sodium-dodecyl-sulfate and Keratoconjunctivitis

A new human adenovirus has been isolated from patients with keratoconjunctivitis and/or genital infection since 1976. This adenovirus, designed candidate adenovirus 37 (Ad 37) is serologically distinct but related to Ad 10, 13, 19, and 30 (see the accompanying paper by de Jong et al). SDS-Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of Ad 37 virion polypeptides showed that this adenovirus is a member of subgroup D. DNA restriction endonuclease analysis of DNA from Ad 37 and related serotypes belonging to subgroup D showed that Ad 37 is a new genome type belonging to subgroup D but clearly distinct from the 20 serotypes classified into this subgroup.

Topics: Adenoviruses, Human; Chromosome Mapping; DNA Restriction Enzymes; DNA, Viral; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Humans; Keratoconjunctivitis; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Viral Proteins; Virion

Five electrophoretic techniques were tested for application to the analysis of human tear proteins: disc-, SDS- and gradient polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, immunoelectrophoresis and isoelectric focusing. Protein patterns obtained from pooled normal tear fluid, tear fluid from keratoconjunctivitis sicca patients and from patients with chronic non-infectious conjunctivitis were compared. The four major components of human tear fluid were purified and their positions within the separation patterns were determined. The highest resolution and the clearest differences between the patterns of the three tear samples were obtained by SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.

Topics: Conjunctivitis; Electrophoresis, Disc; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Humans; Isoelectric Focusing; Keratoconjunctivitis; Proteins; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Tears

A colonial variant of a virulent Shigella flexneri 2a has lost both virulence and glycerol kinase activity. It also has several other altered characteristics: lowered ability to oxidize tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates, increased electrophoretic mobility, and decreased sensitivity to sodium lauryl sulfate. Genetic analysis has revealed that the gene governing glycerol kinase activity in Shigella has a different chromosomal locus than that from Escherichia coli. Furthermore, transduction of the Shigella glycerol kinase gene (glp K) into the avirulent Shigella strain can restore the ability to penetrate HeLa cells, whereas the gene from E. coli cannot. About half of the glp K mutants lose this ability, and only about half of the revertants of an avirulent glp K mutant regain it. This indicates that more than one gene affects glycerol kinase activity in Shigella, only one of which is associated with penetration. Glycerol kinase activity is closely correlated with changes in electrophoretic mobility, but does not appear to have any relationship to sodium lauryl sulfate sensitivity nor to the oxidation of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates.

Topics: Animals; Bacteriological Techniques; Bacteriolysis; Bacteriophages; Chromosome Mapping; Electrophoresis; Glycerol; Guinea Pigs; Haplorhini; HeLa Cells; Keratoconjunctivitis; Mutation; Oxygen Consumption; Penicillins; Phosphotransferases; Shigella flexneri; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Tissue Extracts; Transduction, Genetic; Virulence