sodium-bicarbonate and Colonic-Neoplasms

The primary endpoint of the present study was to assess the potential therapeutic effects of three different mouthwashes for alleviation and treatment of oral complications (OCs). The secondary endpoint was to assess patients' perceptions and daily functional activities after therapy of OCs in patients with colon cancer receiving 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based chemotherapy regimens.. A prospective, randomised controlled study carried out on 90 patients with colon cancer eligible for 5-FU-based chemotherapy regimens at the oncology centre, Istanbul, Turkey. Patients were randomly randomised into three groups (30 patients in each group) and received a single mouthwash. The first group (group A) received benzydamine at a dose of 15 mL; the second group (group B) received sodium bicarbonate at a dose of 1.2-2.4 g in 240 mL of water; and the third group (group C) received glutamine suspension 10 g. Patients were assessed for the occurrence of oral complications based on the WHO scale for oral mucosa evaluation and National Cancer Institute Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Oral pain was assessed using a visual analogue scale alongside assessment of patients' perceptions and daily functional activities based on the Rotterdam Symptom Checklist.. A total of 119 oral complications were reported, including mouth dryness (n=56, 47.1%), oral mucositis (n=31, 26.1%) and oral pain (n=32, 26.8%). At the end of the study, patients of group A and group B significantly suffered from mouth dryness (p=0.0001), oral mucositis (p=0.029) and oral pain (p=0.039) compared with patients in group C. Although there was no significant change, group C patients showed a slight improvement in psychological discomfort, activity levels and quality of life at the end of the study.. The present study showed that benzydamine and sodium bicarbonate mouthwashes were significantly less effective for the alleviation and treatment of oral complications compared with glutamine among patients with colon cancer receiving 5-FU-based chemotherapy regimens.

Topics: Benzydamine; Colonic Neoplasms; Fluorouracil; Glutamine; Humans; Mouthwashes; Pain; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Sodium Bicarbonate; Stomatitis; Xerostomia

Topics: Acidosis, Lactic; Adenocarcinoma; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bleomycin; Colonic Neoplasms; Cyclophosphamide; Doxorubicin; Etoposide; Fatal Outcome; Humans; Lactates; Liver; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse; Male; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Prednisone; Sodium Bicarbonate; Vincristine

A novel inhibitor of dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHO-DH) has been discovered using data from the National Cancer Institute's in vitro drug screen. Upon analysis of cytotoxicity results from the sixty tumor cell lines used in this screen, the COMPARE program predicted that NSC 665564 was likely to have the same mechanism of inhibition as brequinar, a known potent inhibitor of DHO-DH. We validated this prediction experimentally using MOLT-4 lymphoblast and found the IC50 of brequinar (0.5 microM) and NSC 665564 (0.3 microM) were comparable and that this induced cytotoxicity was reversed by either uridine or cytidine. The enzyme target of NSC 665564 was shown to be identical to that of brequinar when incubation with each drug followed by a 1 h pulse with [14C] sodium bicarbonate resulted in cellular accumulation of [14C]N-carbamyl-L-aspartic acid and [14C]L-dihydroorotic acid, with concurrent marked depletion of CTP and UTP. The Ki's for NSC 665564 and brequinar were 0.14 and 0.24 microM, respectively, when partially purified MOLT-4 mitochondria (the site of DHO-DH) were used. These results show that mechanistic predictions obtained using correlations from the COMPARE algorithm are independent of structure since the structure of NSC 665564 is dissimilar to that of other established DHO-DH inhibitors.

Topics: Antineoplastic Agents; Aspartic Acid; Biphenyl Compounds; Breast Neoplasms; Carbolines; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Central Nervous System Neoplasms; Colonic Neoplasms; Dihydroorotate Dehydrogenase; Enzyme Inhibitors; Female; Humans; Kidney Neoplasms; Kinetics; Leukemia; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Melanoma; Mitochondria; Orotic Acid; Ovarian Neoplasms; Oxidoreductases; Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; Prostatic Neoplasms; Ribonucleotides; Sodium Bicarbonate; Software; Tumor Cells, Cultured

This study was initiated to analyze the effect of a) two characterized vegetal fibers [i.e., a polysaccharide (cellulose) and a mucilaginous substance (Fybogel)], which were b) added at two concentrations (5% and 15% wt/wt), c) as constituents of low (5% wt/wt) and high (20% wt/wt) fat isocaloric diets d) given chronically to rats one week after the administration of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH); DMH had previously been injected once a week for 15 weeks to induce intestinal carcinogenesis. The dietary consumption, the body weight, and the fecal outflow showed a similar and regular evolution for the rats of all experimental groups; the exception was those receiving the 20% lipids-15% Fybogel diet. That specific diet caused a decrease in body weight concomitant with an increase in dietary consumption and in fecal outflow. The variation in fecal outflow depended on fat and fiber concentrations. The mucilage was more degraded, in absolute and relative amount, than was cellulose when this polysaccharide was included at a 20% lipid diet. Concerning the effect of these two fibers on intestinal carcinogenesis, Fybogel showed an anticarcinogenic property, whereas cellulose did not. The inhibitory activity of Fybogel was on the incidence of intestinal and colonic tumors as well as on the colonic tumor yield. Moreover, it slowed down the rate of colonic formation.

Topics: 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine; Animals; Bicarbonates; Body Weight; Cellulose; Citrates; Citric Acid; Colonic Neoplasms; Dietary Fats; Dietary Fiber; Dimethylhydrazines; Drug Combinations; Feces; Intestinal Neoplasms; Male; Plant Extracts; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Sodium Bicarbonate