salicylates and Glomerulonephritis

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents ( NSAIA ) are increasingly used in clinical practice. They exert the majority of their therapeutic and adverse effects by inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis. A variety of clinically important side effects have been described following their administration. We review the renal complications, which include sodium retention, interference with the effectiveness of diuretics, impairment of water excretion, development of hyperkalemia, interference with the therapy of hypertension, and induction of at least four different forms of renal failure. The hemodynamic variety of renal failure and the side effects affecting fluid and electrolyte homeostasis are most likely to become manifest in the context of conditions leading to decreased renal perfusion. Guidelines for use of NSAIA , detection of patients at risk, and therapeutic approaches are provided.

Topics: Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Aged; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Blood Pressure; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hyperkalemia; Hyponatremia; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Papillary Necrosis; Male; Middle Aged; Nephritis, Interstitial; Prostaglandin Antagonists; Prostaglandins; Risk; Salicylates; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Group A, type 12 streptococcal cell membranes were extracted by aqueous lithium diiodosalicylate (LIS) and the extract treated with trifluorotrichloroethane (Genetron). An initial component was isolated (GLCM) which was soluble in aqueous buffer, but was heavily contaminated with LIS. Dialysis of GLCM vs. 0.01 M Tris-EDTA (TE) buffer yielded a weakly antigenic component, TE-GLCM, with negligible contamination by LIS. Subsequent dialysis of TE-GLCM vs. isotonic calcium chloride produced two fractions, a soluble one (CMS) and a precipitate (CMP). It was demonstrated that CMS possessed immunological characteristics distinct from TE-GLCM and CMP. CMS was shown to be a calcium dependent antigen, and immunologically related to human glomerular basement membrane (GBM) antigens.

Topics: Amino Acids; Antigens, Bacterial; Basement Membrane; Calcium; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Iodobenzoates; Kidney Glomerulus; Salicylates; Streptococcus pyogenes

Topics: Benzenesulfonates; Blood Proteins; Child; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Polarography; Salicylates

Topics: Adult; Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Salicylates

The nature of the original renal disease was determined in 403 consecutive cases of end-stage renal failure, in 317 of which the clinical diagnosis was corroborated by histological examination of the kidney. Five diseases accounted for 20 or more cases--glomerulonephritis (31% of the total), analgesic nephropathy (29%), primary vesicoureteral reflux (8%), essential hypertension (6%), and polycystic kidneys (5%). In only four cases did renal failure result from chronic pyelonephritis without a demonstrable primary cause. Greater use of micturating cystography and cystoscopy and routine urine testing for salicylate are advocated for earlier diagnosis of the major causes of "pyelonephritis". The incidence of end-stage renal failure in people aged 15-55 in New South Wales was estimated to be at least 34 new cases per million of total population each year.

Topics: Acetaminophen; Adult; Analgesics; Aspirin; Australia; Caffeine; Codeine; Cystoscopy; Female; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Hypertension, Renal; Kidney Diseases; Kidney Failure, Chronic; Kidney Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Phenacetin; Polycystic Kidney Diseases; Pyelonephritis; Renal Dialysis; Salicylamides; Salicylates; Transplantation, Homologous; Urography; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Age Factors; Borates; Child; Child, Preschool; Dermatitis, Exfoliative; Dermatitis, Seborrheic; Diagnosis, Differential; Diaper Rash; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Impetigo; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lung Abscess; Neurodermatitis; Osteomyelitis; Pneumonia; Salicylates; Skin Absorption; Skin Diseases

Topics: Blood Chemical Analysis; Blood Glucose; Blood Platelets; Calcium; Charcoal; Creatine; Creatinine; Glomerulonephritis; Humans; Kidney; Kidneys, Artificial; Perfusion; Polycystic Kidney Diseases; Salicylates; Urea; Uremia; Uric Acid