sodium-dodecyl-sulfate and Infertility--Male

To determine any correlation between sperm chromatin stability under sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and SDS-ethylendiamine tetraacetic acid (SDS and EDTA) conditions with levels of corrected seminal fructose, obtained multiplying logarithm of sperm count by seminal fructose concentration, in men attending an infertility service.. Cross sectional study to compare semen parameters of two groups (control and experimental), one with normal levels of corrected fructose (control) and the second with low levels of corrected fructose (experimental). Subjects were also grouped according to number, motility and morphology of sperm, and according to results of hypo-osmotic test.. Andrology laboratory at the Instituto de Investigaciones de la Altura, Lima, Perú.. Two hundred and twenty five male partners in infertile couples attending the Andrology Laboratory.. None. semen analysis, hypo-osmotic swelling test, sperm chromatin stability after SDS, and SDS and EDTA, and seminal fructose.. Seminal volume, sperm motility, and seminal fructose were significantly lower in samples from subjects with low levels of corrected fructose. Subjects with low levels of corrected fructose had also high sperm chromatin stability under SDS, and SDS and EDTA treatment. After SDS treatment, sperm chromatin stability was similar in normal samples and in those with oligozoospermia, asthenozoospermia, teratozoospermia, or abnormal hypo-osmotic swelling test. After SDS and EDTA treatment, a high sperm stability was observed in samples with asthenozoospermia. This hyper-stability is observed in asthenozoospermic samples with low corrected fructose levels, but not in asthenozoospermic samples with normal corrected fructose levels. The logistic regression analysis applied to asthenozoospermic data showed that chronological age, seminal volume, acid phosphatase per ejaculate and percent of stable sperm after SDS and EDTA treatment were significantly associated to levels of corrected fructose.. Low levels of corrected fructose were associated to low seminal volume, low sperm motility, and high sperm chromatin stability under SDS and EDTA treatment.

Topics: Adult; Chromatin; Cross-Sectional Studies; Edetic Acid; Fructose; Humans; Infertility, Male; Logistic Models; Male; Odds Ratio; Semen; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Sperm Count; Sperm Motility; Spermatozoa

To validate an in-vitro bioassay for assessing chromatin stability of human sperm, 38 semen samples from infertile men were studied using sodium dodecyl sulphate, an anionic detergent which disorganizes only the cytoplasmic membrane. Assay sensitivity was 50 sperm, whilst the within- and between-assay variation, and the between-observer variation were found to be within the accepted range for this type of bioassay. The influence of different in-vitro treatments currently used in some clinical assisted fertilization programmes was evaluated: a destabilizing effect occurred in Grade I (stable) and Grade III (swollen) sperm. In the former, all treatments reduced stable sperm; in the latter, a significant (P less than 0.001) increase in swollen sperm was shown with two methods that used Ham's F-10 as culture medium. Different chromatin patterns found in the treated sperm suggest the possibility that the recovered samples could be modified compared to their status at the time of isolation.

Topics: Biological Assay; Chromatin; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Specimen Handling; Sperm Capacitation; Spermatozoa

During mammalian spermiogenesis, replacement of the somatic histones by basic proteins, the protamines, allows normal sperm nuclear condensation. In this study we have evaluated the degree of chromatin compaction in spermatozoa from 191 infertile subjects, affected by different testicular disorders, compare with that in 50 fertile sperm donors (controls). In infertile men, there was a higher percentage of unstable spermatozoa after incubation with sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) and of stained spermatozoa after staining with aniline blue (P less than 0.001 vs. controls). Furthermore, a positive linear correlation was found between SDS-unstable spermatozoa and stained spermatozoa (P less than 0.001), suggesting that sperm instability was related to a defect in histone-replacement by sperm-specific nucleoproteins, protamines. When the patients were considered according to pathology, high sperm nuclear instability and a high percentage of stained spermatozoa were detected in groups affected by varicocele, idiopathic infertility and in patients with a history of unilateral cryptorchidism. In the latter group the same alterations were observed even when the cryptorchid testis had been removed during surgery. In the group with a past history of mumps orchitis these parameters did not show any difference when compared with controls.

Topics: Adult; Aniline Compounds; Cell Nucleus; Chromatin; Fluorescent Dyes; Histones; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Nucleoproteins; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Spermatozoa

The stability and the content of zinc of the chromatin were studied in spermatozoa from ten men with unexplained infertility, and in spermatozoa from five fertile donors. A positive relation was found between zinc in sperm nuclei (X-ray microanalysis) and the resistance of the chromatin to decondense in sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS). The infertile men had lower degree of sperm chromatin stability and lower sperm zinc content than the fertile donors. A subgroup of the infertile men, which all had minor clinical signs of prostatic inflammatory reaction, had the lowest content of zinc in the chromatin and the lowest degree of chromatin stability. A low content of nuclear zinc would impair the structural stability of the chromatin and thereby increase the vulnerability of the male genome. This mechanism may be one explanation for the reduced fertility of the men with minor inflammation of the prostate.

Topics: Chromatin; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Semen; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Sperm Head; Spermatozoa; Sulfur; Zinc

The stability of the nuclear chromatin in human spermatozoa soon after ejaculation was studied by exposing the cells to sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) one to 20 min after ejaculation. Semen samples were obtained both from men with apparently normal, and from men with impaired prostatic secretion (= subnormal seminal plasma [Zn]). The sperm nuclear resistance to decondensation in SDS increased in both groups during the first 15 min after ejaculation, but was significantly lower in the semen samples with subnormal [Zn]. This fast post-ejaculatory increment in sperm SDS resistance was significantly reduced by a 5-fold saline dilution of the semen at the time of ejaculation. It is discussed if the observed stabilization with time was illusory and that a prostatic component instead counteracted an intrinsic nuclear chromatin decondensation (NCD) process initiated by SDS derangement of spermatozoal membranes.

Topics: Chromatin; Ejaculation; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Prostate; Semen; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Spermatozoa; Time Factors; Zinc

In semen from donors with adequate secretory function of the prostate, spermatozoa in the first ("prostatic") portion of the ejaculate were more resistant to nuclear swelling in sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) than spermatozoa from the second ("vesicular") portion. No such difference was revealed by a donor with severely impaired prostatic function. This demonstrates that some sperm nuclear chromatin stabilizing factor(s) is present in normal prostatic fluid. The chromatin stabilizing factor(s) could largely be removed by washing the spermatozoa in saline containing albumin. Spermatozoa sensitized to SDS in this manner regained their SDS resistance upon exposure to normal (zinc-rich) "prostatic fluid". Such exposure also induced a high degree of resistance in natively SDS sensitive spermatozoa. The possibility is discussed that zinc of prostatic or other origin reversibly inhibits a nuclear chromatin decondensation ability (NCD-ability). It is suggested that such a mechanism may be of essential importance for male genome transfer.

Topics: Chromatin; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Prostate; Semen; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Spermatozoa

Nuclear chromatin decondensation (NCD) of ejaculated human spermatozoa was studied in vitro. Spermatozoa subjected to membrane disintegration induced by the detergent sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) were found to undergo NCD if previously or afterwards treated with substances known to deplete the spermatozoa of zinc (albumin and EDTA). Zn2+, but not other, "prostatic" cations (Ca2+, Mg2+), inhibited the experimentally induced NCD and the NCD of spermatozoa from men with impaired prostatic function. It is suggested that the human spermatozoon has an intrinsic mechanism for NCD, that is preserved by temporary zinc inhibition and might be reactivated by zinc removal within the female genital tract.

Topics: Cations; Chromatin; Humans; Infertility, Male; Male; Prostate; Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; Spermatozoa; Zinc