sodium-bicarbonate and Gastritis

Minute early gastric cancers can be removed with endoscopic mucosal resection techniques. However, early detection of these minute cancers with endoscopy is still difficult. For this purpose, use of a dye is helpful. To increase visibility further, gastric mucus should be removed before endoscopic examination. In this study, the effectiveness of premedication with pronase for improving visibility during gastroendoscopy was investigated.. From January through July 1996, outpatients scheduled for gastroendoscopy were randomly assigned to oral premedication with the antifoam agent dimethylpolysiloxane alone (n=34), with dimethylpolysiloxane plus sodium bicarbonate (n=32), or with dimethylpolysiloxane, sodium bicarbonate, and pronase (n=34). All were given about 10 minutes before the start of endoscopy. After inserting the endoscope, the endoscopist gave visibility scores at conventional endoscopy and after methylene blue spraying.. Premedication with pronase significantly improved visibility before and after methylene blue spraying as compared with the two other groups pretreated without pronase. Pronase also significantly shortened the times for chromoendoscopic examination. Pronase had no significant effect on the culture of Helicobacter pylori.. Premedication with pronase improved endoscopic visualization during conventional endoscopy and chromoendoscopy. Its routine use at gastroendoscopy is therefore recommended.

Topics: Adult; Diagnosis, Differential; Dimethylpolysiloxanes; Female; Gastritis; Gastroscopy; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Humans; Image Enhancement; Male; Methylene Blue; Middle Aged; Premedication; Pronase; Sensitivity and Specificity; Sodium Bicarbonate; Stomach Neoplasms; Stomach Ulcer

Topics: Alkalosis; Antacids; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Overdose; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Agents; Heartburn; Humans; Male; Medicine, Traditional; Middle Aged; Self Medication; Severity of Illness Index; Sodium Bicarbonate; Tachycardia, Ventricular; Treatment Outcome

Gavage of 2 M NaCl (IG 2 M NaCl), a procedure to induce cell-dehydration-and water and 0.15 M NaCl intake in a two-bottle choice test-is also a potential gastric irritant. In this study, we assessed whether mineral intake induced by IG 2 M NaCl is associated with gastric irritation or production of pica in the rat. We first determined the amount of mineral solution (0.15 M NaCl, 0.15 M NaHCO3, 0.01 M KCl and 0.05 mM CaCl2) and water ingested in response to IG 2 M NaCl in a five-bottle test. Then, we used mineral solutions (0.01 M KCl and 0.15 M NaHCO3), whose intakes were significantly increased compared to controls, and water in three-bottle tests to test the gastric irritation hypothesis. The IG 2 M NaCl induced KCl and NaHCO3 intake that was not inhibited by gavage with gastric protectors Al(OH)3 or NaHCO3. IG 2 M NaCl or gavage of 0.6 N acetic acid induced mild irritation, hyperemia, of the glandular part of the stomach. A gavage of 50% ethanol induced strong irritation seen as pinpoint ulcerations. Neither ethanol nor acetic acid induced any fluid intake. Neither IG 2 M NaCl nor acetic acid induced kaolin intake, a marker of pica in laboratory rats. Ethanol did induce kaolin intake. These results suggest that IG 2 M NaCl induced a mineral fluid intake not selective for sodium and independent from gastric irritation or pica.

Topics: Acetic Acid; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Choice Behavior; Dehydration; Drinking; Drinking Behavior; Ethanol; Food Preferences; Gastric Lavage; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Male; Mineral Waters; Pica; Rats; Saline Solution, Hypertonic; Sodium Bicarbonate; Sodium Chloride

Topics: Acidosis; Adult; Antidotes; Diagnosis, Differential; Ethanol; Ethylene Glycol; Female; Gastritis; Humans; Poisoning; Sodium Bicarbonate; Vomiting

Acid hydrolysis of components from the diet in the stomach require the presence of an acid and a hydrolysing agent. The acid involved is hydrochloric acid. The present mechanism of hydrochloric acid production in the stomach is demonstrated to be incompatible with measured intracellular or intercellular concentrations of the relevant ions. An alternative set of chemical reactions whereby hydrochloric acid is formed in the stomach is presented. The hydrolysing agent is identified and a mechanism of transfer of chemical compounds into the metabolism is described. The hypothesis demonstrates that some of chemical compounds produced in the stomach can induce conditions such as asthma and that the conditions of osteoporosis and hemochromatosis can be linked to the function of the stomach. Possible treatments for these and other conditions such as stomach acidity and anaemia are proposed.

Topics: Adult; Ammonia; Antacids; Asthma; Bicarbonates; Calcium Chloride; Calcium Phosphates; Chlorides; Digestion; Ferric Compounds; Ferrous Compounds; Gastric Acid; Gastric Juice; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Gastrointestinal Contents; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Hemochromatosis; Humans; Hydrolysis; Ion Transport; Metabolic Diseases; Models, Biological; Models, Chemical; Nitrous Oxide; Osteoporosis; Parietal Cells, Gastric; Sodium Bicarbonate; Stomach

We studied the effects of famotidine, sodium bicarbonate, and citric acid on the 13C-urea breath test (UBT).. Helicobacter pylori-infected volunteers received a UBT, 40 mg of famotidine at bedtime, and a second UBT (pudding test meal, 648 mg NaHCO3 tablet then 125 mg of urea in 200 ml of water containing 650 mg of NaHCO3). Experiment 2 consisted of four UBTs. Two were standard citric acid UBTs with 75 mg of urea and 2 g citric acid and two were sequential bicarbonate-citric acid UBTs. Sequential UBTs consisted of administration of a 648 mg bicarbonate tablet with 50 g of Polycose in 200 ml of water. Five minutes later, 125 mg of 13C-urea was given in 75 ml of water containing 650 mg of NaHCO3. Breath samples were collected after 15 minutes. Then, to acutely acidify the stomach, 4 g of citric acid was given in 200 ml of water. A second breath sample was collected 15 minutes after the citric acid. The standard UBTs were done before and after 6 days of famotidine (40 mg b.i.d.). Sequential UBTs were done after 1 and 6 days of famotidine therapy. Gastric biopsies for histology, culture, and mucosal cytokines were assessed before and after 6 days of famotidine.. Eighteen subjects participated, 10 in each experiment; seven had endoscopy with biopsy. Famotidine/ bicarbonate resulted an approximately 50% fall in UBT values (p = .021) with 10% becoming negative. The gastric pH increased from 5.1 +/- 0.5 to 6.7 +/- 0.2 (p = .03) although no pH value predicted the occurrence of false negative results. Under famotidine acid suppression, NaHCO3 reduced the delta over baseline (DOB) by 63% (p = .021). This was reversed with citric acid. Histology showed a H2-receptor antagonist-associated increase in the depth of gastric corpus inflammation.. H2-receptor antagonists differ from proton pump inhibitors as high intragastric pH may cause a reduction in urease activity, unrelated to a reduced bacterial load and reversed by citric acid.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Biopsy; Breath Tests; Citric Acid; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; False Negative Reactions; Famotidine; Female; Gastric Mucosa; Gastritis; Helicobacter Infections; Helicobacter pylori; Histamine H2 Antagonists; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Male; Middle Aged; Sodium Bicarbonate; Urea

Basal cell carcinomas (BCC) are caused by various factors such as ultraviolet light, ionizing radiation, possibly human papilloma viruses and chemical agents. Among the latter inorganic trivalent arsenic has long been recognized as an important cause of BCC. A 70-year-old woman developed multiple basal cell carcinomas mainly on the trunk after taking sodium hydrogen carbonate contaminated with arsenic for many years for chronic gastritis.

Topics: Aged; Arsenic; Female; Gastritis; Humans; Long-Term Care; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary; Risk Factors; Self Medication; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Sodium Bicarbonate