silicon and Arthritis

Topics: Aging; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Autoimmune Diseases; Blood Coagulation; Bone and Bones; Cartilage; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry, Physical; Connective Tissue; Embryonic and Fetal Development; Exudates and Transudates; Fibronectins; Fibrosis; Gene Expression Regulation; Glycosaminoglycans; Humans; Inflammation; Macrophages; Molecular Structure; Organ Specificity; Proteoglycans; Silicon; Wound Healing

To assess the diagnostic performance of an active-matrix flat-panel x-ray detector for reduced-dose imaging of simulated arthritic lesions.. A digital x-ray detector based on cesium iodide and amorphous silicon technology with a panel size of 43 x 43 cm, matrix of 3,000 x 3,000 pixels, pixel size of 143 micrometer, and digital output of 14 bits was used. State-of-the-art screen-film radiographs were compared with digital images obtained at doses equivalent to those obtained with system speeds of 400, 560, and 800. The phantom was composed of a human hand skeleton on an acrylic plate with drilled holes simulating bone erosions of different diameters and depths. Results of four independent observers were evaluated with receiver operating characteristic curve analysis.. The cesium iodide and amorphous silicon detector resulted in better diagnostic performance than did the screen-film combination, with the dose being the same for both modalities (P <.05). For digital images obtained at reduced doses, no significant differences were found.. The improved diagnostic performance with digital radiographs obtained with the cesium iodide and amorphous silicon detector suggests that this detector technology holds promise in terms of dose reduction for specific diagnostic tasks, without loss of diagnostic accuracy.

Topics: Arthritis; Carpal Bones; Cesium; Confidence Intervals; Equipment Design; Finger Joint; Hand; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Iodides; Likelihood Functions; Manikins; Observer Variation; Radiation Dosage; Radiographic Image Enhancement; ROC Curve; Silicon; Technology, Radiologic; Wrist Joint; X-Ray Intensifying Screens

Topics: Arteriosclerosis; Arthritis; Cellulose; Dietary Fiber; Humans; Silicon; Water Supply

Topics: Aluminum; Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Arthritis; Calcium; Edema; Guinea Pigs; Iron; Kininogens; Macrophages; Magnesium; Male; Manganese; Mice; Oxides; Phosphorus; Potassium; Rats; Silicon; Sodium; Sulfur; Time Factors; Titanium; Vascular Resistance

A method is described for the isolation and quantitation of six neutral glycosyl ceramides from human urinary sediment. Total lipids were extracted from sediments of 24-hr urine collections, and the glycosyl ceramides were isolated by silicic acid column chromatography followed by thin-layer chromatography. Methanolysis of the individual glycosyl ceramides yielded methyl glycosides which were quantitated as the trimethylsilyl ethers by gas-liquid chromatography. By this technique, the submicromolar concentrations of six glycosyl ceramides in normal subjects and in individuals with Fabry's disease, an hereditary glycosphingolipid storage disease, were determined. Trihexosyl ceramide (galactosyl-galactosylglucosyl ceramide) and a digalactosyl ceramide accumulated in the urinary sediment of patients with Fabry's disease.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Angiokeratoma; Arthritis; Cerebrosides; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloroform; Chromatography, Gas; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Female; Galactose; Glucose; Glycosides; Heterozygote; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Lactose; Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors; Lipids; Male; Methanol; Methods; Middle Aged; Silicon

Topics: Arthritis; Elapid Venoms; Formates; Silicic Acid; Silicon; Venoms

Topics: Arthritis; Formates; Silicon; Venoms