salicylates and Pre-Eclampsia

Topics: Acidosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bilirubin; Blood Transfusion; Erythroblastosis, Fetal; Female; Gestational Age; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia; Hypoproteinemia; Hypoxia; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Infections; Infusions, Parenteral; Jaundice, Neonatal; Kernicterus; Liver; Phototherapy; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Salicylates; Serum Albumin; Steroids; Sulfisoxazole

Women who have had preeclampsia demonstrate microvascular endothelial-dysfunction, mediated in part by reduced nitric oxide (NO)-dependent dilation. Preeclamptic pregnancies are associated with elevated inflammation, and inhibition of inflammation attenuates endothelial damage in animal models of preeclampsia. However, it is unclear if inhibition of vascular inflammation improves endothelial function in women after a preeclamptic pregnancy. Using the cutaneous microcirculation as a model, we hypothesized that acute systemic inhibition of vascular inflammation (oral salsalate; 1500 mg/twice daily, 4 days) would improve endothelium- and NO-dependent vasodilation in women with a history of preeclampsia (PE) but not in women with a history of uncomplicated pregnancy (HC). Twelve HC (30 ± 1yrs, 10 ± 2 months postpartum) and 10 PE (30 ± 2yrs, 8 ± 2 months postpartum) participated in a double-blind placebo-controlled study. Following each treatment, 2 intradermal microdialysis fibers were placed in the skin of the ventral forearm for graded infusion of acetylcholine (Ach, 10

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Double-Blind Method; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Humans; Microcirculation; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Salicylates; Skin

Topics: Adult; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Aspirin; Choroidal Neovascularization; Female; Fluorescein Angiography; Humans; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Salicylates; Treatment Outcome; Visual Acuity

Screening for proteinuria is widely recommended in the monitoring of pregnancy in order to detect preeclampsia. The method often used in primary health care centers (urine heated with acetic acid) has often attained results of over 50% positive cases. This result indicates a considerable lack of specificity outside highly endemic, for urinary schistosomiasis areas. The sulfosalicylic acid test (SSA) represents a simple, reliable and inexpensive alternative. In order to validade this procedure in the conditions of a primary mother and child health (MCH) center, results of the SSA method were compared with standard commercial strip tests a. in a well equipped Swiss laboratory, b. in a school setting in Northern Cameroon. The proportion of agreement between the two methods was 82% (CI 66-98) and 90% (CI 83-96) respectively. The relatively easy implementation of the SSA test in a MCH center in an urban area in Southern Mali lead to results more compatible with what was expected epidemiologically (less than 5% from positive to highly positive results). This experiment confirms that the SSA technique is a simple method, easy to demonstrate and implement, as well as inexpensive. Consequences for monitoring of pregnancies in such conditions are finally discussed.

Topics: Allied Health Personnel; Benzenesulfonates; Cameroon; Female; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Mali; Maternal-Child Health Centers; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Primary Health Care; Proteinuria; Salicylates; Sensitivity and Specificity

The formation of thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in maternal and foetal cord serum was measured at birth in eight control patients and in 13 patients taking 100 mg of a slow-release formulation of acetylsalicylic acid. The serum concentrations of TXB2 (a stable end product of TXA2 hydrolysis) in both maternal and cord serum from patients who ingested the acetylsalicylic acid formulation were significantly lower (P < 0.01) than those in control subjects. Acetylsalicylic acid was not detected (< 30 ng ml-1) in maternal plasma from six mothers and in cord plasma from seven foetuses in the acetylsalicylic acid-treated group. The mean cord to maternal plasma concentration ratios for detectable acetylsalicylic acid and salicylate were 0.62 +/- 0.19 (s.d.) (n = 6) and 0.84 +/- 0.16 (n = 13), respectively. We conclude that low doses of acetylsalicylic acid given in a slow-release form to mothers during pregnancy cause depression of TXA2 formation in the foetal blood.

Topics: Adult; Aspirin; Delayed-Action Preparations; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Indicators and Reagents; Infant, Newborn; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Risk; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Thromboxane A2

Topics: Aspirin; Dipyridamole; Epoprostenol; Female; Hemostasis; Humans; Imidazoles; Pre-Eclampsia; Pregnancy; Prostaglandins; Salicylates