salicylates and Fetal-Death

Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Fetal Death; Fetus; Hemodynamics; Humans; Indomethacin; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Pregnancy; Prostaglandin Antagonists; Salicylates; Sheep

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anticoagulants; Antineoplastic Agents; Antithyroid Agents; Barbiturates; Breast Feeding; Contraceptives, Oral; Diethylstilbestrol; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female; Fetal Death; Fetus; Humans; Hypoglycemic Agents; Infant, Newborn; Lactation; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Meprobamate; Molecular Weight; Nicotine; Nitrofurantoin; Permeability; Placenta; Pregnancy; Quinine; Reserpine; Salicylates; Sulfonamides

Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Clinical Trials as Topic; Female; Fetal Death; Fetus; Hemodynamics; Humans; Indomethacin; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Pregnancy; Prostaglandin Antagonists; Salicylates; Sheep

We reported previously that the acute and fetal toxicities of aspirin (ASA) were enhanced by bacterial endotoxin (LPS). In order to clarify the mechanism of the enhancement by LPS, the effects of LPS on the toxicities of salicylic acid (SA), the main metabolite of ASA, were investigated in rats. The following results were obtained: 1) The acute toxicity of SA was significantly potentiated by LPS in male rats. The LD50 of SA with LPS was about one third of that of SA alone. 2) The increase of maternal body weight was inhibited significantly after administration of SA (383 mg/kg, p.o.) with LPS (20 micrograms/kg, i.v.), but not after administration of SA alone. 3) The fetal toxicity of SA including fetal death, resorption, growth retardation and skeletal variations was slightly observed in the dam receiving a single dose of SA on the 15th day of pregnancy, but it was markedly increased by LPS (20 micrograms/kg, i.v.). 4) The half-life period of SA in plasma was increased significantly by the co-administration of LPS in male rats after administration of ASA or SA. All of these phenomena in the rats given SA closely resembled the phenomena previously reported in the rats given ASA. These results suggest that SA might play a main role in the acute and fetal toxicities of ASA, and one of the mechanism of the enhancement effect by LPS on ASA-induced fetal toxicity might be related to the increase of SA concentration in the fetus.

Topics: Animals; Bone Diseases, Developmental; Drug Synergism; Escherichia coli; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Diseases; Fetal Growth Retardation; Fetal Resorption; Lipopolysaccharides; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid

A 34-year-old mother habituated to the excessive use of salicylates gave birth to a still born infant with a salicylate level of 25 mg/dL in the whole blood and 12 mg% in the liver. The analytical methodology for the determination of salicylates is described. Pathological findings included an acute chorioamnionitis and the widespread presence of congestion of the viscera with petechial hemorrhages-changes which are not uncommonly seen in infants suffering from intrauterine anoxia. The published findings on the effects of salicylates on the human fetus and on reported fetal blood levels have been reviewed.

Topics: Adult; Female; Fetal Blood; Fetal Death; Fetus; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Liver; Pregnancy; Salicylates; Substance-Related Disorders

Evidence from the literature indicates that in vitamin E-deficient animals prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in platelets is enhanced while it is decreased in the muscle and testis. In the present study the effects of aspirin, a known inhibitor of PG biosynthesis, on vitamin E deficiency signs in the rat were investigated. Administration of aspirin to vitamin E-deficient rats had no protective effect on fetal mortality, incisor depigmentation, body weight gain or red blood cell peroxidative hemolysis. Aspirin prevented the anemia and thrombocythemia observed in vitamin E-deficient rats. Aspirin, salicylic acid and a carbazole prostaglandin inhibitor exacerbated testis degeneration in vitamin E-deficient animals. Addition of aspirin to the diet more than doubled the vitamin E requirement for reversal of necrotizing myopathy.

Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Blood Cell Count; Female; Fetal Death; Hematocrit; Hemoglobins; Hemolysis; Male; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prostaglandins; Rats; Salicylates; Testis; Vitamin E Deficiency

Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Embryo, Mammalian; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Resorption; Haplorhini; Macaca mulatta; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Models, Biological; Pregnancy; Rats; Salicylates; Species Specificity; Teratogens; Time Factors

6.6% of all Australian patients attending an antenatal clinic were found to be taking salicylate preparations regularly, most commonly in powder form and almost always as self-medication. In this group of salicylate takers there was an increased incidence of anaemia, anti-partum and post-partum haemorrhage, prolonged gestation, complicated deliveries, and perinatal mortality compared with non-takers. These findings suggest that regular salicylate consumption has detrimental effects in pregnancy. Routine antenatal urinary screening for salicylate in pregnancy is recommended.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age Factors; Anemia; Female; Fetal Death; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Obstetric Labor Complications; Parity; Postpartum Hemorrhage; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; Pregnancy, Prolonged; Prospective Studies; Salicylates; Self Medication; Time Factors; Uterine Hemorrhage

The babies of 144 mothers who took salicylates regularly in pregnancy are described. These babies had a significantly reduced birth-weight compared with controls; many of them had a raised cord-blood salicylate level but had no clinical evidence of bleeding or hypoglycaemia. Their perinatal mortality was increased, but the incidence of congenital anomalies was not significantly raised.

Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Birth Weight; Female; Fetal Death; Fetus; Gestational Age; Hand Deformities, Congenital; Heart Defects, Congenital; Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Intestinal Perforation; Male; Maternal-Fetal Exchange; Pregnancy; Salicylates

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Acid Phosphatase; Animals; Cell Membrane; Drug Interactions; Drug Synergism; Edema; Embryo Implantation; Esters; Female; Fetal Death; Glucuronidase; Hindlimb; Inflammation; Lysosomes; Male; Methanol; Mice; Nicotinic Acids; Pregnancy; Rats; Salicylates; Stimulation, Chemical

Topics: Acetates; Animals; Aspirin; Cortisone; Depression, Chemical; Female; Fetal Death; Gestational Age; Labor, Obstetric; Male; Phenobarbital; Postpartum Hemorrhage; Pregnancy; Rats; Salicylates; Sodium Salicylate; Time Factors

Topics: Adult; Aspirin; Female; Fetal Death; Humans; Poisoning; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Salicylates

Topics: Animals; Aspirin; Female; Fetal Death; Gestational Age; Hemorrhage; Liver Glycogen; Mice; Pregnancy; Salicylates

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Aspirin; Benzoates; Biotransformation; Female; Fetal Death; Fetus; Gestational Age; Pregnancy; Rats; Salicylates

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Female; Fetal Death; Fetus; Nucleic Acids; Orotic Acid; Pregnancy; Rats; RNA Nucleotidyltransferases; Salicylates; Thymidine; Tritium

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Diseases; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage; Gestational Age; Hemorrhage; Injections, Intramuscular; Liver; Mice; Pentobarbital; Pregnancy; Salicylates

Topics: Animals; Female; Fetal Death; Fetal Diseases; Fetus; Gestational Age; Hemorrhage; Liver Diseases; Mice; Necrosis; Pregnancy; Salicylates; Sodium; Species Specificity

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Animals; Female; Fetal Death; Fetus; Mice; Pregnancy; Salicylates

Topics: Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; Central Nervous System Depressants; Chlorpromazine; Fetal Death; Immobilization; Pentobarbital; Pharmacology; Pregnancy; Pregnancy, Animal; Rats; Research; Salicylates; Sodium Salicylate; Toxicology