salicylates and Intellectual-Disability

Independent investigations of Feingold's K-P diet have not produced consistent results. Even the most carefully designed experiments by Connors et al. resulted in an internal inconsistency; namely, the results differed, depending on the order in which the control and K-P diets were used. This study involved a double-blind, crossover design with random assignment to treatment and control groups. Subjects were drawn from a residential mentally handicapped population. There was no significant difference between Feingold's K-P diet and the control diet regarding the specific dependent variables of general activity, attention span, and excitability.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Attention; Child; Child, Preschool; Double-Blind Method; Food Additives; Humans; Hyperkinesis; Intellectual Disability; Salicylates

The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of a 0.12% chlorhexidine mouthrinse and an essential oil mouthrinse on plaque accumulation and gingivitis in mentally handicapped adults over a one-year period. Twenty-seven institutionalized mentally handicapped adults participated. Gingival index (GI), plaque index (PI), and probing depths (PD) were recorded and an ultrasonic scaling was performed (Baseline 1). GI, PI, and PD were again recorded after 2 weeks (Baseline 2). Patients were then assigned to either the chlorhexidine or essential oil mouthrinse group. The patients rinsed twice daily under supervision with their assigned mouthrinse while maintaining their attempts at daily brushing. GI and PI were recorded at monthly intervals for 12 months, while the PD was recorded only at Baseline 1 and 2 and at 12 months. A paired t-test was used to compare differences between the parameters at Baseline 1 and Baseline 2. A 2-factor repeated measure ANOVA was performed on each parameter after the Baseline 2 evaluation. A statistically significant decrease in the probing depth occurred as a result of ultrasonic scaling; however, no significant changes in the PI or GI occurred. Both mouthrinses produced a significant improvement in the GI after one month. Despite the improvement, the GI was still indicative of disease. Over the 12 months no further significant improvement in the GI occurred. A statistically significant improvement in the PI occurred in the chlorhexidine group at month 1, but returned to Baseline 2 levels over the 12 months. No improvement in the PI occurred in the essential oil group. The probing depths remained the same over the 12 months.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adult; Chlorhexidine; Dental Care for Disabled; Dental Plaque; Dental Plaque Index; Dental Scaling; Drug Combinations; Female; Gingival Pocket; Gingivitis; Humans; Institutionalization; Intellectual Disability; Male; Middle Aged; Mouthwashes; Oils, Volatile; Periodontal Index; Salicylates; Terpenes; Ultrasonic Therapy

Steroid sulfatase (STS)-deficient X-linked ichthyosis was diagnosed in a man with short stature and mental retardation. His generation includes five similarly affected male members. A translocation chromosome is segregating in this Newfoundland kindred. The proband's mother and grandmother have normal skin and are of normal intelligence. From his carrier mother, the proband inherited an X short arm (Xp) to Y long arm (Yq) translocation chromosome, with the entire Y short arm and the X short arm terminal segment deleted (Xp223-pter). His cells are completely deficient in STS activity, confirming assignment of the STS locus to Xp223-pter. Effective management of his ichthyosis included treatment with 6% salicylic acid gel under plastic occlusion and removal of the scales by scrubbing.

Topics: Adult; Child; Chromosome Aberrations; Chromosome Deletion; Female; Gels; Genetic Linkage; Humans; Ichthyosis; Intellectual Disability; Male; Pedigree; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Skin; Steryl-Sulfatase; Sulfatases; Translocation, Genetic; X Chromosome

Topics: Adolescent; Anorexia Nervosa; Child, Preschool; Diagnosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Dysautonomia, Familial; Female; Glomerular Filtration Rate; Humans; Infant; Intellectual Disability; Intestinal Polyps; Male; Osteoma; Ovarian Neoplasms; Poisoning; Salicylates; Sarcoma; Testicular Neoplasms; Uremia; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaginal Neoplasms; Wilms Tumor