sildenafil-citrate and Sexually-Transmitted-Diseases

Methamphetamine (meth) use has been shown in the literature to be associated with high-risk sexual behavior for both homosexual (MSM) and heterosexual samples for over a decade. The use of Viagra has also been shown to be associated with high-risk sexual behavior. The purpose of this review is to update the record on Viagra and on the combination of Viagra and meth use.. There is now strong evidence that the use of Viagra is associated with HIV seroconversion in MSM. The combination of taking both meth and Viagra is strongly associated with much higher sexually transmitted disease and HIV rates. There is some evidence that Viagra is associated with insertive and meth is associated with receptive anal intercourse by men.. The evidence is strong to support the relationship between Viagra use and HIV seroconversion now that more sophisticated analyses have been done. The meth-Viagra recreational drug combination is of very high risk. More research is needed to generate longitudinal and event-level data that are necessary to answer fine-grained questions about drug combinations and the relationship with sexual behavior.

Topics: HIV Infections; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Male; Methamphetamine; Piperazines; Purines; Risk-Taking; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfones

To determine the rates of sildenafil (Viagra) use among different populations, primarily among men who have sex with men, and to measure the association of sildenafil use with increased sexual risk behavior and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.. The National Center for Biotechnology Information PubMed was searched using a variety of terms for relevant publications from January 1999 to July 2004. In addition, all scientific abstracts from national and international conferences on STDs from January 1999 to July 2004 were searched. Relevant journal articles and scientific abstracts presenting original data and meeting given criteria were included.. Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Seven of the 11 studies in men who have sex with men showed sildenafil use rates >10% (range 3%-32%). Increased odds of unprotected anal sex with a partner of unknown or serodiscordant HIV status ranged from 2.0 to 5.7 times (mean = 3.9) for sildenafil users versus nonusers. The risk of sildenafil use and STD diagnosis among HIV-positive men who have sex with men was 1.92 (P = 0.05), and the odds of sildenafil use among those newly HIV infected was 2.5 (95% CI 1.1-4.1).. Most studies reported frequent sildenafil use in men who have sex with men, and several showed independent associations between use of the drug and sexual risk behavior, as well as an increased risk for STDs, including incident HIV infection. Although future research among more varied participants is needed, these results warrant a multi-faceted response to reduce the misuse of sildenafil and its consequences, particularly among men who have sex with men.

Topics: Comorbidity; Heterosexuality; HIV Infections; Homosexuality; Humans; Male; Piperazines; Purines; Risk-Taking; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Substance-Related Disorders; Sulfones

This original study compares the prevalences of drug use for any purpose and for sexualized drug use (SDU) among MSM. It also describes relevant characteristics of first SDU, analyzes to what extent SDU has been the first experience (the gateway) with different drugs by age and explores the correlates of SDU. Study participants included 2,919 HIV-negative MSM attending four HIV/STI diagnosis services in Madrid and Barcelona. They answered an online, self-administered questionnaire. Poisson regression models with robust variance were used. About 81.4% had ever used any drug, and 71.9% had done so in the last-12-months, while 56% had ever engaged in SDU, and 50% had done so in the last-12-months. Participants under 25 years old had the lowest prevalences of SDU, and the 25-39 age group the highest, except for Viagra, which was higher among those over age 40. The most frequently used drugs for first SDU were poppers (53.6%), cannabis (19.6%) and Viagra (12.2%). These drugs were also the most ever consumed for SDU. Among sexualized users, methamphetamine (78.3%) and Mephedrone (75.4%) were used always/most of the times for sex in the last-12-months. Around 72.2% of Mephedrone sexualized users and 69.6% of Methamphetamine vs 23.1% of ecstasy users' first consumption of these drugs involved use for sex. These drugs were provided to them free where they have sex for 66.8, 79.1, and 31.9%, respectively. On that occasion, 8.1% of Mephedrone, 6.8% of Methamphetamine and 18.4% of ecstasy users had sex only with steady partner; with 50.2, 56.2, and 26.2% respectively using a condom with any partner. SDU in the first use was associated with similar variables for recreational and chemsex drugs. The highest prevalence ratios were for having ever been penetrated by >20 men and having ever injected drugs. It can be concluded that the prevalence of SDU was more than half of the prevalence for any purpose. Thus SDU was the gateway to use for many drugs in an important proportion of users, who frequently consumed drugs that were free and had condomless anal sex with occasional and multiple partners. These circumstances were much more common for chemsex than for recreational drugs.

Topics: Adult; Child, Preschool; HIV Infections; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Male; Methamphetamine; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Substance-Related Disorders

To describe the prevalence of medication use to assist sexual performance in Britain and to identify associated factors.. Cross-sectional probability sample, undertaken in 2010-2012, of 15 162 people aged 16-74 years, resident in Britain, of whom, 5617 men and 8095 women reported sexual experience (ever) and 4817 men were sexually-active (reported sex in the last year).. Ever use of medication to assist sexual performance (medicated sex) was more commonly reported by men than women (12.9% (95% CI 11.9% to 13.9%) vs 1.9% (95% CI 1.7% to 2.3%)) and associated with older age in men and younger age in women. It was associated with reporting smoking, and use of alcohol and recreational drugs, as well as unsafe sex (≥2 partners and no condom use in the last year) in both men and women. Among men, the proportion reporting medicated sex in the last year was higher among those reporting erectile difficulties (ED) than those not doing so (28.4% (95% CI 24.4% to 32.8%) vs 4.1% (95% CI 3.4% to 4.9%)). In all men, medicated sex was associated with more frequent sexual activity, meeting a partner on the internet, unsafe sex and recent sexually transmitted infections diagnosis; associations that persisted after adjusting for same-sex behaviour and ED. However, there were significant interactions with reporting ED, indicating that among men with ED, medicated sex is not associated with same-sex behaviour and ever use of recreational drugs.. A substantial minority of people in Britain report medicated sex, and the association between medicated sex and risky sexual behaviour is not confined to high-risk groups.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Health Surveys; Humans; Male; Methamphetamine; Middle Aged; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; Prevalence; Risk-Taking; Sexual Behavior; Sexual Partners; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Testosterone; United Kingdom; Unsafe Sex

Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Methamphetamine; Phosphodiesterase 5 Inhibitors; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Testosterone; Unsafe Sex

The purpose of this study was to explore attitudes about condoms that may affect condom use by heterosexual men ages 50 and older who were sexually active and currently using prescribed oral phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor medications (Viagra(®), Cialis(®), or Levitra(®)) for treatment of erectile dysfunction. The study was part of a larger study that explored the need for safer-sex health promotion and education for these men. Fifty men completed factor subscales of the Condom Attitude Scale. Subscales were scored and analyzed. Positive factors were found with regard to the Interpersonal Impact, Inhibition, Perceived Risk, Perceived Seriousness, and Global Attitudes subscales. Factors with negative or neutral responses included the Effect on Sexual Experience, Relationship Safety, and Promiscuity subscales. Independent t tests revealed no differences between married and nonmarried men for the mean score on any of the subscales, but there was a difference on the Global Attitude Scale, with younger men having a more positive global attitude than older men. Study findings can be used in the development of health promotion educational activities on condom use as a safer-sex practice.

Topics: Carbolines; Condoms; Erectile Dysfunction; Female; Health Behavior; Health Promotion; Heterosexuality; Humans; Imidazoles; Male; Middle Aged; Piperazines; Purines; Safe Sex; Sexual Partners; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfones; Tadalafil; Triazines; Vardenafil Dihydrochloride; Vasodilator Agents

We assessed whether widowhood is associated with risk of diagnosis with a sexually transmitted infection (STI) among older adults in the United States and whether the associations observed in men differed before and after the introduction of sildenafil, the first oral erectile dysfunction medication approved by the Food and Drug Administration.. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to analyze the time to first STI diagnosis in a random sample of married, Medicare-eligible couples aged 67 to 99 years in 1993 (N = 420 790 couples).. Twenty-one percent of male and 43% of female participants lost a spouse during the 9-year study period. Only 0.65% of men and 0.97% of women were diagnosed with an STI. Widowhood was associated with an increased risk of STI diagnosis for men only, with the largest effects found 0.5 to 1 year after a wife's death. Effects for men were larger after the introduction of sildenafil.. Widowhood in older men, but not women, increased the risk for STIs, especially in the postsildenafil era. Clinicians should address sexual health issues with older patients, especially bereaved men taking erectile dysfunction medications.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Female; Humans; Male; Piperazines; Prevalence; Proportional Hazards Models; Purines; Risk Factors; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Spouses; Sulfones; Time Factors; United States; Vasodilator Agents; Widowhood

Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Patient Education as Topic; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Piperazines; Purines; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Substance-Related Disorders; Sulfones

Topics: Comorbidity; Humans; Male; Piperazines; Purines; Risk-Taking; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Substance-Related Disorders; Sulfones

There is too little good news about sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and sexual risk-taking behavior in the United States, and that continues to worry public health officials and HIV researchers.

Topics: Herpes Genitalis; HIV Infections; Humans; Piperazines; Public Health; Purines; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfones; United States

The study aims were to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of sexual risk behaviors and urethral sexually transmitted disease (STD) among males entering care for HIV infection and to examine if sildenafil prescriptions are associated with potentially transmitting sexual risk behavior (PTSRB). The research design included (1) self-administered questionnaire of symptoms of sexually transmitted infection (STI), number of recent sex partners, unprotected sexual risk behaviors, use of drugs/alcohol during sex, and HIV disclosure; (2) urine gonorrhea/chlamydia polymerase chain reaction (PCR); and (3) record review for sildenafil prescriptions. A PTSRB was defined as insertive anal, vaginal, or oral sex without a condom. Between March 2001 and March 2002, 413 entrants were surveyed. The prevalence of positive urine PCR among those with and without urethral symptoms was 16.7% and 2.4%, respectively. Fifty-one percent met criteria for PTSRB during the preceding month. Those reporting PTSRB were more likely to report multiple partners. In a multiple logistic regression model, the following were significant (p < 0.05) predictors of PTSRB: drug or alcohol use during sex; white race; only male partners, and sildenafil use. Drug use during sex was associated both with more sex partners and more sexual risk behaviors. Always disclosing HIV status was associated with fewer partners. There was a high prevalence of PTSRB among HIV-infected males entering care. Men who have sex with men (MSM), white race, drug/alcohol use during sex, and sildenafil use were independent risk factors. PTSRB was associated with having multiple partners. Physicians should discuss risk behaviors before prescribing sildenafil.

Topics: Adult; California; Chlamydia Infections; Gonorrhea; HIV Infections; Humans; Logistic Models; Male; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Piperazines; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Purines; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfones; Urethral Diseases

Topics: Drug Labeling; HIV Infections; Humans; Piperazines; Purines; San Francisco; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfones

The potential role of sildenafil (Viagra) in the risk of HIV and sexually transmitted disease (STD) transmission was evaluated among gay or bisexual men seeking public STD services in San Francisco. Viagra users reported greater numbers of recent sex partners, higher levels of unprotected anal sex with an HIV-positive partner, and higher rates of prevalent STD than non-users. Moreover, mixing Viagra with illicit drugs was commonly reported. Further studies are needed to determine whether a causal role exists.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bisexuality; Disease Transmission, Infectious; HIV Infections; Homosexuality, Male; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Piperazines; Purines; Risk Factors; San Francisco; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfones; Vasodilator Agents

Topics: Drug Labeling; Humans; Piperazines; Purines; Risk Factors; San Francisco; Sexual Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfones

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Erectile Dysfunction; Female; Humans; Male; Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; Piperazines; Purines; Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Sildenafil Citrate; Sulfones