Page last updated: 2024-10-21

sk&f-38393 and Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced

sk&f-38393 has been researched along with Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced in 48 studies

2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine: A selective D1 dopamine receptor agonist used primarily as a research tool.
1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol : A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-3-benzazepine bearing a phenyl substituent at position 1 and two hydroxy substituents at positions 7 and 8.
SKF 38393 : A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-SKF 38393

Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced: Abnormal movements, including HYPERKINESIS; HYPOKINESIA; TREMOR; and DYSTONIA, associated with the use of certain medications or drugs. Muscles of the face, trunk, neck, and extremities are most commonly affected. Tardive dyskinesia refers to abnormal hyperkinetic movements of the muscles of the face, tongue, and neck associated with the use of neuroleptic agents (see ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1199)

Research Excerpts

ExcerptRelevanceReference
"Haloperidol-induced VC were inhibited by the s."1.28Haloperidol-induced vacuous chewing in rats: suppression by alpha-methyl-tyrosine. ( Collu, M; Diana, M; Gessa, GL; Mura, A, 1992)
"The reserpine-treated rats also exhibited stereotypy in response to acute injection of the D1-selective agonist SKF-38393 (10 mg/kg), which was not observed in control rats."1.28Neurochemical changes associated with the persistence of spontaneous oral dyskinesia in rats following chronic reserpine treatment. ( Lucki, I; McGonigle, P; Neisewander, JL, 1991)
"Treatment with haloperidol (0."1.28Drug-induced purposeless chewing: animal model of dyskinesia or nausea? ( Iversen, SD; Rupniak, NM; Tye, SJ, 1990)

Research

Studies (48)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-199010 (20.83)18.7374
1990's16 (33.33)18.2507
2000's12 (25.00)29.6817
2010's8 (16.67)24.3611
2020's2 (4.17)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Kiessling, CY1
Lanza, K1
Feinberg, E1
Bishop, C1
Andreoli, L1
Abbaszadeh, M1
Cao, X1
Cenci, MA2
Arcuri, L1
Novello, S1
Frassineti, M1
Mercatelli, D1
Pisanò, CA1
Morella, I1
Fasano, S1
Journigan, BV1
Meyer, ME1
Polgar, WE1
Brambilla, R1
Zaveri, NT1
Morari, M1
Suárez, LM1
Solís, O1
Caramés, JM1
Taravini, IR1
Solís, JM1
Murer, MG1
Moratalla, R1
Iderberg, H1
Rylander, D1
Bimpisidis, Z1
Farré, D1
Muñoz, A2
Moreno, E2
Reyes-Resina, I1
Canet-Pons, J1
Dopeso-Reyes, IG1
Rico, AJ1
Lluís, C1
Mallol, J1
Navarro, G2
Canela, EI1
Cortés, A2
Labandeira-García, JL2
Casadó, V2
Lanciego, JL2
Franco, R2
Casadó-Anguera, V1
Petrovic, M1
Xie, CL1
Lin, JY1
Wang, MH1
Zhang, Y1
Zhang, SF1
Wang, XJ1
Liu, ZG1
Carta, AR2
Frau, L2
Pinna, A2
Morelli, M2
Fisone, G2
Aubert, I1
Guigoni, C1
Håkansson, K1
Li, Q1
Dovero, S1
Barthe, N1
Bioulac, BH1
Gross, CE2
Bloch, B1
Bezard, E2
Kovoor, A1
Seyffarth, P1
Ebert, J1
Barghshoon, S1
Chen, CK1
Schwarz, S1
Axelrod, JD1
Cheyette, BN1
Simon, MI1
Lester, HA1
Schwarz, J1
Rosengarten, H4
Bartoszyk, GD1
Quartermain, D1
Lin, Y1
Tomiyama, K1
Makihara, Y1
Yamamoto, H1
O'Sullivan, G1
Nally, RE1
Tighe, O1
Kinsella, A1
Fienberg, AA1
Grandy, DK1
Sibley, DR1
Croke, DT1
Koshikawa, N2
Waddington, JL1
Zhang, H1
Ma, L1
Wang, F1
Chen, J1
Zhen, X1
Lucia, F1
Annalisa, P1
Pontis, S1
Silvia, P1
Simola, N1
Nicola, S1
Schintu, N1
Nicoletta, S1
Micaela, M1
Schweitzer, JW3
Friedhoff, AJ3
LaHoste, GJ1
Marshall, JF1
Glenthøj, B2
Kaur, S1
Starr, MS1
Starr, BS1
Storey, E1
Cipolloni, PB1
Ferrante, RJ1
Kowall, NW1
Beal, MF1
Bolwig, TG1
Hemmingsen, R1
Ohno, Y1
Ishida-Tokuda, K1
Ishibashi, T1
Nakamura, M1
Neal-Beliveau, BS1
Joyce, JN1
Ikeda, H1
Adachi, K1
Hasegawa, M1
Sato, M1
Hirose, N1
Cools, AR2
Canales, JJ1
Iversen, SD3
Van Kampen, JM1
Stoessl, AJ1
Boraud, T1
Bioulac, B1
Naidu, PS1
Kulkarni, SK1
Peacock, L2
Gerlach, J4
Van De Witte, SV1
Groenewegen, HJ1
Voorn, P1
Diana, M1
Collu, M1
Mura, A1
Gessa, GL1
Lublin, H2
Caporali, MG1
Scotti de Carolis, A1
Popoli, P1
Spooren, WP1
Piosik, PA1
Neisewander, JL1
Lucki, I1
McGonigle, P1
Rupniak, NM2
Tye, SJ1
Boyce, S1
Steventon, MJ1
Braun, A2
Mouradian, MM2
Mohr, E1
Fabbrini, G2
Chase, TN2
Bédard, PJ2
Boucher, R2
Tamminga, CA1
Egawa, M1
Falardeau, P1
Bouchard, S1
Di Paolo, T1
Johansson, P1
Levin, E1
Gunne, L1
Ellison, G1
Kistrup, K1
Korsgaard, S1
Gerhardt, S1
Gerber, R1
Liebman, JM1

Trials

1 trial available for sk&f-38393 and Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced

ArticleYear
Selective D-1 dopamine receptor agonist effects in hyperkinetic extrapyramidal disorders.
    Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry, 1989, Volume: 52, Issue:5

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Adult; Aged; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Ben

1989

Other Studies

47 other studies available for sk&f-38393 and Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced

ArticleYear
Dopamine receptor cooperativity synergistically drives dyskinesia, motor behavior, and striatal GABA neurotransmission in hemiparkinsonian rats.
    Neuropharmacology, 2020, 09-01, Volume: 174

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Agoni

2020
Distinct patterns of dyskinetic and dystonic features following D1 or D2 receptor stimulation in a mouse model of parkinsonism.
    Neurobiology of disease, 2021, Volume: 157

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Benzimida

2021
Anti-Parkinsonian and anti-dyskinetic profiles of two novel potent and selective nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor agonists.
    British journal of pharmacology, 2018, Volume: 175, Issue:5

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Acetamides; Animals; Antiparkinson Agent

2018
L-DOPA treatment selectively restores spine density in dopamine receptor D2-expressing projection neurons in dyskinetic mice.
    Biological psychiatry, 2014, May-01, Volume: 75, Issue:9

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Cerebral

2014
Modulating mGluR5 and 5-HT1A/1B receptors to treat l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia: effects of combined treatment and possible mechanisms of action.
    Experimental neurology, 2013, Volume: 250

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; 8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin;

2013
Stronger Dopamine D1 Receptor-Mediated Neurotransmission in Dyskinesia.
    Molecular neurobiology, 2015, Volume: 52, Issue:3

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Corpus Striatu

2015
Hints on the Lateralization of Dopamine Binding to D1 Receptors in Rat Striatum.
    Molecular neurobiology, 2016, Volume: 53, Issue:8

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Benzazepines; Corpus Striatum;

2016
Inhibition of Glycogen Synthase Kinase-3β (GSK-3β) as potent therapeutic strategy to ameliorates L-dopa-induced dyskinesia in 6-OHDA parkinsonian rats.
    Scientific reports, 2016, Mar-21, Volume: 6

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Ki

2016
Dyskinetic potential of dopamine agonists is associated with different striatonigral/striatopallidal zif-268 expression.
    Experimental neurology, 2010, Volume: 224, Issue:2

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine Agoni

2010
Monitoring dyskinesia with Zif.
    Experimental neurology, 2010, Volume: 226, Issue:1

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Biomarker

2010
Increased D1 dopamine receptor signaling in levodopa-induced dyskinesia.
    Annals of neurology, 2005, Volume: 57, Issue:1

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzaze

2005
D2 dopamine receptors colocalize regulator of G-protein signaling 9-2 (RGS9-2) via the RGS9 DEP domain, and RGS9 knock-out mice develop dyskinesias associated with dopamine pathways.
    The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 2005, Feb-23, Volume: 25, Issue:8

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Antipsych

2005
The effect of chronic administration of sarizotan, 5-HT1A agonist/D3/D4 ligand, on haloperidol-induced repetitive jaw movements in rat model of tardive dyskinesia.
    Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry, 2006, Volume: 30, Issue:2

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior,

2006
Disruption of orofacial movement topographies in congenic mutants with dopamine D5 but not D4 receptor or DARPP-32 transduction 'knockout'.
    European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2006, Volume: 16, Issue:6

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Chromans; Dopamine and cAMP-Reg

2006
Chronic SKF83959 induced less severe dyskinesia and attenuated L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease.
    Neuropharmacology, 2007, Volume: 53, Issue:1

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Disease M

2007
Behavioral and biochemical correlates of the dyskinetic potential of dopaminergic agonists in the 6-OHDA lesioned rat.
    Synapse (New York, N.Y.), 2008, Volume: 62, Issue:7

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Corpus St

2008
Induction of oral dyskinesias in naive rats by D1 stimulation.
    Life sciences, 1983, Dec-19, Volume: 33, Issue:25

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Apomorphine; Benzazepines; Dysk

1983
Rapid development of D1 and D2 dopamine receptor supersensitivity as indicated by striatal and pallidal Fos expression.
    Neuroscience letters, 1994, Sep-26, Volume: 179, Issue:1-2

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Caudate Nucleus; Dopamine Agoni

1994
Persistent vacuous chewing in rats following neuroleptic treatment: relationship to dopaminergic and cholinergic function.
    Psychopharmacology, 1993, Volume: 113, Issue:2

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Apomorphi

1993
Possible genetic factors underlying the pathophysiology of tardive dyskinesia.
    Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1994, Volume: 49, Issue:3

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antiparkinson Agents; Apomorphi

1994
Role of D1 receptor mechanisms in the potentiation of motor responses to L-dopa and apomorphine by MK 801 in the reserpine-treated mouse.
    Journal of neural transmission. Parkinson's disease and dementia section, 1994, Volume: 8, Issue:1-2

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Apomorphine; Dizocilpine Maleat

1994
Movement disorder following excitotoxin lesions in primates.
    Neuroreport, 1994, Jun-02, Volume: 5, Issue:10

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Apomorphine; Dyskinesia, Drug-I

1994
Effects of chronic discontinuous and continuous treatment of rats with a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist (NNC-756).
    European journal of pharmacology, 1993, Oct-05, Volume: 242, Issue:3

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Benzazepines; Benzofurans; Dopa

1993
Effects of perospirone (SM-9018), a potential atypical neuroleptic, on dopamine D1 receptor-mediated vacuous chewing movement in rats: a role of 5-HT2 receptor blocking activity.
    Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 1997, Volume: 57, Issue:4

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Avoidance

1997
Behavioral responsitivity to dopamine receptor agonists after extensive striatal dopamine lesions during development.
    Developmental psychobiology, 1998, Volume: 32, Issue:4

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Animals,

1998
Effects of chronic haloperidol and clozapine on vacuous chewing and dopamine-mediated jaw movements in rats: evaluation of a revised animal model of tardive dyskinesia.
    Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996), 1999, Volume: 106, Issue:11-12

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal;

1999
Dynamic dopamine receptor interactions in the core and shell of nucleus accumbens differentially coordinate the expression of unconditioned motor behaviors.
    Synapse (New York, N.Y.), 2000, Jun-15, Volume: 36, Issue:4

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Benzopyrans;

2000
Dopamine D(1A) receptor function in a rodent model of tardive dyskinesia.
    Neuroscience, 2000, Volume: 101, Issue:3

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Behavior,

2000
Dopamine agonist-induced dyskinesias are correlated to both firing pattern and frequency alterations of pallidal neurones in the MPTP-treated monkey.
    Brain : a journal of neurology, 2001, Volume: 124, Issue:Pt 3

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzaze

2001
Differential role of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in isoniazid-induced vacuous chewing movements.
    Methods and findings in experimental and clinical pharmacology, 2000, Volume: 22, Issue:10

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Anticonvulsants; Antipsychotic

2000
Aberrant behavioral effects of a dopamine D1 receptor antagonist and agonist in monkeys: evidence of uncharted dopamine D1 receptor actions.
    Biological psychiatry, 2001, Oct-01, Volume: 50, Issue:7

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Arousal; Behavior, Animal; Cebu

2001
MK-801 alters the effects of priming with L-DOPA on dopamine D1 receptor-induced changes in neuropeptide mRNA levels in the rat striatal output neurons.
    Synapse (New York, N.Y.), 2002, Volume: 43, Issue:1

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dizocil

2002
Haloperidol-induced vacuous chewing in rats: suppression by alpha-methyl-tyrosine.
    European journal of pharmacology, 1992, Feb-18, Volume: 211, Issue:3

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; alpha-Methyltyrosine; Animals; Antipsych

1992
Effect of D1 and D2 agonists in primates withdrawn from long-term treatment with haloperidol: the potential role of dopamine D1 receptors in dyskinesia.
    Clinical neuropharmacology, 1992, Volume: 15, Issue:6

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal;

1992
N-ethyl-carboxamide adenosine inhibits perioral dyskinesias induced by sulpiride + SKF 38393 in rabbits.
    European journal of pharmacology, 1992, Nov-13, Volume: 223, Issue:1

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Adenosine; Adenosine-5'-(N-ethylcarboxam

1992
Dopamine D1 receptors in the sub-commissural part of the globus pallidus and their role in oro-facial dyskinesia in cats.
    European journal of pharmacology, 1991, Nov-05, Volume: 204, Issue:2

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Benzazepines; Cats; Dyskinesia,

1991
Neurochemical changes associated with the persistence of spontaneous oral dyskinesia in rats following chronic reserpine treatment.
    Brain research, 1991, Aug-30, Volume: 558, Issue:1

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Caudat

1991
Drug-induced purposeless chewing: animal model of dyskinesia or nausea?
    Psychopharmacology, 1990, Volume: 102, Issue:3

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Disease M

1990
Differential effects of D1 and D2 agonists in MPTP-treated primates: functional implications for Parkinson's disease.
    Neurology, 1990, Volume: 40, Issue:6

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzaze

1990
Effect of D1 receptor stimulation in normal and MPTP monkeys.
    Neuroscience letters, 1989, Sep-25, Volume: 104, Issue:1-2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzaze

1989
Dopamine D-1 receptor agonist stimulation of prolactin secretion in man.
    Journal of neural transmission, 1988, Volume: 71, Issue:3

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Benzazepines; Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced;

1988
Diminished D2 dopamine receptor function and the emergence of repetitive jaw movements.
    Advances in experimental medicine and biology, 1988, Volume: 235

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Benzazepines; Disease Models, A

1988
Behavioral and biochemical effect of chronic treatment with D-1 and/or D-2 dopamine agonists in MPTP monkeys.
    European journal of pharmacology, 1988, May-20, Volume: 150, Issue:1-2

    Topics: 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzaze

1988
Behavioural effects of dopamine D-1 and D-2 receptor agonists in monkeys previously treated with haloperidol.
    European journal of pharmacology, 1988, Aug-24, Volume: 153, Issue:2-3

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Apomorphine; Behavior, Animal;

1988
Opposite effects of a D1 and a D2 agonist on oral movements in rats.
    European journal of pharmacology, 1987, Jan-28, Volume: 134, Issue:1

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Benzazepines; Dyskinesia, Drug-

1987
Effect of selective D1 and D2 dopamine receptor antagonists and agonists in Cebus monkeys: implications for acute and tardive dyskinesias. A preliminary report.
    Psychopharmacology series, 1987, Volume: 3

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Acute Disease; Animals; Benzazepines; Bi

1987
SCH 23390 dissociated from conventional neuroleptics in apomorphine climbing and primate acute dyskinesia models.
    Life sciences, 1985, Dec-23, Volume: 37, Issue:25

    Topics: 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; Animals; Apomorphine; Benzazepines; Benz

1985