salicylates and Nausea

A double-blind study of 43 patients undergoing excision of haemorrhoids under spinal anaesthesia was carried out to compare the analgesic effects of diflunisal (DFL, 21 patients) and dextropropoxyphene napsylate (DPN, 22 patients) on post-operative pain. Eleven patients (25%) reported no significant pain during the study indicating that they had needed no analgesic medication (4 in the DFL group and 7 in the DPN group). Thus 17 patients in the DFL group and 15 patients in the DPN group contributed to the analysis data. Seven patients in the DFL group and 9 patients in the DPN group needed additional analgesic therapy on the day of surgery. After the day of surgery the analgesic effect of both of the test medications was sufficient but DFL proved to provide slightly better pain relief than DPN. Two patients in each study group had mild adverse reactions including vomiting and epigastric pain, which were probably drug related. It is concluded that both DFL and DPN are safe and sufficiently effective treatments for pain after haemorrhoidectomy but not until one day after surgery.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Benzilates; Benzophenones; Dextropropoxyphene; Diflunisal; Dipyrone; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Female; Hemorrhoids; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nausea; Pain; Postoperative Period; Random Allocation; Salicylates; Vomiting

Sixty-four patients with proven ulcerative colitis who had been maintained on sulphasalazine as their sole form of treatment for a minimum period of one year were entered into a controlled trial of sulphasalazine versus dummy tablets for a period of six months. All the patients admitted were not only symptom-free but also showed no evidence of inflammation on sigmoidoscopy and rectal biopsy. A patient was judged to have relapsed when there was a recurrence of colitic symptoms accompanied by sigmoidoscopic and histological evidence of inflammation. The patients who received dummy tablets had more than four times the relapse rate of those receiving sulphasalazine. The results were similar in patients who had been on maintenance treatment with sulphasalazine for less than three years before entry into the trial and in those who had been on this treatment for more than three years. It is concluded that maintenance treatment of ulcerative colitis with sulphasalazine should be continued indefinitely unless contraindicated by side effects.

Topics: Biopsy; Blood Cell Count; Blood Sedimentation; Clinical Trials as Topic; Colitis, Ulcerative; Headache; Hemoglobins; Humans; Inflammation; Nausea; Placebos; Prednisolone; Psychology; Rectum; Remission, Spontaneous; Salicylates; Sigmoidoscopy; Sulfasalazine

Topics: Administration, Topical; Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Nausea; Salicylates; Tinnitus; Warts

Understanding of the pharmacologic principles and the pathogenesis of salicylate toxicity provides a basis for the optimization of clinical management. The role of salicylate as a scientifically proven cause of Reye's syndrome remains controversial despite epidemiologic data. The management guidelines discussed illustrate treatment details based on the pathophysiology of salicylate toxicity.

Topics: Absorption; Acidosis; Blood-Brain Barrier; Brain; Charcoal; Child, Preschool; Fluid Therapy; Gastric Lavage; Glucose; Humans; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Hypoglycemia; Infant; Kinetics; Nausea; Respiratory Center; Reye Syndrome; Salicylates

To evaluate the relative severity of acute vs chronic salicylate poisoning in children, 112 cases (65 acute and 47 chronic) of salicylate poisoning (salicylate concentration greater than or equal to 20 mg/100 ml) admitted to The Children's Hospital Medical Center in Boston and Primary Children's Medical Center in Salt Lake City between the years 1967 and 1978 were analyzed. Hyperventilation (P less than .01), dehydration (P less than .001), and severe central nervous system manifestations (P less than .001) occurred more frequently in the chronic group and remained more frequent (P less than .01) when patients having disease states capable of producing these signs and symptoms were removed from statistical analysis. At three separate salicylate concentration ranges (20 to 39, 40 to 59, and greater than or equal to 60 mg/100 ml) hyperventilation, dehydration, and severe CNS manifestations tended to occur with greater frequency in the chronic group. When severity of salicylate poisoning was categorized based on a combination of signs and symptoms, mild cases occurred more frequently in the chronic group. Finally, systemic acidosis (pH less than 7.32) was found more frequently in the chronic group (P less than .01), more frequently in patients with severe manifestations than in those with mild manifestations, and in patients with dehydration (P less than .01) and severe CNS manifestations (P less than .05). Based on the variables evaluated, chronic salicylism produces a greater morbidity than does acute salicylate poisoning in the pediatric patient.

Topics: Acidosis; Acute Disease; Adolescent; Central Nervous System Diseases; Child; Child, Preschool; Chronic Disease; Dehydration; Female; Humans; Hyperventilation; Infant; Male; Nausea; Salicylates; Vomiting

Topics: Administration, Oral; Administration, Topical; Fever; Humans; Nausea; Psoriasis; Salicylates; Vertigo

52 outpatients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis were given benorylate (as the 40% suspension) in doses of up to 8 g daily. Peroids of medication were varied but some patients were given the drug for nearly 2 years. Assessments of clinical progress were made at regular intervals by recording both subjective and objective measurements including duration of morning stiffness, grip strength, joint size. Laboratory investigations include renal function tests, liver function tests, blood picture and occult blood. No serious side effect, attributable to benorylate was reported and it was concluded that the drug is satisfactory for the long term treatment of rheumatic diseases.

Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Drug Evaluation; Dyspepsia; Humans; Nausea; Osteoarthritis; Rheumatic Diseases; Salicylates; Urea; Vomiting

Two and three Dow Cordis Hollow Fiber and Gambro Lundia artificial kidneys were used for high efficiency dialysis in large patients, intoxications, and for rapid ultrafiltration. BUN clearances of up to 240 ml/min were achieved. One episode of severe neuropathy occurred during high efficiency dialysis, and hypotensive episodes were more common. High efficiency dialysis has certain indications particularly in intoxication cases. However, because of possible side effects more experience is needed before its ultimate place in the treatment of uremia can be ascertained.

Topics: Barbiturates; Blood Urea Nitrogen; Body Weight; Calcium; Creatinine; Edema; Headache; Humans; Hypotension; Kidneys, Artificial; Nausea; Phenobarbital; Phenytoin; Poisoning; Primidone; Renal Dialysis; Salicylates; Substance-Related Disorders; Ultrafiltration; Uremia; Uric Acid

Topics: Alanine Transaminase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Eosinophilia; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Humans; Nausea; Salicylates; Vomiting

Topics: Acetanilides; Analgesics; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Blood Sedimentation; Chronic Disease; Edema; Female; Finger Joint; Fingers; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Muscle Contraction; Nausea; Pain; Physical Exertion; Salicylates; Suspensions