sodium-dodecyl-sulfate and Lymphoma

Animal experiments were started in 1988 with the aim of inducing malignant lymphomas. 52 guinea pigs were exposed to potassium dichromate using the TINA test (plus 39 control animals). Following the sensitization procedure, the test animals and 15 control guinea pigs were exposed daily (5 x a week) epicutaneously to the antigen up to the present time. Currently, 30 exposed and 17 control animals are still in the experiment. In 3 out of 17 post-mortem examinations, histologically evident lymphomas were found. In the control animals, no tumor has been seen. The experiments support lymphoma causation by chronic antigen stimulation. The experiments are continuing.

Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Animals; Antigens; Female; Freund's Adjuvant; Guinea Pigs; Immunization; Injections, Intradermal; Injections, Intramuscular; Lymphoma; Male; Potassium Dichromate; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

We determined the mol wt of glucocorticoid receptors in human leukemia cells in order to detect glucocorticoid receptor defects that might cause glucocorticoid resistance. Glucocorticoid receptors in intact cells were affinity labeled with [3H]dexamethasone-21-mesylate and were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Receptors in normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and six human leukemia cell lines had mol wt of 97,000. Malignant cells from ten of 25 patients with leukemia contained electrophoretically abnormal glucocorticoid receptors having mol wt of 55,000 in addition to normal size receptors (Mr = 97,000). The receptor abnormality was not restricted to a particular type of leukemia and was seen in cells from both newly diagnosed patients and patients who had received prior chemotherapy, including prednisone. The abnormal receptor was not generated when cells having only normal size receptors were assayed under conditions that favor proteolysis or when cytosol from cells containing the abnormal receptor form was mixed with cytosol from cells containing only normal size receptors. The mol wt of the abnormal receptors in human leukemia cells was the same as the mol wt of receptors in mutant mouse lymphoma cell lines, S49 143R and S49 55R, which have the nuclear transfer-increased phenotype of glucocorticoid resistance. This work describes for the first time a single common electrophoretic abnormality of glucocorticoid receptors in human leukemia cells. Further investigation of glucocorticoid receptor defects in human leukemia cells could lead to an improved understanding of the mechanisms of glucocorticoid resistance in leukemia as well as a method of predicting which patients are likely to be resistant to glucocorticoid therapy.

Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Dexamethasone; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Humans; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Mice; Molecular Weight; Receptors, Glucocorticoid; Receptors, Steroid; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate

A new human B lymphocyte membrane antigen, CB2, has been detected by a mouse monoclonal IgM antibody. CB2 appears to be predominantly expressed on normal and malignant cells expressing surface membrane immunoglobulin (SmIg). By indirect immunofluorescence, the number of CB2-positive cells in normal peripheral blood correlated well with the number of SmIg-positive cells. Cytotoxicity studies on isolated cell populations showed that CB2 was present on normal B cells isolated from the spleens of 52 donors and on peripheral blood B cells from 8 donors. Monocytes, T cells, granulocytes, platelets, and red cells were CB2 negative. Only malignant cells expressing SmIg were positive. These included B-CLL, B lymphoma, prolymphocytic leukemia, and B lymphoma cell lines Daudi, Raji, and Conception. SmIg-negative leukemia cells, such as common acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia, and T cell leukemias, were negative. Blocking studies with human immunoglobulin suggests that the CB2 antigen is not directed against immunoglobulin determinants. Immunoperoxidase studies on normal lymph node sections show that CB2-positive cells are predominantly present in the mantle region of the follicle, whereas B1-positive cells are mainly in the germinal center.

Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Antigens, Surface; B-Lymphocytes; Cell Line; Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Humans; Leukemia; Lymphoma; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Multiple Myeloma; Precipitin Tests; Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Spleen

Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Antigen-Antibody Reactions; Binding Sites; Binding, Competitive; Blood Group Antigens; Carbohydrates; Chromatography, Gel; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Hemagglutination Tests; Immunodiffusion; Iodine Radioisotopes; Kinetics; Lectins; Lymphoma; Mice; Molecular Weight; Neoplasms, Experimental; Plant Lectins; Plants, Toxic; Precipitin Tests; Rabbits; Ricinus; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Structure-Activity Relationship; Swine

Topics: Animals; Antibody Specificity; Binding Sites, Antibody; Cell Line; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Histocompatibility Testing; Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; Immunoglobulin G; Iodine Radioisotopes; Lymphoma; Moloney murine leukemia virus; Rabbits; Rats; Sarcoma, Experimental; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Thymus Gland; Ultracentrifugation

Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Centrifugation, Density Gradient; Chemical Precipitation; Cricetinae; Defective Viruses; DNA Nucleotidyltransferases; Electrophoresis, Paper; Gammaretrovirus; Lymphoma; Mice; Neoplasms, Experimental; Phosphorus Radioisotopes; Rats; Retroviridae; RNA, Viral; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Tritium; Uridine