safranine-t and Breast-Neoplasms

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Aptamers, Nucleotide; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Delayed-Action Preparations; Female; Humans; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mucin-1; Nanoparticles; Phenazines; Porosity; Silicon Dioxide; Theranostic Nanomedicine

Immuno-histochemistry (IHC) was used and compared with Hemalum-Eosin-Safran (HES) in the analysis of the products of axillary lymphatic clearance in 42 women had breast cancer. In 32 patients who were negative by the HES test there was no lymph metastasis found by the IHC test in the 365 lymph nodes which were examined. In 3 out of 10 patients who were positive which the HES test 2 extra lymph node invasions were found, and one breach in the lymph node capsule that had not been diagnosed through HES testing were found. A review of the literature shows that the IHC test has never been show to be inferior to the HES test. The number of additional nodes that have been invaded varies between 0.9-11% in infiltrating canalicular carcinomas. The changes of the IHC test is greater in infiltrating lobular carcinomas. It varies between seven and 33%. Although the technique for using IHC is longer, it is easier to read the result and this method should be set up in current practice.

Topics: Breast Neoplasms; Eosine Yellowish-(YS); Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Lymph Node Excision; Lymphatic Metastasis; Phenazines; Sensitivity and Specificity

Lipophilic positively-charged compounds are facilitated across biological membranes by the transmembrane potential of intact cells. One such compound, rhodamine 123, has recently been shown to be selectively toxic toward a variety of transformed (carcinoma), epithelial cells in vitro (Lampidis et al., 1982; Bernal et al., 1982; Lampidis et al., 1983). A mechanism that could account for the selectivity of this agent would be a difference in the plasma membrane potential between normal and carcinoma cells. We report here that a significantly higher transmembrane potential has been found in a pair of carcinoma (83 mV for human breast and -99 mV for human cervix) as compared to normal (-56 mV for marsupial kidney and -48 mV for monkey kidney) epithelial cell lines. We also identified 3 other positively-charged lipophilic compounds, safranin 0, rhodamine 6G and tetraphenylphosphonium chloride (TPP+), which show selective toxicity toward carcinoma cells in vitro, while an uncharged lipophilic analog, rhodamine 116, does not. These data suggest that the higher plasma membrane potential of carcinoma cells may in part contribute to the preferential accumulation and selective toxicity of the lipophilic cationic compounds we have examined. An extension of this concept to an in vivo environment could lead to a class of cationic compounds which selectively exploit differences between normal and carcinoma cells.

Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line; Female; Haplorhini; HeLa Cells; Humans; Kidney; Marsupialia; Membrane Potentials; Onium Compounds; Organophosphorus Compounds; Phenazines; Rhodamines; Xanthenes