silicate-cement and Dentin--Secondary

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Dental Amalgam; Dental Cavity Lining; Dental Materials; Dental Pulp; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin, Secondary; Gold; Gold Alloys; Humans; Inlays; Silicate Cement

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Clinical Trials as Topic; Composite Resins; Dental Cavity Lining; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Test; Dentin; Dentin Sensitivity; Dentin, Secondary; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Middle Aged; Odontoblasts; Pulpitis; Silicate Cement; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Bioactivity of Bio-MA, a calcium chloride accerelator-containing calcium-silicate cement, as a pulp capping material was evaluated on mechanically exposed rat molar pulp. Sixty maxillary first molars from Wistar rats were mechanically exposed and assigned to two capping materials: Bio-MA or white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA), and three periods: 1, 7, or 30 days. Nine molars were exposed and covered with polytetrafluoroethylene tape, as positive controls. From histological examination, inflammatory cell infiltration and reparative dentin formation were evaluated using grading scores. No significant difference in pulpal responses between the two materials was observed at any period (p>0.05). At 1 day, all experimental groups showed localized mild inflammation. At 7 days, dentin bridge was partially observed at exposure sites with few inflammatory cells. At 30 days, pulp appeared normal with complete tubular dentin bridges. Bio-MA with accerelator was biocompatible similar to WMTA and could be used as a pulp-capping material.

Topics: Animals; Calcium; Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Capping; Dental Pulp Exposure; Dentin, Secondary; Drug Combinations; Pulp Capping and Pulpectomy Agents; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Silicate Cement; Silicates

Pulp capping in carious teeth has been considered unpredictable and therefore contraindicated. A recently developed material, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), resists bacterial leakage and may provide protection for the pulp, allowing repair and continued pulp vitality in teeth when used in combination with a sealed restoration.. Forty patients aged 7 to 45 years accepted pulp-capping treatment when they received a diagnosis no more severe than reversible pulpitis after undergoing cold testing and radiographic examination. The primary author removed caries using a caries detector dye and sodium hypochlorite solution for hemostasis and placed MTA over the exposures and all surrounding dentin. The operator then restored the teeth provisionally with unbonded Clearfil Photocore (Kuraray Medical, Okayama, Japan). During a second visit, the operator restored the teeth with bonded composite after sensibility testing and confirmed MTA curing. At recall appointments, patients were evaluated for reparative dentin formation, pulpal calcification, continued normal root development and evidence of pathosis.. Over an observation period of nine years, the authors followed 49 of 53 teeth and found that 97.96 percent had favorable outcomes on the basis of radiographic appearance, subjective symptoms and cold testing. All teeth in younger patients (15/15) that initially had open apexes showed completed root formation (apexogenesis).. MTA can be a reliable pulp-capping material on direct carious exposures in permanent teeth when a two-visit treatment protocol is observed.. Vital pulp therapy using MTA is a treatment option for teeth diagnosed with a condition no more severe than reversible pulpitis.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aluminum Compounds; Calcium Compounds; Child; Dental Caries; Dental Pulp Capping; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin, Secondary; Drug Combinations; Hemostatics; Humans; Kaplan-Meier Estimate; Life Tables; Middle Aged; Oxides; Pulpitis; Silicate Cement; Silicates; Sodium Hypochlorite; Treatment Outcome

Considering several reports about the similarity between the chemical compositions of the mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) and Portland cement (PC), the subject of this investigation was to analyze the behavior of dog dental pulp after pulpotomy and direct pulp protection with these materials. After pulpotomy, the pulp stumps of 26 roots of dog teeth were protected with MTA or PC. Sixty days after treatment, the animal was sacrificed and the specimens removed and prepared for histomorphological analysis. There was a complete tubular hard tissue bridge in almost all specimens. In conclusion, MTA and PC show similar comparative results when used in direct pulp protection after pulpotomy.

Topics: Aluminum Compounds; Animals; Calcium Compounds; Dental Cements; Dental Pulp Capping; Dentin, Secondary; Dogs; Drug Combinations; Oxides; Pulpotomy; Silicate Cement; Silicates; Statistics, Nonparametric; Wound Healing

This study evaluated the pulp response to a tri-cure resin-modified glass ionomer cement and compared this response to those elicited by a zinc oxide-eugenol cement and a silicate cement. Materials were placed in nonexposed class V cavity preparations on human teeth.. Sixty premolars were selected in orthodontic patients in a voluntary group of teenagers. All cavities were prepared according to International Dental Federation specifications. Resin-modified glass ionomer and silicate applications were carried out according to the manufacturers' instructions.. All teeth were asymptomatic. Pulp responses to the resin-modified glass ionomer cement were slightly greater than to the zinc-oxide-eugenol cement. Bacterial staining attempts were inconclusive with regard to time intervals and pulp responses. No necrotic pulps were seen in any teeth.. The tri-cure resin-modified glass ionomer cement elicited a slightly greater adverse pulp response than did the zinc-oxide-eugenol cement with respect to the healing process of the pulp.

Topics: Composite Resins; Dental Pulp; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin, Secondary; Drug Combinations; Eugenol; Formaldehyde; Glass Ionomer Cements; Humans; Silicate Cement; Zinc Oxide; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Class V cavities with mechanical exposures were prepared in 178 teeth of seven monkeys to observe the temporal healing of exposed pulps in direct contact with various dental materials, with or without a biologic seal of zinc-oxide eugenol cement against microleakage. Thirty pulps were direct capped as calcium hydroxide controls. The remaining 148 exposures were direct capped, 41 with silicate, 39 with zinc phosphate, 33 with amalgam, and 35 with an auto-cured composite. Sixty-four were restored to their cavosurface margin with their respective material and 84 were sealed to the covosurface margin with zinc-oxide eugenol cement. Tissues were obtained by perfusion fixation at intervals of 35, 21, 14, 10, 5, and 3 days, and then processed and evaluated. The results of this study demonstrated that exposed dental pulps possess an inherent healing capacity, allowing cell reorganization and dentin bridge formation when adequately sealed with zinc-oxide eugenol cement to prevent bacterial microleakage.

Topics: Animals; Biocompatible Materials; Calcium Hydroxide; Composite Resins; Dental Amalgam; Dental Leakage; Dental Materials; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Capping; Dentin, Secondary; Macaca nemestrina; Silicate Cement; Wound Healing; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; Zinc Phosphate Cement

This study was designed to observe the healing and bridging capacity of mechanically exposed pulps that were capped with silicate or zinc phosphate cements and biologically sealed with zinc oxide-eugenol cement to exclude bacteria. In six monkeys, Class V facial cavities with pulpal exposures were randomly distributed throughout 105 teeth, of which 80 were directly capped, 40 with silicate cement and 40 with zinc phosphate cement. Twenty of each group were filled to the cavosurface margin with the respective cement and 20 were surface sealed to the cavosurface margin with zinc oxide-eugenol cement. The remaining 25 exposures were capped with calcium hydroxide and amalgam as controls. Tissues were obtained by perfusion fixation after intervals of 21, 14, 10, 5 and 3 days. The 25 pulps capped with calcium hydroxide showed cell migration and organization at 5 days and dentinal matrix deposition at 10 days. At 3 and 5 days, all exposures in the experimental groups showed clot resolution. At 10 days, fibroblasts had stratified against the cement interface. At 14 days, pulps in both experimental groups showed new dentinal bridge formation directly adjacent to the acidic cements. The 21-day experimentally capped and sealed pulps presented healing similar to the controls. This study indicates that acidic components of silicate and Zinc phosphate cements are not directly responsible for pulpal inflammation or necrosis. The exposed dental pulp possesses an inherent healing capacity for cell reorganization and dentinal bridge formation when a bacterial seal is provided.

Topics: Animals; Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Exposure; Dentin, Secondary; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Longitudinal Studies; Macaca nemestrina; Silicate Cement; Wound Healing; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; Zinc Phosphate Cement

Results of this study showed no correlation between the thickness or amount of reparative dentin deposited and the type of dental restorative material placed at either 5 or 8 weeks in controlled Class V cavity preparations in monkey teeth. Factors such as preparation trauma from the bur, operator hand instrumentation, and microleakage of bacterial toxins played a greater role in the stimulation of reparative dentin than did material irritation or toxicity. Some differences in the thickness of the reparative dentin deposited were noted when teeth were grouped according to the amount of remaining dentin.

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Calcium Hydroxide; Composite Resins; Dental Amalgam; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dentin, Secondary; Macaca mulatta; Regression Analysis; Silicate Cement; Terminology as Topic; Time Factors; Wound Healing; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Pulpal response to marginal enamel etching or both enamel and dentine etching with 37% phosphoric acid for adhesive composite restorations was studied in the teeth of the Japanese monkey (Macaca fuscata). Dentine etching irritated the pulp and caused moderate to severe initial changes along the odontoblastic layer at 3 days. When no bacteria were present along the cavity walls, the subsequent pulpal reactions at 30 and 90 days decreased with time and large amounts of irritation dentine were formed. These inflammatory reactions were less than those caused by enamel etching only, or zinc oxide/eugenol cement. Significant correlation (P less than 0.01) was found between the intensity of the inflammatory reactions and the degree of bacterial infection. The pulpal irritation caused by acid etching of dentine for composite restorations is transitory only when the fillings have a good marginal seal and wall adaptation.

Topics: Acid Etching, Dental; Adhesives; Animals; Bacteria; Composite Resins; Dental Bonding; Dental Enamel; Dental Pulp; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin; Dentin, Secondary; Macaca; Odontoblasts; Phosphoric Acids; Pulpitis; Resin Cements; Silicate Cement; Time Factors; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Deep buccal cavities in 99 teeth in eight young monkeys were filled with the following combination of materials: a light-cured microfilled composite with or without a base, a chemically cured composite with a base, a silicate cement, and a zinc oxide-eugenol cement. The acid etch technique and intermediate layer of resin was used in the composite group. Pulp reactions and presence and location of bacteria were studied after 8 days and after 90 days. In the short observation period the inflammatory reactions were more pronounced when unlined composite fillings were evaluated compared with silicate cement fillings and with lined fillings. Bacteria were seen in all unlined cavities and a significant association between presence of bacteria and moderate to severe inflammatory responses was found. The most severe inflammatory reactions were seen when bacteria were found in the dentinal tubules. After 90 days slight inflammatory changes prevailed in all groups. A significant correlation between bacteria and inflammatory reactions could still be observed.

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Animals; Bacteria; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; Calcium Hydroxide; Cercopithecus; Composite Resins; Dental Cavity Lining; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Cements; Dental Pulp; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin, Secondary; Silicate Cement; Time Factors; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Topics: Animals; Chlorocebus aethiops; Dentin, Secondary; Odontoblasts; Silicate Cement; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

In the assessment of pulpal responses to dental materials there is no general agreement regarding which system should be used in the selection of histologic sections for assessment and which negative and positive control materials should be used. The present study is an evaluation, on 227 sections, of two pulpal assessment systems and three section-selection methods using a negative (zinc oxide and eugenol cement) and a positive (silicate) control material. The results indicate that, depending on which system is used, considerable variation in response can be noted. Better standardization of methods is necessary.

Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Dentin; Dentin, Secondary; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Haplorhini; Silicate Cement; Time Factors; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

This study showed a statistically significant difference between the microhardness of reparative and primary dentin at both five-and eight-week intervals. Reparative dentin from occlusal trauma is harder than reparative dentin underlying a cavity preparation at the 99% level. No statistical difference was noted in the hardness of reparative dentin underlying different materials, but trends were observed.

Topics: Animals; Calcium Hydroxide; Composite Resins; Dental Amalgam; Dental Materials; Dentin; Dentin, Secondary; Haplorhini; Hardness; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Silicate Cement

Analysis of these results shows that complete hard tissue bridges, aside from occurring with great frequency, produce a satisfactory protection to the pulp. In a case in which the barrier is incomplete, some future clinical problems may result as an incomplete barrier does not offer adequate protection as shown by the chronic inflammatory reaction in the remaining pulp tissue.

Topics: Animals; Calcium Hydroxide; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Capping; Dentin Permeability; Dentin, Secondary; Haplorhini; Pulpotomy; Silicate Cement; Tooth Permeability; Zinc Phosphate Cement

Topics: Animals; Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; Dental Pulp; Dentin, Secondary; Germ-Free Life; Pulpitis; Rats; Silicate Cement; Zinc Phosphate Cement

Silicate cement was inserted in deep unlined cavities in 70 human teeth; 35 cavities were cleaned with an antibacterial cleanser, and the other 35 cavities in the contralateral teeth were treated with water spray only. In all teeth, invasion of bacteria from the tooth surface was prevented with a surface seal. Histologic examinations after 4 weeks revealed bacterial growth on dentinal walls in 9 of the uncleaned and in 2 cleaned cavities. Only in these 11 teeth was an inflammatory reaction seen in the pulp. Under eight cavities without bacterial growth and with silicate cement placed directly on an exposed pulp, no serious injury and no inflammatory reactions were observed. It was concluded that silicate cement per se does not seriously irritate the pulp. Infection of cavity walls should be avoided, not only by removing grinding debris and antibacterial cleansing, but also by use of a liner to prevent invasion of bacteria from the surface of the tooth.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Exposure; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin; Dentin, Secondary; Humans; Pulpitis; Silicate Cement; Sodium Fluoride

Pulpal response of three bis glycol methacrylate composite resins, Smile, Simulate and Experimental Composite no. 2 were tested on primary and permanent monkey teeth using zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) and silicate as controls. All materials were placed in Class V cavity preparations in Rhesus monkey teeth and evaluated at 3 days and 5 and 8 weeks. The materials were randomly placed in anterior and posterior teeth utilizing 75 primary and 75 permanent teeth. Following perfusion the teeth were prepared by routine histological procedures. The 3 day response of the composite resins was moderate, characterized by disruption of the odontoblasts, vacuolization and mild inflammatory response underlying the cavity. At 5 weeks the formation of reparative dentin and a decrease in the inflammatory response was similar for all resins observed. At 8 weeks a slight increase in reparative dentin and continued decrease in inflammation was noted when compared to the 5 weeks responses. At all time intervals ZOE produced the least pulpal response while silicate produced the most severe response.

Topics: Animals; Composite Resins; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Pulp; Dentin; Dentin, Secondary; Haplorhini; Macaca mulatta; Methacrylates; Odontoblasts; Silicate Cement; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Topics: Animals; Blood Vessels; Calcium Hydroxide; Composite Resins; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Pulp; Dentin; Dentin, Secondary; Fibroblasts; Haplorhini; Neurons; Odontoblasts; Polycarboxylate Cement; Root Canal Filling Materials; Silicate Cement; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Topics: Acrylic Resins; Animals; Dental Cavity Lining; Dental Materials; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dentin, Secondary; Glass; Haplorhini; Periapical Abscess; Silicate Cement; Time Factors; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Topics: Dental Pulp; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin, Secondary; Humans; Hyperemia; Microscopy; Odontoblasts; Pulpitis; Silicate Cement; Time Factors; Tooth

Topics: Child; Child, Preschool; Dental Caries; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dentin Solubility; Dentin, Secondary; Dentition; Humans; Silicate Cement; Tooth, Deciduous; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; Zinc Phosphate Cement

Topics: Acrylates; Acrylic Resins; Dental Cavity Lining; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Diseases; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dentin, Secondary; Glass; Hemorrhage; Humans; Hydroxyapatites; In Vitro Techniques; Polymers; Silicate Cement; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement

Topics: Calcium Hydroxide; Child; Crowns; Dental Cavity Preparation; Dental Pulp Calcification; Dental Pulp Necrosis; Dental Pulp Test; Dentin, Secondary; Humans; Male; Orthodontics, Corrective; Pulpotomy; Radiography; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Therapy; Silicate Cement; Tooth Discoloration; Tooth Fractures; Tooth Root; Zinc Phosphate Cement

Topics: Aging; Dental Amalgam; Dental Caries; Dental Materials; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Diseases; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dental Restoration, Temporary; Dentin; Dentin Sensitivity; Dentin, Secondary; Dentinogenesis; Gold; Gutta-Percha; Humans; Pharmacology; Silicate Cement; Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; Zinc Phosphate Cement