sodium-bicarbonate and Osteoporosis

A Western-type diet is associated with osteoporosis and calcium nephrolithiasis. On the basis of observations that calcium retention and inhibition of bone resorption result from alkali administration, it is assumed that the acid load inherent in this diet is responsible for increased bone resorption and calcium loss from bone. However, it is not known whether the dietary acid load acts directly or indirectly (i.e., via endocrine changes) on bone metabolism. It is also unclear whether alkali administration affects bone resorption/calcium balance directly or whether alkali-induced calcium retention is dependent on the cation (i.e., potassium) supplied with administered base. The effects of neutralization of dietary acid load (equimolar amounts of NaHCO(3) and KHCO(3) substituted for NaCl and KCl) in nine healthy subjects (6 men, 3 women) under metabolic balance conditions on calcium balance, bone markers, and endocrine systems relevant to bone [glucocorticoid secretion, IGF-1, parathyroid hormone (PTH)/1,25(OH)(2) vitamin D and thyroid hormones] were studied. Neutralization for 7 days induced a significant cumulative calcium retention (10.7 +/- 0.4 mmol) and significantly reduced the urinary excretion of deoxypyridinoline, pyridinoline, and n-telopeptide. Mean daily plasma cortisol decreased from 264 +/- 45 to 232 +/- 43 nmol/l (P = 0.032), and urinary excretion of tetrahydrocortisol (THF) decreased from 2,410 +/- 210 to 2,098 +/- 190 microg/24 h (P = 0.027). No significant effect was found on free IGF-1, PTH/1,25(OH)(2) vitamin D, or thyroid hormones. An acidogenic Western diet results in mild metabolic acidosis in association with a state of cortisol excess, altered divalent ion metabolism, and increased bone resorptive indices. Acidosis-induced increases in cortisol secretion and plasma concentration may play a role in mild acidosis-induced alterations in bone metabolism and possibly in osteoporosis associated with an acidogenic Western diet.

Topics: Acid-Base Equilibrium; Acidosis; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Bone Resorption; Carbonates; Circadian Rhythm; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Male; Osteoporosis; Potassium; Potassium, Dietary; Sodium Bicarbonate; Western World

Osteoporosis is a global chronic disease characterized by severe bone loss and high susceptibility to fragile fracture. It is widely accepted that the origin acidified microenvironment created by excessive osteoclasts causes irreversible bone mineral dissolution and organic degradation during osteoclastic resorption. However, current clinically available approaches are mainly developed from the perspective of osteoclast biology rather than the critical acidified niche. Here, we developed a smart "nanosacrificial layer" consisting of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO

Topics: Animals; Bone and Bones; Bone Resorption; Carbon Dioxide; Cholesterol; Female; Humans; Lecithins; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nanostructures; NF-kappa B; Osteoclasts; Osteoporosis; Phosphatidylethanolamines; Polyethylene Glycols; RANK Ligand; Sodium Bicarbonate; Surface Properties; Tetracycline

Acid hydrolysis of components from the diet in the stomach require the presence of an acid and a hydrolysing agent. The acid involved is hydrochloric acid. The present mechanism of hydrochloric acid production in the stomach is demonstrated to be incompatible with measured intracellular or intercellular concentrations of the relevant ions. An alternative set of chemical reactions whereby hydrochloric acid is formed in the stomach is presented. The hydrolysing agent is identified and a mechanism of transfer of chemical compounds into the metabolism is described. The hypothesis demonstrates that some of chemical compounds produced in the stomach can induce conditions such as asthma and that the conditions of osteoporosis and hemochromatosis can be linked to the function of the stomach. Possible treatments for these and other conditions such as stomach acidity and anaemia are proposed.

Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Antacids; Asthma; Bicarbonates; Calcium Chloride; Calcium Phosphates; Chlorides; Digestion; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Gastric Acid; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Contents; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Hemochromatosis; Humans; Hydrolysis; Ion Transport; Metabolic Diseases; Models, Biological; Models, Chemical; Nitrous Oxide; Osteoporosis; Parietal Cells, Gastric; Sodium Bicarbonate; Stomach

Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Child; Citric Acid; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Kidney Diseases, Cystic; Kidney Medulla; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Nephrocalcinosis; Osteoporosis; Radiography; Sodium Bicarbonate; Treatment Outcome; X-Rays