salicylates and Synovitis

Study of the early stages of osteoarthritis (OA) in humans presents numerous difficulties, since the patient commonly does not seek medical attention until pathologic changes are far advanced and articular cartilage has already been extensively lost. Investigators have, therefore, used animal models to obtain information about the early changes in articular cartilage, bone, and synovium. Among the most widely studied of these models is the cruciate-deficient dog. This report validates the cruciate-deficient dog as a model of progressive OA and emphasizes that, before full-thickness loss of articular cartilage, OA is marked by a phase of cartilage hypertrophy associated with a striking increase in synthesis of matrix macromolecules by the chondrocyte (compensatory repair). It reviews evidence that some nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and deafferentation of the unstable limb may accelerate cartilage loss in OA, and examines the relationship of synovitis and of changes in subchondral bone to the changes in articular cartilage.

Topics: Animals; Anterior Cruciate Ligament; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Bone and Bones; Denervation; Disease Models, Animal; Dogs; Hindlimb; Osteoarthritis; Radiography; Salicylates; Synovitis; Wound Healing

Topics: Arthroplasty; Aspirin; Cathepsins; Debridement; Humans; Joint Dislocations; Joint Prosthesis; Knee; Osteoarthritis; Patella; Salicylates; Synovitis

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Atrophy; Betamethasone; Drug Interactions; Glucocorticoids; History, 20th Century; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Infections; Injections, Intra-Articular; Joint Diseases; Methylprednisolone; Necrosis; Osteoporosis; Peptic Ulcer; Prednisolone; Prednisone; Rheumatic Diseases; Salicylates; Skin Diseases; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synovitis; Triamcinolone; Vascular Diseases

In this two-week study, Benoral tablets, at a 4.5 g daily dosage were compared with a matching placebo in 20 patients suffering from sports injury. Four assessments were made: pain at rest, pain on movement, tenderness and soft tissue swelling. In each case the active treatment group (benorylate) was statistically greater than that in the placebo group at one week and after two weeks' treatment.

Topics: Athletic Injuries; Bursitis; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Pain; Placebos; Salicylates; Synovitis; Tablets

This study examined the efficacy of sodium salicylate for providing analgesia in an amphotericin B-induced bovine synovitis-arthritis model using 10 male Holstein calves, 4 to 6 mo old and weighing approximately 250 kg. The study used a repeated measures partial crossover design with 2 phases, consisting of 3 treatment periods within each phase. Calves were blocked by body weight and randomly assigned to the sodium salicylate (50 mg/kg i.v.) or placebo group for phase 1. In period 1, lameness induction was simulated with a needle prick of the coronary band, followed by drug or placebo administration. At predetermined time points, serial blood samples for cortisol and salicylate concentrations, electrodermal activity measurements, heart rates, and pressure mat data were collected. Visual lameness scores were recorded by an observer blinded to treatments. In period 2, lameness was induced with injection of amphotericin B into the distal interphalangeal joint, followed by drug or placebo administration, with sample collection as described previously. In period 3, the drug or placebo was administered to the respective calves with sample collection. After a 10-d washout period, phase 2 was conducted with treatments crossed over between groups. Cortisol and salicylate samples were analyzed by competitive chemiluminescent immunoassay and fluorescence polarization immunoassay, respectively. The pharmacokinetic data were analyzed using compartmental analysis. Mean intravenous salicylate apparent volume of distribution was 0.2 +/- 0.005 L/kg, total body clearance was 4.3 +/- 0.2 mL/min.kg, and elimination half-life was 36.9 +/- 1.2 min. The repeated measures data were analyzed based on a univariate split-plot approach with a random effects-mixed model. Differences in stance phase duration and serum cortisol concentration values were seen both between periods and between treatment group x periods; differences in heart rate, contact surface area, and contact pressure values were seen between periods, suggesting that our lameness model was effective. No differences were seen between treatment groups. When analyzed by visual lameness score, differences were seen in heart rate, contact surface area, contact pressure, and cortisol concentrations. Area under the time-effect curves, determined by using the trapezoidal rule, had results similar to the repeated measures data, except for a difference in period for electrodermal activity. This amphotericin B-induced synovitis-

Topics: Amphotericin B; Animals; Arthritis; Cattle; Cattle Diseases; Hydrocortisone; Lameness, Animal; Male; Random Allocation; Salicylates; Sodium Salicylate; Synovitis; Treatment Outcome

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Arthritis; Cartilage, Articular; Chondrocalcinosis; Chronic Disease; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Gout; Humans; Knee; Male; Middle Aged; Phenylbutazone; Prognosis; Pubic Symphysis; Radiography; Salicylates; Synovial Fluid; Synovial Membrane; Synovitis; Wrist

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspirin; Bursitis; Humans; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis; Psoriasis; Salicylates; Synovial Fluid; Synovitis; Time Factors

Topics: Aged; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; Female; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Lymphoma; Polymyalgia Rheumatica; Prednisolone; Salicylates; Synovitis

Topics: Arthritis, Juvenile; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Female; Glucocorticoids; Humans; Hydroxychloroquine; Indomethacin; Male; Phenylbutazone; Salicylates; Synovitis

Topics: Arthritis; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Cervical Vertebrae; Cortisone; Deglutition Disorders; Hoarseness; Humans; Larynx; Pathology; Prednisone; Salicylates; Spinal Cord Compression; Synovitis; Voice; Wrist

Topics: Analgesics; Disease; Humans; Injections, Intra-Articular; Knee; Knee Joint; Salicylates; Synovitis