saroglitazar and Retinal-Neovascularization

Diabetic retinopathy is a serious complication of diabetes, marked by retinal vascular damage, inflammation, and angiogenesis. This study's objective was to assess the potential benefits of saroglitazar, a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha/gamma (PPAR-α/γ) agonist in diabetic retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy was induced by streptozotocin in Sprague Dawley rats. The effect of saroglitazar was also assessed in the oxygen-induced retinopathy model in newborn rats and VEGF-induced angiogenesis in the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. Treatment of saroglitazar (1 and 4 mg/kg, oral) for 12 weeks significantly ameliorated retinal vascular leakage and leukostasis in the diabetic rats. Saroglitazar decreased oxidative stress, VEGF receptor signalling, NF-κBp65, and ICAM-1 in the retina of diabetic rats. The beneficial effects of saroglitazar (1 and 4 mg/kg, oral) were also observed on the neovascularization in oxygen-induced retinopathy in newborn rats. Saroglitazar also reduced VEGF-induced angiogenesis in CAM assay. This study reveals that saroglitazar has the potential to prevent the progression of retinopathy in diabetic patients.

Topics: Angiogenesis Inhibitors; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Chick Embryo; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Retinopathy; Female; Hyperoxia; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; Male; Neovascularization, Physiologic; Oxidative Stress; Phenylpropionates; PPAR alpha; PPAR gamma; Pyrroles; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor; Retina; Retinal Neovascularization; Retinal Vessels; Signal Transduction; Streptozocin; Transcription Factor RelA