salicylates and Diabetic-Nephropathies

Topics: Acidosis, Renal Tubular; Barbiturates; Calcium; Chlorothiazide; Cystinuria; Diabetes Insipidus; Diabetic Nephropathies; Diuretics; Furosemide; Halogens; Humans; Hypocalcemia; Kidney; Kidney Tubules; Natriuresis; Salicylates; Sodium; Uric Acid

There is a widespread use of medicinal herbs with beneficial uses against different diseased conditions. This study was carried out to identify and study the biological effect of Acacia gerrardii leaf extract on lowering blood sugar in rats suffering from diabetic nephropathy.. It studied the effects of leaf extract at concentrations ranging from 100-500 mg kg-1 b.wt. per day for 4 weeks. Serum glucose levels, total lipids profile and kidney functions were estimated. Plasma levels of sodium and potassium as well as total bilirubin levels were assessed and kidneys from different groups were histopathologically examined.. The results showed that leaves were rich in the major compounds of phenolic acids, including salicylic acid and flavonoids with reduction of total lipids, triglycerides and total cholesterol in diabetic rats with renal failure together with reduction in uric acid, creatinine and urea with reduced vacuolar degeneration of tubules and basement membrane thickening. Additionally, the phylogenetic analysis using ISSR primers detected a genetic divergence among different samples. The results showed that the rich antioxidant content of Acacia gerrardii improved lipid, serum antioxidant and kidney function profiles in diabetic rats.. Acacia gerrardii could be used as a safe source of antioxidants. Moreover, the ISSR assay proved its usefulness in detecting genetic variations among different Acacia gerrardii samples.

Topics: Acacia; Animals; Antioxidants; Bilirubin; Blood Glucose; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Diabetic Nephropathies; DNA Fingerprinting; Flavonoids; Genetic Variation; Hydroxybenzoates; Hypoglycemic Agents; Kidney; Lipids; Male; Methanol; Plant Leaves; Rats; Salicylates; Triglycerides

Advanced glycation end products (AGE) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications. The purpose of this study was to examine the novel coumarin-aspirin compound XLF-III-43 in the inhibition of AGE formation in diabetic nephropathy. In vitro analysis showed XLF-III-43 in a dose-dependent manner decreased glucose induced formation of glycation adducts on albumin and inhibited AGE-lysozyme crosslinking. The streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats were used to investigate the beneficial effects of XLF-III-43 treatment on diabetic nephropathy. Administration of XLF-III-43 significantly decreased (P<0.05) blood urea nitrogen and urinary albumin excretion. Moreover, XLF-III-43 ameliorated kidney hypertrophy, mesangial expansion and glomerulosclerosis in diabetic rats relative to untreated model group. These data correlated with decreased both AGE and downstream markers of AGE stress (TGF-beta1, CTGF, fibronectin and collagen IV fibrolysis) in kidneys of diabetic rats. These data support further development of XLF-III-43 for prevention of nephropathy via inhibition of AGE formation consequent to chronic hyperglycemia.

Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Coumarins; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Diabetic Nephropathies; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Hyperglycemia; Hypertension; Kidney; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Salicylates

Topics: Albuminuria; Bromphenol Blue; Cellulose; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Nephropathies; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Humans; Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; Reagent Strips; Salicylates; Salicylic Acid; Sensitivity and Specificity