentifrices; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fusobacterium; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Mouthwashes; Phthalic Acids; Placebos; Saliva; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Streptococcus; Surface-Active Agents; Veillonella; Xerostomia

Previous studies on triclosan treatment of skin exposed to sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) indicated a protective rôle of zinc and an irritant effect of propylene glycol (PG). The aim was hence to examine whether zinc or PG also may affect SLS-induced oral mucosal reactions, and also to test the influence of zinc in combination with triclosan. 15 healthy dental students participated in this double-blind crossover study performed in 2 experimental series. They were rinsing 2x daily with solutions containing (A) 1.5% SLS, (B) 1.5% SLS/0.5% zinc citrate and (C) 1.5% SLS/PG (1:8) in experiment 1, and (D) 1.5% SLS/0.15% triclosan/0.3% zinc citrate and (E) 1.5% SLS/0.15% triclosan in experiment 2. Clinical evaluation by 2 examiners of degree of erythema and oral mucosal desquamations was then performed. The critical micellar concentration was also determined. SLS and SLS/PG, which were not different in effect, evoked significantly more erythematous reactions than SLS/Tri/Zn. This solution was numerically but not statistically better than SLS/Tri, and the latter also did lead to significantly less erythema than SLS/PG. In conclusion, the present study revealed no irritation of the oral mucosa due to PG, whereas a protective effect of zinc as well as the anti-inflammatory effect of triclosan were confirmed.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Cross-Over Studies; Dermatologic Agents; Double-Blind Method; Erythema; Female; Humans; Irritants; Male; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Propylene Glycol; Skin; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Surface-Active Agents; Triclosan; Zinc

It has recently been shown that triclosan protects the human skin from the inflammation that may be caused by exposure to sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS). The aim of the present study was to examine whether triclosan can protect the hamster cheek pouch mucosa from the irritation caused by exposure to SLS. After four daily applications of a paste containing SLS, the epithelium of the hamster cheek pouch showed consistently prominent structural changes, especially basal hyperplasia, acanthosis, hypergranulosis, and hyperkeratosis. Identical morphological changes were also observed after applications of a paste containing SLS together with triclosan. In contrast, after applications of a paste containing triclosan alone, the cheek pouch mucosa revealed a histological structure essentially similar to the non-treated control mucosa. From these results, we may conclude that SLS, but not triclosan, irritates the hamster cheek pouch epithelium. Moreover, triclosan does not protect the cheek pouch mucosa against structural changes induced by SLS. It must be taken into account that triclosan does not always offer protection against the side-effects of SLS.

Topics: Animals; Cheek; Cricetinae; Male; Mesocricetus; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Surface-Active Agents; Triclosan

A unusual type of oral desquamation appeared as grayish-white gelatinous membranes on the floor of the mouth, lips, vestibules, and gingiva in a 50-year-old woman. The painless desquamation was caused by synthetic dentifrice detergents (foaming agents) and was exacerbated by the patient's use of drugs with antisialic action.

Topics: Dentifrices; Detergents; Drug Synergism; Female; Histamine Antagonists; Humans; Middle Aged; Mouth Diseases; Mouth Mucosa; Salivation; Sarcosine; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate