silicon and Skin-Diseases

Skin capacitance is an electrical property measurable at the level of the stratum corneum. Values are related to the moisture content of the tissue. Using the silicon image sensor technology, it has recently become possible to measure capacitance at 50 microm intervals on the skin surface. The resulting nonoptical picture corresponds to skin capacitance imaging. This novel tool for dermatologists highlights with precision the hollow skin surface patterns, including dermatoglyphics, the patterns of the shallow skin lines, and wrinkles. The topographic heterogeneity in skin surface hydration is made visible. In addition, the sweat gland and follicular openings are disclosed. Skin disorders induced by surfactants or presenting as hyperkeratotic areas, including some neoplasms, may show typical aspects. It is concluded that skin capacitance imaging brings added value to the clinical assessment performed by dermatologists.

Topics: Dermatoglyphics; Diagnostic Imaging; Electric Capacitance; Humans; Silicon; Skin; Skin Diseases; Surface-Active Agents

Topics: Bleomycin; Collagen Diseases; Epoxy Resins; Humans; Occupational Diseases; Polycyclic Compounds; Scleroderma, Systemic; Silicon; Silicon Dioxide; Skin Diseases; Solvents; Trichloroethylene; Vinyl Chloride

Chronic wounds require frequent dressing changes. Adhesive dressings used for this indication can be damaging to the stratum corneum, particularly in the elderly where the skin tends to be thinner. Understanding the level of damage caused by dressing removal can aid dressing selection.. This study used a novel methodology that applied a stain to the skin and measured the intensity of that stain after repeated application and removal of a series of different adhesive types. Additionally, a traditional method of measuring skin barrier damage (transepidermal water loss) was also undertaken and compared with the staining methodology.. The staining methodology and measurement of transepidermal water loss differentiated the adhesive dressings, showing that silicone adhesives caused least trauma to the skin.. The staining methodology was shown to be as effective as transepidermal water loss in detecting damage to the stratum corneum and was shown to detect disruption of the barrier earlier than the traditional technique.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bandages; Blister; Body Water; Colorimetry; Edema; Epidermis; Erythema; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Silicon; Skin Diseases; Staining and Labeling; Surgical Tape; Water Loss, Insensible

A 44-year-old woman was admitted to hospital with end-stage renal failure, productive cough, and decreased exercise tolerance. She had owned nine cats, which resulted in long-term exposure (18 years) to silica-containing bentonite cat litter. High-resolution computed tomography of the chest showed micronodular lesions in the lungs, and mild mediastinal lymphadenopathy. A lung biopsy revealed multinucleated giant cells, some of which had birefringent material and Schaumann bodies. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the presence of silicon in the lung biopsy specimen, as well as in the patient's cat litter. The pulmonary condition was suggestive of sarcoid-like lung disease, rather than silicosis, sarcoidosis, or hypersensitivity pneumonitis, according to the clinicopathological findings. Renal failure appeared to be a result of chronic hypercalcemia due to extrarenal calcitriol overproduction in activated alveolar macrophages. Ultimately, the patient was diagnosed with sarcoid-like lung disease complicated by end-stage renal failure from exposure to bentonite cat litter. Therapy with steroids, in addition to elimination of the bentonite cat litter exposure, resulted in a significant improvement in the health condition. At a follow-up visit after 4 months, an almost complete resolution of the lung lesions and a significant improvement in renal function were observed.

Topics: Bentonite; Calcitriol; Female; Humans; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Lung Diseases; Sarcoidosis; Silicon; Silicon Dioxide; Skin Diseases

To explore the source of the fine particulate matter (PM(2.5)) in the sarcoidosis granulomatous cell and the relationship between the sarcoidosis and the PM(2.5) in the atmosphere.. Paraffin-embedded tissues of 50 cases of human sarcoidosis biopsy samples, 10 cases of non-sarcoidosis autopsy lung samples, 18 cases of lung tissues (with granulomatous lesions) of rats exposed to PM(2.5) by bronchial infusion, and the free PM(2.5) sample in the atmosphere were collected. The characteristics of tissues above mentioned were observed under the light microscopy, which stained by HE staining and Warthin-Starry silver staining. The characteristics of the PM(2.5) in the four groups were analyzed using confocal Raman microscopy. The component of the PM(2.5) in the sarcoidosis granuloma was analyzed using transmission electron microscope-energy dispersive X-ray detector (TEM-EDX), and the component of the PM(2.5) in the atmosphere was analyzed with X-ray fluorescence separately.. The PM(2.5) in the four groups have the similar Raman spectrum, they share the feature of carbonaceous composition, the element component of PM(2.5) in the human sarcoidosis was the same as PM(2.5) in the atmosphere.. The study provided the further evidence that the PM(2.5) in the sarcoidosis lesion was from PM(2.5) in the atmosphere, and it should be not excepted that sarcoidosis may be a sensitive individual reaction to the PM(2.5) inhaled from the atmosphere.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Air Pollutants; Aluminum; Animals; Carbon; Child; Female; Granuloma; Granuloma, Respiratory Tract; Humans; Lung; Male; Middle Aged; Particle Size; Particulate Matter; Rats; Sarcoidosis; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary; Silicon; Skin Diseases; Spectrum Analysis, Raman; Young Adult

A case of a 28-year-old woman with infiltration of sarcoidosis scar tissue after blepharoplasty is reported. Nodules developed two times in her right upper eyelid about 1 and 2 years after blepharoplasty of both eyes and they were resected each time, but eruption recurred. Ophthalmic examination revealed aqueous flare and cells, snowball vitreous opacities, and retinal periphlebitis. A chest X-ray disclosed bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy (BHL). Laboratory studies showed an elevation of the serum angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). Light microscopy revealed epithelioid granuloma with no caseation necrosis in a biopsy specimen, Viewing through polarized light demonstrated crystalline-like foreign bodies with bi-refringence in the epithelioid granuloma. Electron microscopic X-ray microanalysis confirmed these foreign bodies to be composed of Si, Mg, and O. These findings indicate that this skin lesion was caused by an infiltration of sarcoidosis scar tissue.

Topics: Adult; Blepharoplasty; Cicatrix; Electron Probe Microanalysis; Eyelid Diseases; Female; Humans; Magnesium; Oxygen; Sarcoidosis; Silicon; Skin Diseases

A 60-year-old woman had extensive and recurrent foreign-body granulomatous inflammation of her forehead. The granulomata contained double refractile crystalline material. Electron probe roentgenographic microanalysis identified silicon, calcium, aluminum, potassium, and sulphur in the crystalline material. Silicon-rich particles are generally considered exogenous. A diagnosis of sarcoidosis was confirmed by the presence of bilateral hilar and mediastinal lymphadenopathy due to biopsy-proven nodal replacement by noninfectious noncaseating granulomata. We conclude that foreign matter may operate as a nidus for the formation of granuloma in sarcoidosis and that the presence of polarizable matter in a sarcoid granuloma does not rule out sarcoidosis.

Topics: Aluminum; Calcium; Electron Probe Microanalysis; Female; Granuloma, Foreign-Body; Humans; Middle Aged; Potassium; Sarcoidosis; Silicon; Skin Diseases; Sulfur

For 12 hours, excess hydrofluorosilicic acid was diverted to a 127-home community water supply. Fluoride levels peaked at 51 parts per million (ppm). Water acidification caused copper to leach from the domestic plumbing; raising copper levels to 25-41 ppm. Fifty-two (33 per cent) of those who drank hyperfluoridated water developed mild gastroenteritis. Vomiting was uncommon and symptom onsets usually occurred greater than 30 minutes after drinking water; suggesting that fluoride, rather than copper, caused illness. Skin contact with hyperfluoridated water caused itching and skin rashes.

Topics: Accidents, Occupational; Connecticut; Fluoridation; Fluorides; Gastroenteritis; Humans; Silicic Acid; Silicon; Skin Diseases; Water Pollution, Chemical; Water Supply

Topics: Drug Combinations; Drug Evaluation; Female; Humans; Plant Extracts; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Puerperal Disorders; Silicon; Skin Diseases

Topics: Adult; Collagen Diseases; Cytoplasm; Eyebrows; Female; Fluorescent Antibody Technique; Granuloma; Humans; Immune Sera; Immunoglobulin G; Lip; Male; Middle Aged; Silicon; Skin Diseases

Topics: Adult; Explosions; Granuloma; Humans; Male; Purpura; Silicon; Silicosis; Skin Diseases; Skin Neoplasms

Topics: Adolescent; Aluminum; Child; Child, Preschool; Eczema; Humans; Hypersensitivity; Infant; Prurigo; Silicon; Skin Diseases

Topics: Child; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Silicon; Skin Diseases; Surgery, Plastic; Wounds and Injuries

Topics: Animals; Occupational Diseases; Ointments; Silicon; Skin Diseases; Veterinary Medicine

Topics: Biological Phenomena; Humans; Proteins; Silicon; Skin; Skin Diseases

Topics: Animals; Antimony; Calcium; Calcium, Dietary; Furunculosis; Silicon; Skin Diseases; Sulfur

Topics: Clothing; Gloves, Protective; Occupational Health; Ointments; Physicians; Silicon; Skin Diseases

Topics: Castor Oil; Cellulose; Humans; Silicon; Skin Diseases

Topics: Aerosols; Dermatitis; Dermatitis, Contact; Resins, Plant; Resins, Synthetic; Silicon; Silicones; Skin Diseases

Topics: Silicon; Silicones; Skin Diseases

Topics: Ointments; Silicon; Silicones; Skin Diseases

Topics: Granuloma; Granuloma, Foreign-Body; Humans; Silicon; Skin; Skin Diseases

Topics: Dermatology; Humans; Silicon; Silicones; Skin Diseases

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Dermatologic Agents; Dermatology; Humans; Ointments; Silicon; Skin Diseases

Silicote(R) ointment was used as a protective covering for the skin in the treatment of 107 patients with various kinds of dermatologic disease. In 83 the disease was cured or effectively controlled. It was particularly effective in conditions caused or aggravated by water-soluble or oil-soluble irritants.

Topics: Humans; Ointments; Protective Agents; Protective Devices; Silicon; Silicones; Skin Diseases; Water

Topics: Foot Diseases; Silicon; Silicones; Skin Diseases

Topics: Dermatology; Humans; Silicon; Silicones; Skin Diseases

A cosmetically acceptable lotion containing a silicone protectant, a keratolytic, a bacteriocidal agent and antipruritic substances, was clinically tested in 208 persons with various dermatoses.Twenty-four-hour closed patch tests on humans and intradermal tests in laboratory animals indicate the lotion not to be a sensitizer. Subacute and chronic housewives' eczema and contact dermatitis of the hands, uncomplicated "diaper rash," periaural dermatitis due to excessive moisture, and certain hyperkeratotic dermatoses responded satisfactorily to the use of the lotion.

Topics: Animals; Cosmetics; Dermatitis, Contact; Dermatology; Diaper Rash; Eczema; Humans; Male; Patch Tests; Silicon; Silicones; Skin Diseases

Topics: Granuloma; Granuloma, Foreign-Body; Humans; Silicon; Silicon Dioxide; Skin; Skin Diseases