salicylates and Proteinuria

Topics: Bilirubin; Chemistry Techniques, Analytical; Cystinuria; Glycosuria; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Ketone Bodies; Occult Blood; Phenylketonurias; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Urinalysis; Urine

Quantitative estimation of proteinuria done by the refractometric method was compared with that done by the sulphosalycilic acid method and biuret method in 102 urine samples. The analysis of results by students' t test showed no statistically significant difference between the three methods. It is concluded that quantitative estimation of urinary protein excretion by refractometric method is a simple cheap and reliable method and can be performed easily in the outpatient clinic. The instrument is quite handy and can be carried in the pocket.

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Biuret Reaction; Humans; Proteinuria; Refractometry; Salicylates

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Aged; Bacteriuria; Female; Hematuria; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; Occupations; Personnel, Hospital; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis; Salicylates; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine

The existence of proteinuria may be overlooked by applying the test strips. The aim of this study has been to determine the discrepancy between the findings ofproteinuria detected by test strips when compared to the results of its testing with the sulfosali- cylic acid.. The study sample consisted of 1106 subjects, who were divided into the proteinuria positive (test strips showed the presence of isolated proteinuria), and proteinuria negative group (microscopic examination revealed the presence of ≥10 fresh red blood cells4sL, and/or ≥1 dysmorphic erythrocyte/μL, and/or 10≥ leukocytes4uL, and or ≥1 cylinder, and/or ≥ 1 nonsquamous epithelial cells4μL, and/or ≥100 bacteria/μL). Both groups had the urine tested with sulfosalicylic acid. The chemical and microscopic examination of the urine was done by the analyzer LabUMat-UriSed.. Proteinuria was confirmed with the sulfosalicylic acid test in 96.5% ofsublects from group I and in 85.3% ofsubiects from group 2. Among the patients with the negative finding of proteinuria on the test strip and with the positive sulfosalicylic acid test there was a significantly higher number of those with pathological findings of erythrocytes, leukocytes, bacteria and cylinders in the urine when compared to those of the same group with negative sulfosalicylic acid test.. Sulfosalicylic acid test should be performed in cases of pathological microscopic findings in the urine in case of the presence of ≥10 fresh erythrocytes4iL and/or ≥ 1 dysmorphic eryth- rocyte/pL and/or 10≥ leukocytes/μL and/or 1≥ cylinder (except hyaline) and/or ≥1 nonsquamous epithelial cells/pL and/or≥ 100 bacterial pL even if the test strip examination is negative for proteinuria.

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Urinalysis

Podocyte effacement and the reformation of foot processes and slit diaphragms can be induced within minutes experimentally. Therefore, it seems likely that the slit diaphragm proteins underlie orchestrated recycling mechanisms under the control of posttranslational modifiers. One of these modifiers, SUMO (small ubiquitin-like modifier), is an ubiquitin-like protein with a 20% corresponding identity to ubiquitin. Modification by SUMOs to proteins on lysine residues can block the ubiquitination of the same site leading to the stabilization of the target protein. Here we found in vitro and in vivo that nephrin is a substrate modified by SUMO proteins thereby increasing its steady-state level and expression at the plasma membrane. A conversion of lysines to arginines at positions 1114 and 1224 of the intracellular tail of murine nephrin led to decreased stability of nephrin, decreased expression at the plasma membrane, and decreased PI3K/AKT signaling. Furthermore, treatment of podocytes with the SUMOylation inhibitor ginkgolic acid led to reduced membrane expression of nephrin. Similarly, the conversion of lysine to arginine at position 1100 of human nephrin caused decreased stability and expression at the plasma membrane. As SUMOylation is a reversible process, our results suggest that SUMOylation participates in the tight orchestration of nephrin turnover at the slit diaphragm.

Topics: Animals; Arginine; Cell Membrane; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Kidney Glomerulus; Lysine; Male; Membrane Proteins; Mice; Podocytes; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Signal Transduction; Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins; Sumoylation; Transfection; Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes

We report two cases of immunoglobulin light chain proteinuria (Bence Jones proteinuria) detected by simple side-room invest-igations: urine dipstick negative/1+, but with strong positive pre-cipitation on addition of an equal volume of sulphosalicylic acid (SSA) 3%. We highlight a significant limitation of urine dipstick testing, namely specificity for albumin, and the utility of SSA testing for the detection of urinary free light chain immunoglobulins.

Topics: Albumins; Benzenesulfonates; Biomarkers; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Urinalysis

Cystinuria is an autosomal recessive disorder characterized with abnormal tubular reabsorption of cystine and dibasic amino acids leading to cystine urolithiasis. The classical form is caused by mutations in the SLC3A1 gene (OMIM 220100). The cornerstone of the treatment is high hydration and alkalization of the urine to achieve urine pH between 7.0 and 7.5, at which point, cystine solubility in the urine is optimal. These measures very often fail, and thus addition of sulfhydryl agents like penicillamine and tiopronin (mercaptopropionyl glycine) is recommended. Herein, we report a 3-year-old boy with cystinuria resulting in recurrent nephrolithiasis requiring surgery and extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy. Nine months after introduction of tiopronin, the boy manifested generalized edema, oliguria, and biochemical indices of nephrotic syndrome. Tiopronin was withdrawn, and the boy was given only supportive treatment. Within 10 days, he entered into clinical and biochemical remission. Pediatricians should be aware of this adverse effect of tiopronin, and therefore, testing of the urine with strips or sulfosalicylic acid at least once weekly at home may be very helpful for early detection of proteinuria.

Topics: Amino Acids, Sulfur; Benzenesulfonates; Child, Preschool; Cystinuria; Edema; Humans; Lithotripsy; Male; Nephrolithiasis; Nephrotic Syndrome; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Tiopronin

To evaluate the use of dipstick, sulfosalicylic acid (SSA), and urine protein-to-creatinine ratio (UP:C) methods for use in detection of canine and feline albuminuria.. Evaluation study.. 599 canine and 347 feline urine samples.. Urine was analyzed by use of dipstick, SSA, and UP:C methods; results were compared with those for a species-specific ELISA to determine sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value, and positive and negative likelihood ratios.. Positive results for dipstick and SSA tests (trace reaction or greater) in canine urine had moderate specificity (dipstick, 81.2%; SSA, 73.3%) and poor PPV (dipstick, 34.0%; SSA, 41.8%). Values improved when stronger positive results (>or= 2+) for the dipstick and SSA tests were compared with ELISA results (specificity, 98.9% and 99.0% for the urine dipstick and SSA tests, respectively; PPV, 90.7% and 90.2% for the dipstick and SSA tests, respectively). Data obtained for cats revealed poor specificity (dipstick, 11.0%; SSA, 25.4%) and PPV (dipstick, 55.6%; SSA, 46.9%). Values improved slightly when stronger positive test results (>or= 2+) were used (specificity, 80.0% and 94.2% for the dipstick and SSA tests, respectively; PPV, 63.5% and 65.2% for the dipstick and SSA tests, respectively). The UP:C had high specificity for albuminuria in dogs and cats (99.7% and 99.2%, respectively) but low sensitivity (28.7% and 2.0%, respectively).. Caution should be used when interpreting a positive test result of a dipstick or SSA test for canine or feline albuminuria.

Topics: Albuminuria; Animals; Benzenesulfonates; Cat Diseases; Cats; Creatinine; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Proteinuria; Reagent Strips; Salicylates; Sensitivity and Specificity; Species Specificity

A sudden hearing loss in a woman on aspirin has uncovered a frequently neglected toxicological parameter.

Topics: Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Aspirin; Disease Progression; Female; Hearing Loss; Humans; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Tinnitus

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Proteinuria; Salicylates

To compare the accuracy of semi quantitative methods for estimation of protein and sugar in urine as shown by their agreement with the quantitative estimation. Hundred randomly collected samples of urine were analysed for levels of protein and sugar. Protein estimation was dine by dipstick and sulphosalicylic acid method (SSA) and sugar by dipstick and Benedict's semi-quantitative methods. Kappa analysis was done on Epi Info 6.03 software to assess the agreement of these semi quantitative methods with the quantitative estimation. Neither of the two tests for urine protein, dipstick or SSA, showed good agreement with the quantitative estimation (Kappa coefficient: 0.26 and 0.07 respectively). However, the dipstick was significantly better than SSA (p < 0.05). For urine sugar, both dipstick and Benedict's tests showed good agreement with the quantitative estimation (Kappa coefficient: 0.78 and 0.84 respectively). The difference between them was insignificant. Results demonstrate that for urine protein, dipstick or SSA show poor agreement with quantitative values. For urine sugar estimation, Benedict's semi-quantitative test shows good agreement with the quantitative values and is as good as the dipstick method.

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Carbohydrates; Globulins; Humans; Proteins; Proteinuria; Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; Reagent Strips; Salicylates; Urinalysis; Urine

Screening for proteinuria is widely recommended in the monitoring of pregnancy in order to detect preeclampsia. The method often used in primary health care centers (urine heated with acetic acid) has often attained results of over 50% positive cases. This result indicates a considerable lack of specificity outside highly endemic, for urinary schistosomiasis areas. The sulfosalicylic acid test (SSA) represents a simple, reliable and inexpensive alternative. In order to validade this procedure in the conditions of a primary mother and child health (MCH) center, results of the SSA method were compared with standard commercial strip tests a. in a well equipped Swiss laboratory, b. in a school setting in Northern Cameroon. The proportion of agreement between the two methods was 82% (CI 66-98) and 90% (CI 83-96) respectively. The relatively easy implementation of the SSA test in a MCH center in an urban area in Southern Mali lead to results more compatible with what was expected epidemiologically (less than 5% from positive to highly positive results). This experiment confirms that the SSA technique is a simple method, easy to demonstrate and implement, as well as inexpensive. Consequences for monitoring of pregnancies in such conditions are finally discussed.

Topics: Allied Health Personnel; Benzenesulfonates; Cameroon; Female; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Mali; Maternal-Child Health Centers; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Primary Health Care; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Sensitivity and Specificity

We determined total blood protein (TBP) and total urine protein (TUP) in healthy subjects and urolithiasis (UL) patients with renal calculi of different chemical composition: phosphate (CaP), oxalate (CaOx) and urate (HUr). We discussed the peculiarities of TBP and TUP distribution curves obtained and showed that the data on TBP and TUP do not make it possible to reliably single out patients with UL or determine the chemical composition of calculi in their kidneys. However, it was established that the comparison of TUP measurement results for UL patients using the Ponseau-S and sulfosalicylic acid methods makes it possible to reliably separate patients with Ca-containing calculi (CaP and CaOx) from those with HUr calculi. The explanation to this phenomenon using the data on the fractional composition of TUP and the organic matrix of those patients' calculi is given.

Topics: Azo Compounds; Benzenesulfonates; Blood Proteins; Coloring Agents; Humans; Kidney Calculi; Oxalates; Phosphates; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Solvents; Uric Acid

The effect of a single oral dose (1 g) of acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) on renal function and hepatic enzymes as well as prothrombin time was studied in two series of experiments on normal human volunteers. Radioimmunoassay of albumin and beta 2-microglobulin excretion rates in urine revealed a statistically significant increase in both beta 2-microglobulin and albumin excretion rates within 2 h after dosage. Hepatic enzymes were not influenced by a single dose of ASA, while a statistically significant reduction in prothrombin time was registered. High-pressure liquid chromatography was used for measuring serum levels of ASA and salicylic acid (SA). Peak levels of 500 mumol/l and 150 mumol/l for SA and ASA, respectively, were found.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Alanine Transaminase; Albuminuria; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Aspirin; beta 2-Microglobulin; Female; Humans; Kidney; Liver; Male; Middle Aged; Proteinuria; Prothrombin Time; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid

Topics: Aged; Benzenesulfonates; False Negative Reactions; Humans; Immunoglobulin kappa-Chains; Immunoglobulin Light Chains; Male; Multiple Myeloma; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Bromphenol Blue; Cephalosporins; Humans; Proteinuria; Salicylates

In simultaneous assays of urinary proteins by the Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 (CBB) and the sulfosalicylic acid (SSA) methods, we noticed that about 18% of samples showed about twice higher protein values by the former method than by the latter. Some urinary proteins are soluble in SSA and react with CBB. Examinations with sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed that these proteins migrated in 13 protein bands having relative molecular masses ranging from 15 000 to 230 000. The protein corresponding to the most intensely stained band in urine samples from the patients studied (with malignant tumors, renal disorders, etc.) had an Mr of 45 000; that in the pattern for healthy subjects had an Mr of 94 000. The former was identified as alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, the latter as Tamm-Horsfall mucoprotein.

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; False Positive Reactions; Humans; Molecular Weight; Mucoproteins; Orosomucoid; Proteinuria; Rosaniline Dyes; Salicylates; Uromodulin

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Centrifugation; Chemical Precipitation; False Positive Reactions; Filtration; Humans; Microchemistry; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Adolescent; Benzenesulfonates; Benzidines; Child; Child, Preschool; Chromatography, Paper; Hematuria; Humans; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Proteinuria may be the initial manifestation of serious renal disease or merely a laboratory finding of little clinical importance. Excretion of urinary protein in excess of 150 mg per 24 hours in an adult is abnormal. It may be of glomerular, tubular or overflow origin. A comparison of the dipstick and sulfosalicylic acid techniques helps distinguish the source of protein, and electrophoresis is confirmatory. Transient and intermittent proteinuria are not clinically important. Persistent proteinuria requires further investigation.

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Child; Edema; Electrophoresis; Humans; Hypertension; Kidney Diseases; Methods; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Urinary Tract Infections; Urine

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Humans; Lasers; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Solvents; Spectrophotometry; Sulfates

We have tested the characteristics of the method of Iwata and Nishikaze (Clin Chem 25: 1317, 1979). The linearity, sensitivity, and precision are satisfactory and the reactivity of benzethonium chloride with various proteins (albumin, immunoglobulins) is the same. The method has been compared with Meulemans's technique (Clin Chim Acta 5: 757, 1960), routinely used in our laboratories, by analysis of 82 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and 119 samples of urine. Our results for cerebrospinal fluid agree well with those of Iwata and Nishikaze (r = 0.976; y = 0.992x - 0.013), but we find their method unsuitable for urinary protein determination, probably because of interfering compounds in urine.

Topics: Albumins; Benzenesulfonates; Benzethonium; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Immunoglobulins; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Proteins; Proteinuria; Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; Salicylates; Spectrophotometry

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Humans; Methods; Molecular Weight; Proteinuria; Rosaniline Dyes; Salicylates

The study consists in adapting three methods allowing estimation of proteins in cerebrospinal fluid and urine on a centrifugal analyser. Colorimetric technic with coomassie blue and turbidimetric technics with trichloracetic and sulfosalicylic acids are compared by statistic methods.

Topics: Autoanalysis; Benzenesulfonates; Centrifugation; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Humans; Proteinuria; Rosaniline Dyes; Salicylates; Trichloroacetic Acid

To assess the effects of long-term aspirin ingestion on renal function, we studied all of the patients at the Massachusetts General Hospital Arthritis Clinic who had been taking aspirin continuously for ten or more years. Aspirin ingestion was documented by multiple, random, unannounced blood salicylate levels. Most of these 46 patients had seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. All creatinine and BUN levels were normal. Maximum recorded specific gravities were greater than 1.019 in 43 of 46 patients. These data suggest that long-term salicylate ingestion does not cause renal damage.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Aspirin; Creatinine; Female; History, 17th Century; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Diseases; Male; Nephritis, Interstitial; Proteinuria; Random Allocation; Salicylates; Time Factors

Our examination of urine components separated by gel filtration revealed the presence of an inhibitor that decreases the analytical recovery of protein in a turbidimetric assay involving sulfosalicylic acid as reagent (Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 92: 748, 1956). The apparent relative molecular mass of this inhibitor was in the range 160 000-240 000. A study with purified proteins showed a similar inhibition by gamma-globulin, glycoprotein, and beta-lipoprotein in the assay of albumin by the same turbidimetric method. In contrast, measurement of protein by a dye binding method was not affected by these materials. The low values for apparent urinary protein given by the turbidimetric method as compared with those by the dye-binding method are at least partly ascribable to the inhibitor.

Topics: Albuminuria; Benzenesulfonates; Chromatography, Gel; Humans; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Proteinuria; Rosaniline Dyes; Salicylates; Urine

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Humans; Methods; Phosphotungstic Acid; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Two types of urine protein dipsticks and the sulfosalicylic acid method were compared for their accuracy and specificity, with use of urine samples supplemented with various proteins. Dipsticks yield accurate results when the protein under consideration is restricted to albumin; the sulfosalicylic acid method accurately determines many kinds of proteins in addition to albumin. Detergents affect each of the methods, but changes in salt concentration only affect results by dipstick procedures. Dipsticks, which are based on the protein-error principle for indicators, are subject to some of the conditions that apply to the bromcresol green method for serum albumin determination.

Topics: Albuminuria; False Negative Reactions; False Positive Reactions; Methods; Proteinuria; Reagent Strips; Salicylates

Patients with asymptomatic proteinuria have varied reasons for the proteinuria and travel diverse courses. In the individual with normal renal function and no systemic cause, ie, idiopathic asymptomatic proteinuria, the outlook is generally favorable. Microscopic hematuria probably raises some degree of question about prognosis. The kidney shows normal glomeruli, subtle changes, or an identifiable lesion. The initial approach includes a clinical and laboratory search for systemic disease, repeated urinalyses, quantitative measurements of proteinuria, determination of creatinine clearance, protein electrophoresis where indicated, and intravenous pyelography. The need for regularly scheduled follow-up evaluation is emphasized. Although the initial approach need not include renal biopsy, a decline in creatinine clearance, an increase in proteinuria, or both are indications for biopsy and consideration of drug therapy.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bence Jones Protein; Benzenesulfonates; Biopsy; Creatinine; Electrophoresis; Female; Humans; Kidney; Male; Middle Aged; Posture; Prognosis; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Bilirubin; Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Evaluation Studies as Topic; gamma-Globulins; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Kinetics; Methods; Microchemistry; Protein Binding; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Serum Albumin; Spectrophotometry; Sulfadiazine; Sulfisoxazole; Trichloroacetic Acid

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Albuminuria; Animals; Chemical Precipitation; Child; Child, Preschool; Electrophoresis; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Hot Temperature; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Indicators and Reagents; Male; Methods; Middle Aged; Nitrites; Proteinuria; Rabbits; Salicylates; Sulfanilamides

Topics: Adolescent; Antibodies, Antinuclear; Arthritis, Juvenile; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autopsy; Biopsy; Blood Pressure; Child; Child, Preschool; Creatinine; Cryoglobulins; Female; Gold; Humans; Infant; Kidney; Kidney Function Tests; Male; Phenylbutazone; Proteinuria; Rheumatoid Factor; Salicylates; Time Factors

Topics: Animals; Cattle; Colorimetry; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Methods; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Sulfonic Acids

Topics: Analysis of Variance; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Mass Screening; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Sulfonic Acids

Topics: Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Glucose; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Sulfates

Topics: Adult; Aged; Bone Diseases; Cadmium Poisoning; Chromatography, Gel; Electrophoresis, Disc; Humans; Middle Aged; Poisoning; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Trichloroacetic Acid

Topics: Adult; Analgesics; Bacteriuria; Creatinine; Family Characteristics; Female; Hematuria; Humans; Kidney; Middle Aged; Occupations; Organ Size; Phenacetin; Prospective Studies; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Smoking; Specific Gravity; Switzerland; Urine; Urologic Diseases

Topics: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Female; Fever; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Infant; Macroglobulins; Male; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Adolescent; Amyloidosis; Arthritis, Juvenile; Female; Hematuria; Humans; Indomethacin; Kidney; Liver; Methylprednisolone; Penicillins; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Humans; Methods; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Chloroquine; Follow-Up Studies; Histological Techniques; Humans; Kidney; Kidney Function Tests; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic; Nephritis; Prednisone; Prognosis; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Acetates; Bence Jones Protein; Chromatography; Colorimetry; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Immunodiffusion; Immunoelectrophoresis; Kidney Diseases; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Allopurinol; Colchicine; Crystallization; Diagnosis, Differential; Diet Therapy; Gout; Humans; Indomethacin; Joint Diseases; Kidney Diseases; Kidneys, Artificial; Phenylbutazone; Probenecid; Proteinuria; Purines; Radiography; Salicylates; Steroids; Sulfinpyrazone; Uric Acid

Topics: Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Bacteriuria; Creatinine; Female; Hematuria; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Phenacetin; Proteinuria; Retrospective Studies; Salicylates; Switzerland; Urologic Diseases

Topics: Bence Jones Protein; Chemical Precipitation; Humans; Methods; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Bacteriuria; Culture Media; Female; Genital Diseases, Female; Humans; Mass Screening; Nitrites; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; Proteinuria; Pyelonephritis; Pyuria; Salicylates; Urine

Topics: Coloring Agents; Humans; Mass Screening; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Indicators and Reagents; Kidney Function Tests; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Sulfates

Four patients who had ingested large amounts of phenacetin-salicylate medications were studied during a 12-month period. Renal failure had progressed slowly over a number of years. All patients took the drug because of psychogenic headache. Considerable skill was required to elicit the history of drug habituation. The major features of the nephropathy were multiple episodes of metabolic acidosis, minimal proteinuria, pyuria but no bacteriuria, and polyuria and polydipsia early in the course of drug ingestion. Papillary necrosis was not a prominent clinical feature of this series. Discontinuation of drug ingestion by one patient was associated with recovery of a considerable degree of renal function. Preliminary experimental evidence obtained in the dog suggests that salicylate impaired the efficiency of the counter-current multiplier by decreasing sodium transport in the ascending limb of Henle, and decreased the permeability to water of the distal convoluted and collecting tubule; phenacetin had no such effect.

Topics: Acidosis; Animals; Aspirin; Bacteriuria; Biological Transport; Caffeine; Codeine; Dogs; Drug Therapy; Headache; Humans; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Papillary Necrosis; Kidney Tubules; Metabolism; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasms; Phenacetin; Polyuria; Proteinuria; Pyuria; Salicylates; Sodium; Toxicology

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Proteinuria; Salicylates

Topics: Amino Acids; Gentisates; Glucuronates; Glutamates; Glycosuria; Kidney; Metabolism; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Proteinuria; Rats; Renal Aminoacidurias; Research; Salicylates; Toxicology; Urine

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Humans; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Urinalysis

Topics: Analgesics; Gentisates; Humans; Kidney; Nephrosis; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Sodium; Sodium Salicylate