s,n,n'-tripropylthiocarbamate has been researched along with Drug Withdrawal Symptoms in 366 studies
| Timeframe | Studies, this research(%) | All Research% |
|---|---|---|
| pre-1990 | 15 (4.10) | 18.7374 |
| 1990's | 22 (6.01) | 18.2507 |
| 2000's | 148 (40.44) | 29.6817 |
| 2010's | 155 (42.35) | 24.3611 |
| 2020's | 26 (7.10) | 2.80 |
| Authors | Studies |
|---|---|
| De Biasi, M; Feinn, R; Kranzler, HR; Perez, EE; Quijano Cardé, NA | 1 |
| Asakawa, A; Inui, A; Katsuura, G; Kawamura, N; Nakama, R; Novianti, E; Yamada-Goto, N | 1 |
| Audrain-McGovern, J; DeAtley, T; Pianin, S; Stone, MD; Strasser, AA | 1 |
| Chen, YH; Chow, LH; Huang, EY; Hung, HY; Kao, JH; Tsai, AL | 1 |
| Amgott-Kwan, AT; Zadina, JE | 1 |
| Besson, M; Canonne, C; Danckaert, A; David, V; de Chaumont, F; Forget, B; Lakosa, A; Marti, F; Maskos, U; Rahimian, A; Reynolds, LM; Tahraoui, S; Tochon, L; Tomasi, F | 1 |
| Alkhlaif, Y; Damaj, MI; El-Halawany, M; Hamouda, AK; Park, A; Toma, W | 1 |
| Koob, GF | 3 |
| Behnood-Rod, A; Bruijnzeel, AW; Chellian, R; Febo, M; Knight, P; Lyons, H; Panunzio, S; Tan, S; Wilson, R; Xue, S | 1 |
| Campbell, SC; Garfield, JBB; Lubman, DI; Lum, JAG; Manning, V; Mroz, K; Piercy, H; Staiger, PK; Verdejo-Garcia, A | 1 |
| Bernat, N; Inbar, D; Inbar, K; Kupchik, YM; Levi, LA; Odesser, T | 1 |
| Bernat, N; Gatterer, A; Inbar, D; Inbar, K; Kupchik, YM; Levi, LA; Nachshon, N | 1 |
| Fatahi, Z; Haghparast, A; Karimi-Haghighi, S; Khodagholi, F; Moradi, M; Zeinaddini-Meymand, A | 1 |
| Cheer, JF; Oleson, EB; Peters, KZ | 1 |
| Denomme, WJ; Shane, MS | 1 |
| Fatahi, Z; Haghparast, A; Karimi, S; Khodagholi, F; Zeinaddini-Meymand, A | 1 |
| Atwal, H; Ayoub, SM; Collins, SA; Di Marzo, V; Farag, M; Iannotti, FA; Leri, F; Lichtman, AH; Limebeer, CL; Mechoulam, R; Parker, LA; Piscitelli, F; Rock, EM; Smoum, R | 1 |
| Fu, J; Ge, S; Lang, B; Li, J; Li, N; Li, Y; Qu, L; Volkow, ND; Wang, GJ; Wang, J; Wang, P; Wang, X; Wang, Y; Wu, H; Zeng, J; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Leslie, FM | 1 |
| Dhingra, I; Le, TM; Li, CR; Wang, W; Zhang, S; Zhornitsky, S | 1 |
| Kreek, MJ; Windisch, KA | 1 |
| Behnood-Rod, A; Bruijnzeel, AW; Chellian, R; Hiranita, T; Leon, F; McCurdy, CR; McMahon, LR; Sharma, A; Wilson, R | 1 |
| Crystal, JD; Hohmann, AG; Iyer, V; Mackie, K; Slivicki, RA; Thomaz, AC | 1 |
| Braida, D; Brennan, CH; Ponzoni, L; Sala, M; Teh, MT; Torres-Perez, JV | 1 |
| Chen, Y; Dhingra, I; Le, TM; Li, CR; Wang, W; Zhang, S; Zhornitsky, S | 1 |
| Alonso-Caraballo, Y; Chartoff, EH; Guha, SK | 1 |
| Fu, D; Hong, Q; Lai, M; Liu, H; Lou, Z; Zhou, W; Zhu, H; Zhuang, D | 1 |
| Grad, E; Thornton, C; Yaka, R | 1 |
| Carcoba, LM; Cruz, B; Flores, RJ; Francis, W; Hinojosa, CA; Ibarra, M; Nazarian, A; O'Dell, LE; Pipkin, JA | 1 |
| Addicott, MA; Brandon, TH; Drobes, DJ; Evans, DE; Oliver, JA; Potts, GF | 1 |
| Aronson, SE; Lesage, E; Ross, TJ; Salmeron, BJ; Stein, EA; Sutherland, MT | 1 |
| Archer, T; Badgaiyan, RD; Baron, D; Blum, K; Demetrovics, Z; Gold, M; Thanos, PK | 1 |
| Mason, BJ | 1 |
| Budney, AJ; Callas, PW; Fingar, JR; Hughes, JR; Lee, DC; Muellers, SR; Priest, J; Sigmon, SC | 1 |
| Bugarin, A; Gerson, J; Hart, EE; Izquierdo, A; Jentsch, JD; Stolyarova, A; Thompson, AB | 1 |
| Laviolette, SR; Rosen, LG; Rushlow, WJ | 1 |
| Anderson, EM; Larson, EB; Nugent, AL; Self, DW | 1 |
| Ma, Y; Pan, Z; Sun, Y | 1 |
| Ahmadi-Soleimani, SM; Azizi, H; Gompf, HS; Semnanian, S | 1 |
| Edwards, KN; Edwards, S; McGinn, MA; Pahng, AR; Paulsen, RI | 1 |
| D'Aniello, E; Damaj, MI; Di Marzo, V; Donvito, G; Giordano, C; Guida, F; Ignatowska-Jankowska, BM; Jackson, A; Lichtman, AH; Maione, S; Mechoulam, R; Muldoon, P; Mustafa, MA; Parker, L; Petrie, GN; Piscitelli, F; Sim-Selley, L; Smoum, R; Vitale, RM | 1 |
| Clarke, PBS; Lin, YC; Zhao, LL | 1 |
| Cryan, JF; Jacobson, LH; Li, X; Slattery, DA; Vlachou, S | 1 |
| Hamed, A; Kursa, MB | 1 |
| Alkhlaif, Y; Bagdas, D; Carroll, FI; Damaj, MI; Ditre, JW; Jackson, A | 1 |
| Bading, H; Baur, K; Bengtson, CP; Bernardi, RE; Hach, A; Spanagel, R | 1 |
| Jin, X; Markou, A; Marks, MJ; McClure-Begley, TD; Semenova, S; Tadman, MP | 1 |
| Bonnet, U; Isbruch, K; Richter, EL; Scherbaum, N | 1 |
| Browne, CJ; Cahill, ME; Dong, Y; Hamilton, PJ; Nestler, EJ; Wang, J | 1 |
| Abiero, A; Botanas, CJ; Cheong, JH; Custodio, RJ; de la Peña, JB; Kim, HJ; Kim, M; Ryoo, ZY; Sayson, LV | 1 |
| Akumuo, RC; España, RA; Gao, WJ; Li, YC; Yan, CX; Zhang, YX | 1 |
| Bossert, JM; Fredriksson, I; Lofaro, OM; Reiner, DJ; Shaham, Y | 1 |
| Di Marzo, V; Humphrey, AE; Lichtman, AH; Limebeer, CL; Mechoulam, R; Parker, LA; Petrie, GN; Piscitelli, F; Rock, EM; Sheppard-Perkins, M; Smoum, R; Wills, KL | 1 |
| Chail, M; Kumar, M | 1 |
| Alkhlaif, Y; Contreras, KM; Damaj, MI; Jackson, AB; Toma, W | 1 |
| Damaj, MI; Jackson, KJ; McIntosh, JM; Muldoon, PP; Sanjakdar, SS | 1 |
| Alajaji, M; Bowers, MS; Damaj, MI; Knackstedt, L | 1 |
| Damaj, MI; Ignatowska-Jankowska, BM; Lichtman, AH; Muldoon, PP | 1 |
| Cui, C; Hu, L; Li, Y; Sun, L | 1 |
| Barbier, E; Chen, X; Damaj, MI; Jackson, KJ; Wang, JB | 1 |
| Hutchison, KE; Thayer, RE | 1 |
| Aguilar, MA; Aracil-Fernández, A; Berbel, P; García-Gutiérrez, MS; Maldonado, R; Manzanares, J; Martín-García, E; Miñarro, J; Navarrete, F; Navarro, D; Rodríguez-Arias, M | 1 |
| Leventhal, AM; Pang, RD | 1 |
| Deroche-Gamonet, V; Piazza, PV | 1 |
| Cunningham, CL; Dreumont, SE | 1 |
| Beveridge, TJ; Calipari, ES; Jones, SR; Porrino, LJ | 1 |
| Drgonova, J; Hall, FS; Uhl, GR | 1 |
| Brown, VL; Cinciripini, PM; Engelmann, JM; Green, CE; Jackson, EF; Karam-Hage, MA; Lam, CY; Minnix, JA; Robinson, JD; Versace, F; Wetter, DW | 1 |
| Guy, MD; Heinrichs, SC; Kaplan, GB; Kobrin, KL; Leite-Morris, KA; Young, AJ | 1 |
| Cepeda, C; Cui, Y; Evans, CJ; Ge, W; James, AS; Jentsch, JD; Kieffer, BL; Levine, MS; Maidment, NT; Mittal, N; Murphy, NP; Ostlund, SB; Park, CS; Roberts, KW; Sun, YE; Walwyn, WM; Yang, XW | 1 |
| Aso, E; Balerio, GN; Maldonado, R; Moutinho, LM; Varani, AP | 1 |
| Boutros, N; Markou, A; Semenova, S | 1 |
| Dallery, J; Kurti, AN | 1 |
| Alexander, JC; Bruijnzeel, AW; Guerra, V; Ji, Y; Ormerod, BK; Qi, X; Shan, Z | 1 |
| Delgado, MR; Grigson, PS; Henry, SL; MacLean, RR; McKee, SA; Nichols, TT; Wilson, SJ | 1 |
| Carroll, KM; DeVito, EE; Kober, H; Potenza, MN; Worhunsky, PD; Yip, SW | 1 |
| Bagdas, D; Damaj, MI; Muldoon, PP; Tyndale, RF; Zhu, AZ | 1 |
| Gao, MJ; Kao, JH; Law, PY; Loh, HH; Tao, PL; Yang, PP | 1 |
| Greenfield, VY; Linker, KE; Maidment, NT; Ostlund, SB; Wassum, KM | 1 |
| Markou, A; Marks, MJ; Stoker, AK | 1 |
| D'Souza, MS; Der-Avakian, A; Heath, AC; Madden, PAF; Markou, A; Pergadia, ML; Pizzagalli, DA; Shiffman, S | 1 |
| Grenald, SA; Largent-Milnes, TM; Vanderah, TW | 1 |
| Brisebois, AD; Franklin, KB; Harvey-Lewis, C; Yong, H | 1 |
| Alexander, DN; Anosike, N; Ballard, SM; Carter, AB; Cox, TA; Freet, CS; Grigson, PS; Imperio, CG; Mahmoud, S; Ruiz-Velasco, V | 1 |
| Al-Hassani, HK; Gregg, RA; Grizzanti, D; Haidery, M; Raffa, RB; Ramnath, A; Rawls, SM; Reitz, AB; Smith, GR; Tallarida, CS; Vouga, A | 1 |
| Benturquia, N; Geoffroy, HA; Noble, F; Puig, S | 1 |
| Blum, K; Cronjé, FJ; Demetrovics, Z; Febo, M; Gold, MS; Han, D; Liu, Y; Oscar-Berman, M; Simpatico, T; Smolen, A; Wang, W; Wang, Y; Zhang, Y | 1 |
| Carroll, ME; Harris, AC; Holtz, NA; Radke, AK; Zlebnik, NE | 1 |
| Addicott, MA; McClernon, FJ; Sweitzer, MM | 1 |
| Curran, HV; Das, RK; Freeman, TP; Hindocha, C; Lawn, W; Mokrysz, C; Morgan, CJ | 1 |
| Aguirre, CG; Leventhal, AM; Madrid, J | 1 |
| Cook, JW; Geary, BA; Guillot, CR; Kirkpatrick, MG; Leventhal, AM; Stone, MD; Tidey, JW | 1 |
| Lecca, S; Mameli, M; Meye, FJ; Tchenio, A; Valentinova, K | 1 |
| Alva, H; Chu, LF; Clark, JD; Clemenson, A; Encisco, E; Erlendson, M; Hoang, D; Lin, JC; Sun, J; Younger, JW | 1 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW; Guzhva, L; Ji, Y; Qi, X | 1 |
| Cahill, CM; Castonguay, A; De Koninck, Y; Evans, CJ; Ghogha, A; Levitt, P; Mehrabani, S; Olmstead, MC; Pradhan, AA; Taylor, AM; Vayssiere, P; Wu, J; Xue, L | 1 |
| Gramage, E; Herradón, G; Vicente-Rodríguez, M | 1 |
| Dao, M; Martemyanov, KA; Orlandi, C; Ostrovskaya, O; Smith, R; Sutton, LP; Wee, S; Xie, K | 1 |
| Anderson, EM; Caudle, RM; Kapernaros, K; Neubert, JK; Reeves, T | 1 |
| Lipinska, G; Thomas, KG; Timol, R | 1 |
| Greenwald, MK; Lister, JJ; Lundahl, LH; Stoltman, JJ; Woodcock, EA | 1 |
| Kim, JH; Liu, Y; Qiu, Y; Shen, HW; Xu, P; Zhang, Y; Βai, Y | 1 |
| Dallery, J; Denlinger, R; Donny, EC; Forbes, EE; Geier, CF; McClernon, FJ; Raiff, BR; Sweitzer, MM | 1 |
| Bowers, MS; Damaj, MI; Jackson, A; Maldoon, PP | 1 |
| Ayaz, H; Bunce, SC; Deneke, E; Harris, JD; Huhn, AS; Meyer, RE; Stankoski, DM | 1 |
| Mohamed, Z; Narasingam, M; Pandy, V | 1 |
| Chen, X; Nachtrab, G; Wienecke, CF; Zhu, Y | 1 |
| Chung, BH; Gondo, Y; Han, PL; Hwang, JH; Kang, Y; Kim, KS; Kim, YH; Kim, YJ; Lee, CH; Lee, HJ; Lee, JR; Murata, T; Park, HY; Rhee, M; Yu, DY | 1 |
| Alvi, T; Baine, J; DeWitt, S; Dunlop, J; Filbey, FM; Ketcherside, A; Kuhn, B; Rhinehardt, T | 1 |
| Barker, AT; Rebec, GV | 1 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW; Febo, M; Guzhva, L; Qi, X; Shan, Z; Wang, KKW; Yang, Z | 1 |
| Aziz, AM; Brothers, S; Heilig, M; Holm, L; Sartor, G; Thorsell, A; Wahlestedt, C | 1 |
| Lee, MR; Weerts, EM | 1 |
| Ding, S; Hu, M; Li, H; Li, T; Niu, H; Qiao, Y; Wang, L; Zhang, G; Zhang, Q; Zhang, Z | 1 |
| Kiefer, F; Koopmann, A; Schuster, R | 1 |
| Cottone, P; Sabino, V | 1 |
| Rogers, PJ | 1 |
| Badgaiyan, RD; Baron, D; Blum, K; Demetrovics, Z; Dushaj, K; Febo, M; Gold, MS; Jacobs, W; McCall, WV | 1 |
| Cryan, JF; Slattery, DA | 1 |
| Bai, Y; Li, Y; Liu, Z; Xu, N; Zhang, Y; Zheng, X | 1 |
| D'Souza, MS; Norman, H | 1 |
| Balfour, DJ; Markou, A; Paterson, NE | 2 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW; Derendorf, H; Gold, MS; Liu, J; Pan, H | 1 |
| Bishop, SF; Lauzon, NM; Laviolette, SR; Sun, N; Tan, H | 1 |
| Arends, MA; Fowler, CD; Kenny, PJ | 1 |
| Beck, A; Grace, AA; Grüsser, SM; Heinz, A; Wrase, J | 1 |
| Lee, AM; Messing, RO | 1 |
| Rose, JE | 1 |
| Sinha, R | 1 |
| Criado, JR; Gallegos, RA; Hansen, DM; Steffensen, SC; Walton, CH; Yorgason, JT | 1 |
| Markou, A; Paterson, NE | 2 |
| Perkins, KA | 1 |
| Caggiula, AR; Chaudhri, N; Donny, EC; Liu, X; Palmatier, MI; Sved, AF | 1 |
| Benattayallah, A; Hodgson, T; Janse Van Rensburg, K; Taylor, A | 1 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW; Rylkova, D; Shah, HP; Small, E | 1 |
| Khroyan, TV; O'Dell, LE | 1 |
| Barhight, MF; Carlezon, WA; Chartoff, EH; Mague, SD; Sawyer, AM | 1 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW; Isaac, S; Prado, M | 1 |
| Self, DW; Simmons, D | 1 |
| Dawkins, L; Pickering, A; Powell, J; Powell, JH; West, R | 2 |
| Bonnet, U; Lieb, B; Milkereit, J; Richter, C; Schäfer, M; Scherbaum, N; Wiltfang, J | 1 |
| Murphy, NP; Sakoori, K | 1 |
| Maldonado, R; Trigo, JM; Zimmer, A | 1 |
| Harris, AC; Keyler, DE; LeSage, MG; Pentel, PR; Roiko, SA | 1 |
| Ting-A-Kee, R; van der Kooy, D; Vargas-Perez, H | 1 |
| Allison, DW; Bufalino, MR; Clarke, L; Hansen, DM; Razavi, R; Steffensen, SC; Ting-A Kee, R; van der Kooy, D; Vargas-Perez, H; Walton, CH | 1 |
| Caster, JM; Kuhn, CM; Levin, ED; Schramm-Sapyta, NL; Walker, QD | 1 |
| Nomikos, GG; Panagis, G; Vlachou, S | 1 |
| Garavan, H; Hester, R; Nestor, L | 1 |
| Brunzell, DH; Damaj, MI; Jackson, KJ; McIntosh, JM; Sanjakdar, SS | 1 |
| Lawrence, AJ | 1 |
| Dileone, RJ; Sarhan, M; Sharf, R | 1 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW | 1 |
| Dinter, C; Grosshans, M; Kiefer, F; Koopmann, A; Mann, K; Nakovics, H; Richter, A; Rockenbach, C; von der Goltz, C; Wiedemann, K; Winterer, G | 1 |
| Chen, Z; Gong, YX; Shou, WT; Zhang, WP; Zhong, K | 1 |
| Bajo, M; Conti, B; Cottone, P; Fekete, EM; Frihauf, JB; Grigoriadis, DE; Koob, GF; Pockros, L; Rice, KC; Roberto, M; Sabino, V; Steardo, L; Zorrilla, EP | 1 |
| Berrendero, F; Maldonado, R | 1 |
| Guidali, C; Massi, P; Parolaro, D; Realini, N; Rubino, T; Viganò, D | 1 |
| Aujla, H; Braconi, S; Ciccocioppo, R; Martin-Fardon, R; Sidhpura, N; Weiss, F | 1 |
| Braus, DF; Büchel, C; Budde, H; Bühler, M; Kobiella, A; Reed, LJ; Smolka, MN; Vollstädt-Klein, S | 1 |
| Conklin, CA; Giedgowd, GE; Karelitz, JL; Perkins, KA; Sayette, MA | 1 |
| Bauzo, RM; Bishnoi, M; Bruijnzeel, AW; Derendorf, H; Keijzers, KF; Kobeissy, FH; Sabarinath, SN; Shah, HP; Small, E; van Tuijl, IA; Yamada, H | 1 |
| Carroll, FI; Damaj, MI; Jackson, KJ; Negus, SS | 1 |
| Lajtha, A; Sershen, H | 1 |
| Der-Avakian, A; Markou, A | 1 |
| Blough, BE; Carroll, FI; Damaj, MI; Grabus, SD; King, LS; Lukas, RJ; Navarro, HA; Vann, RE; Warner, JA; Wiley, JL | 1 |
| Potvin, S; Rompré, PP; Stip, E; Zhornitsky, S | 1 |
| Markou, A; Semenova, S | 2 |
| Gilpin, NW; Koob, GF | 1 |
| Alexander, JC; Bishnoi, M; Bruijnzeel, AW; Ford, J; Keijzers, KF; Pasek, TM; van Tuijl, IA; Yamada, H; Yavarovich, KR | 1 |
| Greenwald, MK; Lundahl, LH; Steinmiller, CL | 1 |
| Allen, C; Blum, K; Bowirrat, A; Downs, BW; Gant, C; Manka, D; Manka, M; Miller, DK; Miller, M; Smolen, A; Stevens, E; Stokes, S; Yeldandi, S | 1 |
| Allen, C; Blum, K; Braverman, ER; Chen, AL; Chen, TJ; Downs, BW; Fornari, F; Giordano, J; Kerner, M; Lubar, J; Madigan, MA; Morse, S; Smolen, A; Stice, E; Thompson, J; Waite, RL | 1 |
| O'Dell, LE | 1 |
| Hu, XT; Nasif, FJ; Perez, MF; Ramirez, OA | 1 |
| Ding, ZB; Li, SX; Lu, L; Luo, YX; Shi, HS; Wei, YM; Xue, YX; Yu, CX | 1 |
| Alcaro, A; Huber, R; Nathaniel, T; Panksepp, J; Panksepp, JB | 1 |
| Banerjee, D; Finn, MG; Froestl, W; Guery, S; Kaupmann, K; Markou, A; Paterson, NE; Vlachou, S | 1 |
| Dani, JA; De Biasi, M | 1 |
| He, YY; Li, FQ; Li, YQ; Lu, L; Sacktor, TC; Shaham, Y; Xu, CM; Xue, LF; Xue, YX | 1 |
| Karila, L | 1 |
| Markou, A; Stoker, AK | 1 |
| Fang, Q; He, YY; Liu, JF; Lu, L; Wang, JS; Xue, LF; Xue, YX | 1 |
| Addicott, MA; Baranger, DA; Dichter, GS; Kozink, RV; McClernon, FJ; Smoski, MJ | 1 |
| Dinter, C; Fink, T; Grosshans, M; Kiefer, F; Koopmann, A; Richter, A; von der Goltz, C; Wiedemann, K | 1 |
| Kaczmarek, L; Radwanska, K | 1 |
| Anllo-Vento, L; del Carmen Fernández, M; Montoya, P; Muñoz, MÁ; Vila, J | 1 |
| Bahi, A | 1 |
| Markou, A; Olivier, B; Stoker, AK | 1 |
| Alexander, JC; Bishnoi, M; Bruijnzeel, AW; Ford, J; Ji, Y; Rogers, JA; Scheick, S | 1 |
| Bowen, MT; McGregor, IS | 1 |
| Contarino, A; Rouibi, K | 1 |
| Cong, B; Li, S; Ma, C; Ni, Z; Wen, D; Yang, S; Yu, H | 1 |
| Bai, J; Liu, H; Luo, FC; Lv, T; Nakamura, H; Qi, L; Wang, SD; Yodoi, J | 1 |
| Brown, RM; Lawrence, AJ; Madsen, HB; Short, JL | 1 |
| Jansen, HT; Sergeeva, A; Sorg, BA; Stark, G | 1 |
| Franklin, KB; Harvey-Lewis, C; Perdrizet, J | 1 |
| Ross, S | 1 |
| Damaj, MI; Lichtman, AH; Muldoon, PP; Parsons, LH | 1 |
| Carlsson, A; Feltmann, K; Franck, J; Fredriksson, I; Holst, S; Schilström, B; Steensland, P | 1 |
| Blendy, JA; Hilario, MR; Turner, JR | 1 |
| Anderson, EM; Caudle, RM; Neubert, JK | 1 |
| Balter, RE; Dykstra, LA | 1 |
| Cheer, JF; Oleson, EB | 1 |
| Ahmad, T; Bishop, SF; De Jaeger, X; Laviolette, SR; Lyons, D; Ng, GA | 1 |
| Jang, CG; Koob, GF; Schulteis, G; Wee, S; Whitfield, T | 1 |
| Chen, J; Chi, ZQ; He, L; Kang, S; Li, M; Liu, JG; Liu, WT; Liu, Y; Wang, WS; Yu, C | 1 |
| Giegerich, K; Kübler, A; Paelecke, M; Paelecke-Habermann, Y; Reschke, K | 1 |
| Grigson, PS; Nyland, JE | 1 |
| Chavkin, C; Chavkin, NW; Gustin, RM; Hagan, CE; Lemos, JC; Messinger, DI; Neumaier, JF; Schattauer, SS; Schindler, AG; Shankar, H; Smith, JS | 1 |
| Chen, X; Damaj, MI; Jackson, KJ; Sanjakdar, SS | 1 |
| Brené, S; Franck, J; Lindholm, S; Thorén, P; Werme, M | 1 |
| Maldonado, R | 1 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW; Lin, D; Markou, A; Schmidt, P | 1 |
| Castañé, A; Ledent, C; Maldonado, R; Parmentier, M; Valjent, E; Valverde, O | 1 |
| Grimm, JW; Hope, BT; Shaham, Y | 1 |
| Nestler, EJ | 1 |
| Berrendero, F; Kieffer, BL; Maldonado, R | 1 |
| Carlezon, WA; Wise, RA | 1 |
| Lingford-Hughes, A; Nutt, D | 1 |
| Grimm, JW; Hayashi, T; Hope, BT; Lu, L; Shaham, Y; Su, TP | 1 |
| Che, LW; Chen, J; Chi, ZQ; Gao, C; Xu, XJ | 1 |
| Castañé, A; Célérier, E; Ghozland, S; Maldonado, R; Nyberg, F; Yazdi, MT | 1 |
| Hotsenpiller, G; Wolf, ME | 1 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW; Cryan, JF; Markou, A; Skjei, KL | 1 |
| Markou, A; Spielewoy, C | 1 |
| Besheer, J; Bevins, RA | 2 |
| Markou, A; Skjei, KL | 1 |
| Aston-Jones, G; Harris, GC | 1 |
| D'Souza, DC; Krystal, JH; Mason, G; Petrakis, IL; Trevisan, L | 1 |
| Gasparini, F; Kenny, PJ; Markou, A | 1 |
| Achat-Mendes, C; Anderson, KL; Itzhak, Y | 1 |
| Cryan, JF; Hoyer, D; Markou, A | 1 |
| Basile, AS; Cui, Y; Deng, CX; Duttaroy, A; Faraci, FM; Fedorova, I; Lamping, KG; Wess, J; Yamada, M; Zhang, W | 1 |
| Goldman, D; Heinz, A; Higley, JD; Krystal, JH; Schäfer, M | 1 |
| Gallegos, RA; Henriksen, SJ; Laviolette, SR; van der Kooy, D | 1 |
| Funk, D; Lê, AD; Vohra, S | 1 |
| Lai, M; Liu, H; Tang, S; Yang, G; Zhang, F; Zhou, W | 1 |
| Brodie, MS; Buck, KJ; Grant, K; Reilly, MT; Rogers, LM; Szeliga, K | 1 |
| Andreoli, M; Ashby, CR; Gardner, EL; Heidbreder, CA; Marcon, C; Thanos, PK | 1 |
| Marsden, CA; Shah, YB | 1 |
| Liu, J; Schulteis, G | 2 |
| Laviolette, SR; van der Kooy, D | 1 |
| Chevrette, J; Harrison, AA; Hoyer, D; Markou, A | 1 |
| Crespo Galán, I; Gómez de Heras, R; González Cuevas, G; López-Moreno, JA; Navarro, M; Rodríguez de Fonseca, F; Trigo-Díaz, JM | 1 |
| Berrendero, F; Bilkei-Gorzo, A; Galeote, L; Maldonado, R; Mendizábal, V; Robledo, P; Zimmer, A | 1 |
| Greenwald, MK | 1 |
| Chen, JH; Cui, CL; Han, JS; Liang, J; Wang, GB | 1 |
| Grigson, PS; Liu, C | 1 |
| Antkiewicz-Michaluk, L; Filip, M; Michaluk, J; Papla, I; Patsenka, A; Przegaliński, E; Romańska, I; Vetulani, J | 1 |
| Culligan, K; Kosten, T; Mouratidis, M; Sofuoglu, M; Yoo, S | 1 |
| Kenny, PJ; Markou, A | 2 |
| Bechara, A; Naqvi, NH | 1 |
| Burns, LH; Olmstead, MC | 1 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW; Markou, A | 1 |
| Bajpai, LK; Bruijnzeel, AW; Dennis, DM; Gold, M; Lewis, B; Morey, TE | 1 |
| Bell, RL; Sari, Y; Zhou, FC | 1 |
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| Bruijnzeel, AW; Goldberger, BA; Koob, GF; Markou, A; Merves, ML; O'Dell, LE; Parsons, LH; Richardson, HN; Smith, RT | 1 |
| Chen, SA; Kenny, PJ; Kitamura, O; Koob, GF; Markou, A | 1 |
| Sanchis-Segura, C; Spanagel, R | 1 |
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| Castañé, A; Ledent, C; Maldonado, R; Soria, G; Valverde, O | 1 |
| Cossu, G; Deiana, S; Fadda, P; Fattore, L; Fratta, W; Melis, V; Spano, MS | 1 |
| Antkiewicz-Michaluk, L; Filip, M; Michaluk, J; Przegaliński, E; Romańska, I; Vetulani, J | 1 |
| Chester, JA; Froehlich, JC; June, HL; Rausch, EJ | 1 |
| Bruijnzeel, AW; Gold, MS; Wilson, C; Zislis, G | 1 |
| Koch, M; Schwabe, K | 1 |
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| Bleich, S; Kornhuber, J; Lunkenheimer, B; Lunkenheimer, J; Schlabeck, M; Sperling, W; Thuerauf, N; Wiltfang, J | 1 |
| Manzardo, AM; O'Dell, LE; Parsons, LH; Polis, I; Stouffer, DG | 1 |
| Frye, CA | 1 |
| Liechti, ME; Markou, A | 2 |
| Cao, J; Dong, Z; Xu, L | 1 |
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| Booth, MM; Bruijnzeel, AW; Dennis, DM; Gold, MS; Isaac, S; Marcinkiewcz, C | 1 |
| Nabeshima, T; Nakajima, A; Nitta, A; Niwa, M; Noda, Y; Saito, K; Seishima, M; Yamada, Y | 1 |
| Koob, GF; O'Dell, LE | 1 |
| Blednov, YA; Harris, RA; Martinez, M; Walker, D | 1 |
| Damaj, MI; Kota, D; Martin, BR; Robinson, SE | 1 |
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| Aston-Jones, G; Harris, GC; Hummel, M; Mague, SD; Wimmer, M | 1 |
| Acquas, E; Ahmed, SH; Cardinal, RN; Crespo, JA; Foltin, RW; Grubinger, P; Haring, C; Kurz, M; Madlung, E; Morgan, D; Negus, SS; Saria, A; Stöckl, P; Vezina, P; Zernig, G | 1 |
| Barr, RS; Culhane, MA; Evins, AE; Goff, DC; Pizzagalli, DA | 1 |
| Adriani, W; Capone, F; Dambinova, S; Granstrem, O; Izykenova, G; Laviola, G; Shumilina, M | 1 |
| Damaj, MI; Kota, D; Martin, BR | 1 |
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| Markou, A; Paterson, NE; Semenova, S | 1 |
| Damaj, MI; Lichtman, AH; Martin, BR; Merritt, LL; Walters, C | 1 |
| Hollander, JA; Johnson, PM; Kenny, PJ | 1 |
| Boissoneault, J; Bruijnzeel, AW; Isaac, S; Prado, M; Rylkova, D; Shah, HP | 1 |
| Gulley, JM; Marquez Avila, H; Stanis, JJ; White, MD | 1 |
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| Befort, K; Dierich, A; Dollé, P; Hanoune, J; Kieffer, BL; Kitchen, I; Le Meur, M; Maldonado, R; Matthes, HW; Roques, BP; Simonin, F; Slowe, S; Tzavara, E; Valverde, O | 1 |
| Nader, K; van der Kooy, D | 1 |
| Bakalar, JB; Grinspoon, L; Morgan, JP; Zimmer, L | 1 |
| Koob, GF; Le Moal, M | 2 |
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| Filliol, D; Ghozland, S; Kieffer, BL; Maldonado, R; Matthes, HW; Simonin, F | 1 |
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74 review(s) available for s,n,n'-tripropylthiocarbamate and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Neurobiology of Opioid Addiction: Opponent Process, Hyperkatifeia, and Negative Reinforcement.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Motivation; Neurobiology; Opioid-Related Disorders; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2020 |
A Brain on Cannabinoids: The Role of Dopamine Release in Reward Seeking and Addiction.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Dopamine; Dronabinol; Endocannabinoids; Humans; Marijuana Abuse; Mice; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2021 |
Unique, long-term effects of nicotine on adolescent brain.
Topics: Adolescent; Age Factors; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cognition; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Emotions; Female; Humans; Male; Nicotine; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; United States; Vaping | 2020 |
Review of addiction risk potential associated with adolescent opioid use.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Drug Tolerance; Female; Humans; Locomotion; Male; Mice; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Risk Factors; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2020 |
The neurobiology of abstinence-induced reward-seeking in males and females.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Craving; Cues; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Feeding Behavior; Female; Food; Humans; Hypothalamus; Male; Midline Thalamic Nuclei; Neurobiology; Nucleus Accumbens; Recurrence; Reward; Sex Characteristics; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Sucrose | 2021 |
The role of mitochondria in cocaine addiction.
Topics: Animals; Antioxidants; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Energy Metabolism; Female; Glycolysis; Humans; Mice; Mitochondria; Mitochondrial Transmembrane Permeability-Driven Necrosis; Mitochondrial Turnover; Neuroglia; Organelle Biogenesis; Oxidative Phosphorylation; Oxidative Stress; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; Rats; Reactive Oxygen Species; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2021 |
Emerging pharmacotherapies for alcohol use disorder.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Humans; Motivation; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2017 |
Role of orexin type-1 receptors in paragiganto-coerulear modulation of opioid withdrawal and tolerance: A site specific focus.
Topics: Animals; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Locus Coeruleus; Medulla Oblongata; Opioid-Related Disorders; Orexin Receptors; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2017 |
The Gamma-Aminobutyric Acid B Receptor in Depression and Reward.
Topics: Allosteric Regulation; Anhedonia; Animals; Antidepressive Agents; Brain; Depression; Depressive Disorder, Major; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; Humans; Nicotine; Receptors, GABA-B; Reward; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2018 |
On the addictive power of gabapentinoids: a mini-review.
Topics: Adult; Amines; Animals; Comorbidity; Craving; Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; Gabapentin; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Male; Methadone; Narcotics; Opiate Substitution Treatment; Pregabalin; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2018 |
Relapse to opioid seeking in rat models: behavior, pharmacology and circuits.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Craving; Disease Models, Animal; Extinction, Psychological; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Recurrence; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2019 |
Curious cases: Altered dose-response relationships in addiction genetics.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Genome-Wide Association Study; Humans; Mice; Phenotype; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2014 |
Animal models for opioid addiction drug discovery.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Discovery; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Opioid-Related Disorders; Recurrence; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2014 |
Smoking abstinence and neurocognition: implications for cessation and relapse.
Topics: Animals; Executive Function; Humans; Nicotine; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
Oxytocin for the treatment of drug and alcohol use disorders.
Topics: Alcohol-Related Disorders; Alcoholism; Animals; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Oxytocin; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Reward; Stress, Physiological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2016 |
The impact of the appetite-regulating, orexigenic peptide ghrelin on alcohol use disorders: A systematic review of preclinical and clinical data.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Appetite; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Craving; Eating; Ghrelin; Humans; Receptors, Ghrelin; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2018 |
Sigma Receptors and Alcohol Use Disorders.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcohol-Related Disorders; Alcoholic Beverages; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Central Nervous System; Central Nervous System Depressants; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Ethanol; Humans; Locomotion; Receptors, sigma; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2017 |
Food and drug addictions: Similarities and differences.
Topics: Appetite; Bulimia; Craving; Drug Tolerance; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Humans; Motivation; Obesity; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2017 |
Neurogenetics of acute and chronic opiate/opioid abstinence: treating symptoms and the cause.
Topics: Animals; Cannabinoids; Dopamine; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Evidence-Based Medicine; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamates; Humans; Models, Neurological; Neurotransmitter Agents; Opioid Peptides; Opioid-Related Disorders; Reward; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; United States | 2017 |
Modelling depression in animals: at the interface of reward and stress pathways.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Depressive Disorder, Major; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Neural Pathways; Reward; Self Stimulation; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2017 |
Endogenous opioid system: a promising target for future smoking cessation medications.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Drug Delivery Systems; Forecasting; Humans; Nicotine; Opioid Peptides; Receptors, Opioid; Reward; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2017 |
Subtypes of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in nicotine reward, dependence, and withdrawal: evidence from genetically modified mice.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified; Anxiety Disorders; Arousal; Comorbidity; Depressive Disorder; Genotype; Humans; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Phenotype; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Schizophrenia; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2008 |
Identifying the neural circuitry of alcohol craving and relapse vulnerability.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Arousal; Brain; Brain Mapping; Conditioning, Classical; Cues; Dopamine; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Motivation; Nerve Net; Reward; Social Environment; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Temperance | 2009 |
Protein kinases and addiction.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Conditioning, Classical; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Humans; Illicit Drugs; Memory; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurotransmitter Agents; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Kinases; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2008 |
Disrupting nicotine reinforcement: from cigarette to brain.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cardiovascular System; Cats; Clinical Trials as Topic; Humans; Immunotherapy, Active; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotiana; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reinforcement, Psychology; Respiratory System; Reward; Sensation; Smoke; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2008 |
Chronic stress, drug use, and vulnerability to addiction.
Topics: Arousal; Chronic Disease; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Disease Susceptibility; Emotions; Female; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Illicit Drugs; Limbic System; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Reward; Self Medication; Stress, Physiological; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Sympathetic Nervous System | 2008 |
Multiple motivational forces contribute to nicotine dependence.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Association Learning; Conditioning, Psychological; Ganglionic Stimulants; Humans; Motivation; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Rats; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2009 |
Sex differences in nicotine reinforcement and reward: influences on the persistence of tobacco smoking.
Topics: Administration, Intranasal; Association Learning; Cues; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Male; Motivation; Nicotine; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Self Administration; Sex Factors; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Treatment Outcome | 2009 |
Rodent models of nicotine reward: what do they tell us about tobacco abuse in humans?
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Mice; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2009 |
[Anticonvulsants in the treatment of alcoholism].
Topics: Alcoholism; Anticonvulsants; Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry); Humans; Long-Term Care; Mental Disorders; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Reward; Secondary Prevention; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2009 |
Dynamics of neuronal circuits in addiction: reward, antireward, and emotional memory.
Topics: Allostasis; Animals; Fear; Humans; Illicit Drugs; Memory; Neural Pathways; Pain; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Systems Biology | 2009 |
Are adolescents more vulnerable to drug addiction than adults? Evidence from animal models.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Models, Animal; Motivation; Motor Activity; Reward; Risk Factors; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2009 |
Behavioral pharmacology of cannabinoids with a focus on preclinical models for studying reinforcing and dependence-producing properties.
Topics: Animals; Arachidonic Acids; Brain; Cannabinoids; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Dronabinol; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Tolerance; Endocannabinoids; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Marijuana Abuse; Mice; Motivation; Polyunsaturated Alkamides; Rats; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2008 |
Regulation of alcohol-seeking by orexin (hypocretin) neurons.
Topics: Alcohol-Induced Disorders, Nervous System; Alcoholism; Animals; Humans; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Motivation; Neurons; Neuropeptides; Orexins; Recurrence; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2010 |
Role of orexin/hypocretin in dependence and addiction.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Neural Pathways; Neuropeptides; Nucleus Accumbens; Orexins; Reward; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2010 |
kappa-Opioid receptor signaling and brain reward function.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dynorphins; Humans; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2009 |
Endogenous cannabinoid and opioid systems and their role in nicotine addiction.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Dopamine; Humans; Opioid Peptides; Recurrence; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Signal Transduction; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2010 |
Cellular mechanisms underlying the interaction between cannabinoid and opioid system.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Cannabinoids; Cognition; Drug Interactions; Emotions; Humans; Immune System; Opioid Peptides; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pain; Receptor Cross-Talk; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Opioid; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2010 |
Nicotine: alcohol reward interactions.
Topics: Age Factors; Alcoholism; Animals; Brain; Drug Interactions; Ethanol; Female; Humans; Male; Neurotransmitter Agents; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Sex Factors; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2010 |
Acute intravenous synaptamine complex variant KB220™ "normalizes" neurological dysregulation in patients during protracted abstinence from alcohol and opiates as observed using quantitative electroencephalographic and genetic analysis for reward polymorph
Topics: Alcoholism; Alleles; Dopamine Agonists; Electroencephalography; Follow-Up Studies; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Pilot Projects; Polymorphism, Genetic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Risk Assessment; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2010 |
Drug-sensitive reward in crayfish: an invertebrate model system for the study of SEEKING, reward, addiction, and withdrawal.
Topics: Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Astacoidea; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Morphine Dependence; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2011 |
Reward, addiction, withdrawal to nicotine.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Cerebral Cortex; Dopamine; Humans; Limbic System; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Nicotine; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2011 |
Breaking the loop: oxytocin as a potential treatment for drug addiction.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Alcoholism; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Hallucinogens; Humans; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Oxytocin; Reward; Self Administration; Social Behavior; Social Environment; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2012 |
The role of fatty acid amide hydrolase inhibition in nicotine reward and dependence.
Topics: Amidohydrolases; Animals; Endocannabinoids; Enzyme Inhibitors; Humans; Mice; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2013 |
A brain on cannabinoids: the role of dopamine release in reward seeking.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Dopamine; Dronabinol; Endocannabinoids; Humans; Marijuana Abuse; Mice; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2012 |
Study of cannabinoid dependence in animals.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cannabinoids; Discrimination Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Tolerance; Marijuana Abuse; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
From neurobiology to treatment: progress against addiction.
Topics: Animals; Brain Chemistry; Humans; Neural Pathways; Neurotransmitter Agents; Receptors, Neurotransmitter; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Synaptic Transmission | 2002 |
Neurobiology of addiction and implications for treatment.
Topics: Behavior, Addictive; Dopamine; Heroin Dependence; Humans; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Neurotransmitter Agents; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2003 |
Alcoholism: allostasis and beyond.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Arousal; Brain Mapping; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Humans; Motivation; Nerve Net; Neuropeptide Y; Prosencephalon; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2003 |
N-methyl-D-aspartate glutamate receptors and alcoholism: reward, dependence, treatment, and vulnerability.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Clinical Trials as Topic; Disease Susceptibility; Ethanol; Humans; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward; Risk Factors; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2003 |
Novel insights into M5 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor function by the use of gene targeting technology.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain Chemistry; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine; Gene Targeting; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Neostriatum; Parasympathetic Nervous System; Rats; Receptor, Muscarinic M5; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Vasodilation | 2003 |
Neurobiological correlates of the disposition and maintenance of alcoholism.
Topics: Acute Disease; Alcoholism; Brain; Chronic Disease; Dopamine; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Glutamic Acid; Recurrence; Reward; Risk Factors; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Role of dopamine D3 receptors in the addictive properties of ethanol.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Behavior, Animal; Dopamine Antagonists; Ethanol; Humans; Ligands; Limbic System; Nucleus Accumbens; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Receptors, Dopamine D3; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2004 |
The application of functional magnetic resonance imaging to neuropharmacology.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain Ischemia; Brain Mapping; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neuropharmacology; Pain; Psychotropic Drugs; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2004 |
Novelty reward as a measure of anhedonia.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Exploratory Behavior; Humans; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Weights and Measures | 2005 |
[Cue-induced alcohol craving. Neurobiological correlates and clinical relevance].
Topics: Alcoholism; Conditioning, Psychological; Cues; Dopamine; Ethanol; Glutamine; Humans; Opioid Peptides; Psychotherapy; Reward; Risk Factors; Secondary Prevention; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Temperance | 2006 |
Behavioural assessment of drug reinforcement and addictive features in rodents: an overview.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Association Learning; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Models, Psychological; Motivation; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Rodentia; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Wit and Humor as Topic | 2006 |
An endocannabinoid mechanism in relapse to drug seeking: a review of animal studies and clinical perspectives.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Disease Models, Animal; Endocannabinoids; Humans; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Reward; Rimonabant; Secondary Prevention; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2007 |
There and back again: a tale of norepinephrine and drug addiction.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dopamine; Ethanol; Humans; Norepinephrine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2007 |
Cocaine withdrawal and neuro-adaptations in ion channel function.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Animals; Calcium; Cocaine; Dopamine; Humans; Ion Channels; Neurons; Prefrontal Cortex; Receptors, Dopamine; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2007 |
Explaining the escalation of drug use in substance dependence: models and appropriate animal laboratory tests.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Conditioning, Operant; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Models, Animal; Motivation; Narcotics; Punishment; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2007 |
Galanin and addiction.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Dopamine; Galanin; Humans; Locomotion; Mice; Morphine; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2008 |
Cocaine reward and cocaine craving: the role of dopamine in perspective.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cocaine; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Humans; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1994 |
A two-separate-motivational-systems hypothesis of opioid addiction.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine; Humans; Motivation; Opioid-Related Disorders; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Terminology as Topic | 1998 |
Rational treatment of addiction.
Topics: Alcohol Deterrents; Alcoholism; Animals; Attitude; Disulfiram; Humans; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1998 |
Drug addiction, dysregulation of reward, and allostasis.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Humans; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Models, Neurological; Nerve Net; Pituitary-Adrenal System; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Stress, Physiological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Temperance | 2001 |
Neurobiological processes in alcohol addiction.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Conditioning, Psychological; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Drug Tolerance; Ethanol; Humans; Mice; Motor Activity; Phenotype; Rats; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Receptors, GABA; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2001 |
Neurobiological mechanisms of nicotine craving.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Environment; Humans; Nicotine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2001 |
Modulation of the effects of rewarding drugs by ibogaine.
Topics: Animals; Drug Synergism; Humans; Ibogaine; Learning; Morphine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2001 |
[Nicotine dependence--medico-biological aspects].
Topics: Brain; Dopamine; Humans; Nicotine; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2002 |
New concepts in cocaine addiction: the dopamine depletion hypothesis.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine; Euphoria; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System; Male; Mice; Models, Neurological; Models, Psychological; Prolactin; Rats; Reward; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Synaptic Transmission; Thyroid Gland; Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone | 1985 |
Chronic neuropharmacology of cocaine: progress in pharmacotherapy.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Dopamine; Humans; Methylphenidate; Psychotherapy; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1988 |
Pharmacological approaches to cocaine addiction.
Topics: Brain Chemistry; Bromocriptine; Cocaine; Desipramine; Dopamine; Euphoria; Humans; Receptors, Dopamine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Tyrosine | 1985 |
Drug dependence: a pharmacological analysis.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Atropine; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Cerebral Cortex; Chemoreceptor Cells; Cycloheximide; Drug Tolerance; Euphoria; Fenclonine; Humans; Indomethacin; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Rats; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1972 |
18 trial(s) available for s,n,n'-tripropylthiocarbamate and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Neural Signatures of Cognitive Flexibility and Reward Sensitivity Following Nicotinic Receptor Stimulation in Dependent Smokers: A Randomized Trial.
Topics: Adult; Cerebral Cortex; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Executive Function; Female; Humans; Impulsive Behavior; Limbic System; Male; Motivation; Nicotine; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reversal Learning; Reward; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Cessation Devices; Tobacco Use Disorder; Varenicline | 2017 |
Pretreatment measures of brain structure and reward-processing brain function in cannabis dependence: an exploratory study of relationships with abstinence during behavioral treatment.
Topics: Adult; Brain; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Marijuana Abuse; Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Young Adult | 2014 |
Association between nicotine withdrawal and reward responsiveness in humans and rats.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Depression; Humans; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Young Adult | 2014 |
rsfMRI effects of KB220Z™ on neural pathways in reward circuitry of abstinent genotyped heroin addicts.
Topics: Adult; Algorithms; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Catecholamines; Cross-Over Studies; Dopamine Agonists; Electroencephalography; Female; Functional Neuroimaging; Genotyping Techniques; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Male; Monoamine Oxidase; Neprilysin; Neural Pathways; Pilot Projects; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Young Adult | 2015 |
Pharmacological, sensorimotor, and expectancy effects on tobacco withdrawal: a preliminary study.
Topics: Adult; Anticipation, Psychological; Female; Humans; Male; Pilot Projects; Pleasure; Reproducibility of Results; Research Design; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Cessation Devices; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2015 |
Acute opioid withdrawal is associated with increased neural activity in reward-processing centers in healthy men: A functional magnetic resonance imaging study.
Topics: Adult; Brain; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Functional Neuroimaging; Healthy Volunteers; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Neural Pathways; Ondansetron; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
Acute exercise modulates cigarette cravings and brain activation in response to smoking-related images: an fMRI study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Cross-Over Studies; Exercise; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropsychological Tests; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Young Adult | 2009 |
Acute negative affect relief from smoking depends on the affect situation and measure but not on nicotine.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Anxiety; Executive Function; Female; Humans; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Social Environment; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2010 |
Sustained release d-amphetamine reduces cocaine but not 'speedball'-seeking in buprenorphine-maintained volunteers: a test of dual-agonist pharmacotherapy for cocaine/heroin polydrug abusers.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Buprenorphine; Choice Behavior; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Delayed-Action Preparations; Dextroamphetamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Therapy, Combination; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Female; Humans; Hydromorphone; Male; Middle Aged; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2010 |
Overcoming qEEG abnormalities and reward gene deficits during protracted abstinence in male psychostimulant and polydrug abusers utilizing putative dopamine D₂ agonist therapy: part 2.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Behavior, Addictive; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Over Studies; Dopamine Agonists; Electroencephalography; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Polymorphism, Genetic; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Risk Assessment; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Treatment Outcome | 2010 |
Opioid craving and seeking behavior in physically dependent volunteers: effects of acute withdrawal and drug reinforcement opportunity.
Topics: Adult; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Female; Fentanyl; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Male; Methadone; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Surveys and Questionnaires | 2005 |
Effects of tiagabine in combination with intravenous nicotine in overnight abstinent smokers.
Topics: Adult; Anticonvulsants; Arousal; Attention; Blood Pressure; Brain; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Neuropsychological Tests; Nicotine; Nipecotic Acids; Reward; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tiagabine | 2005 |
Memantine fails to facilitate partial cigarette deprivation in smokers--no role of Memantine in the treatment of nicotine dependency?
Topics: Adult; Dopamine Agents; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Memantine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Pilot Projects; Placebos; Reward; Smell; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Treatment Failure | 2007 |
A double-blind placebo controlled experimental study of nicotine: I--effects on incentive motivation.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Reward; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2006 |
A single dose of nicotine enhances reward responsiveness in nonsmokers: implications for development of dependence.
Topics: Administration, Cutaneous; Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Bias; Double-Blind Method; Humans; Middle Aged; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Reaction Time; Retrospective Studies; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2008 |
Effect of smoking opportunity on responses to monetary gain and loss in the caudate nucleus.
Topics: Adult; Arousal; Caudate Nucleus; Cues; Dominance, Cerebral; Feedback, Psychological; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Motivation; Nicotine; Oxygen; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2008 |
Nicotine intake in smokers increases following a single dose of haloperidol.
Topics: Adult; Haloperidol; Humans; Male; Nicotine; Reward; Self Administration; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1995 |
Physical dependence increases the relative reinforcing effects of caffeine versus placebo.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Caffeine; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cross-Over Studies; Double-Blind Method; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Saliva; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Surveys and Questionnaires | 1998 |
274 other study(ies) available for s,n,n'-tripropylthiocarbamate and Drug Withdrawal Symptoms
| Article | Year |
|---|---|
Antagonism of GluK1-containing kainate receptors reduces ethanol consumption by modulating ethanol reward and withdrawal.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Isoquinolines; Mice; Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2021 |
Activation of α7 nicotinic receptors suppresses sucrose addiction in mice.
Topics: alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Food; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motivation; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose | 2022 |
Switching from cigarettes to IQOS: A pilot examination of IQOS-associated reward, reinforcement, and abstinence relief.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems; Humans; Middle Aged; Pilot Projects; Reward; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Products; Young Adult | 2022 |
Effects of Dextromethorphan on Nicotine-Induced Reward, Behavioral Sensitization, Withdrawal Signs, and Drug Seeking-Related Behavior in Rats.
Topics: Animals; Dextromethorphan; Dopamine; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2023 |
Endomorphin analog ZH853 shows low reward, tolerance, and affective-motivational signs of withdrawal, while inhibiting opioid withdrawal and seeking.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Female; Humans; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Oxycodone; Rats; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2023 |
Impact of the gut microbiome on nicotine's motivational effects and glial cells in the ventral tegmental area in male mice.
Topics: Animals; Dopamine; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Male; Mice; Neuroglia; Nicotine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2023 |
L-theanine attenuates nicotine reward and withdrawal signs in mice.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2023 |
Sex differences in the reward deficit and somatic signs associated with precipitated nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Brain; Estrous Cycle; Female; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Stimulation; Sex Characteristics; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2019 |
Feasibility and acceptability of approach bias modification during methamphetamine withdrawal and related methamphetamine use outcomes.
Topics: Adult; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; Craving; Cues; Feasibility Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Methamphetamine; Middle Aged; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Therapy, Computer-Assisted; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult | 2019 |
Cocaine Dysregulates Dynorphin Modulation of Inhibitory Neurotransmission in the Ventral Pallidum in a Cell-Type-Specific Manner.
Topics: Animals; Basal Forebrain; Cocaine; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Dynorphins; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2020 |
Projection-Specific Potentiation of Ventral Pallidal Glutamatergic Outputs after Abstinence from Cocaine.
Topics: Animals; Basal Forebrain; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Transgenic; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Recurrence; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2020 |
Naloxone-precipitated withdrawal ameliorates impairment of cost-benefit decision making in morphine-treated rats: Involvement of BDNF, p-GSK3-β, and p-CREB in the amygdala.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Decision Making; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Phosphorylation; Physical Exertion; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2020 |
History of withdrawal modulates drug- and food-cue reactivity in cocaine dependent participants.
Topics: Adult; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Psychological; Cues; Female; Food; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Young Adult | 2020 |
Impairment of cost-benefit decision making in morphine-dependent rats is partly mediated via the alteration of BDNF and p-CREB levels in the nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Decision Making; Male; Maze Learning; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2020 |
Oleoyl alanine (HU595): a stable monomethylated oleoyl glycine interferes with acute naloxone precipitated morphine withdrawal in male rats.
Topics: Alanine; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Glycine; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Oleic Acids; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2020 |
Decreased Neuronal Excitability in Medial Prefrontal Cortex during Morphine Withdrawal is associated with enhanced SK channel activity and upregulation of small GTPase Rac1.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Humans; Male; Morphine; Neurons; Opioid-Related Disorders; Prefrontal Cortex; rac1 GTP-Binding Protein; Rats; Reward; Small-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Up-Regulation | 2020 |
Cue-elicited functional connectivity of the periaqueductal gray and tonic cocaine craving.
Topics: Adult; Anxiety; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Craving; Cues; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Periaqueductal Gray; Prefrontal Cortex; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Young Adult | 2020 |
Evaluation of the rewarding effects of mitragynine and 7-hydroxymitragynine in an intracranial self-stimulation procedure in male and female rats.
Topics: Animals; Female; Male; Mitragyna; Morphine; Narcotics; Plant Extracts; Rats; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Secologanin Tryptamine Alkaloids; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2020 |
The cannabinoid CB
Topics: Analgesics; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neuralgia; Nociception; Paclitaxel; Purines; Pyrans; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2020 |
Increased Response to 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) Reward and Altered Gene Expression in Zebrafish During Short- and Long-Term Nicotine Withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Female; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Nicotine; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Oxytocin; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Reward; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Swimming; Time Factors; Zebrafish | 2021 |
Resting state hypothalamic and dorsomedial prefrontal cortical connectivity of the periaqueductal gray in cocaine addiction.
Topics: Adult; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Craving; Cues; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Female; Humans; Hypothalamus; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Parietal Lobe; Periaqueductal Gray; Prefrontal Cortex; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2021 |
Akt and its phosphorylation in nucleus accumbens mediate heroin-seeking behavior induced by cues in rats.
Topics: Animals; Cues; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; Phosphorylation; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2021 |
Both nicotine reward and withdrawal are enhanced in a rodent model of diabetes.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Rodentia; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2017 |
Nicotine Withdrawal Induces Neural Deficits in Reward Processing.
Topics: Adult; Brain; Electroencephalography; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nicotine; Reward; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Young Adult | 2017 |
Substance use disorder a bio-directional subset of reward deficiency syndrome.
Topics: Brain; Dopamine; Epigenesis, Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Neurotoxicity Syndromes; Polymorphism, Genetic; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2017 |
Does Tobacco Abstinence Decrease Reward Sensitivity? A Human Laboratory Test.
Topics: Humans; Reward; Self Report; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2017 |
Steep effort discounting of a preferred reward over a freely-available option in prolonged methamphetamine withdrawal in male rats.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Choice Behavior; Delay Discounting; Male; Methamphetamine; Motivation; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2017 |
Opiate exposure state controls dopamine D3 receptor and cdk5/calcineurin signaling in the basolateral amygdala during reward and withdrawal aversion memory formation.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Association Learning; Avoidance Learning; Basolateral Nuclear Complex; Calcineurin; Conditioning, Psychological; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 5; Disease Models, Animal; Heroin; Male; Memory; Opioid-Related Disorders; Ranolazine; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D3; Reward; Signal Transduction; Spatial Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2017 |
Incubation of cue-induced reinstatement of cocaine, but not sucrose, seeking in C57BL/6J mice.
Topics: Animals; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Operant; Craving; Cues; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Extinction, Psychological; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Recurrence; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose | 2017 |
Increased entrances to side compartments indicate incubation of craving in morphine-induced rat and tree shrew CPP models.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Craving; Cues; Environment; Male; Morphine Dependence; Psychology, Experimental; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tupaiidae | 2017 |
Neurobiological Correlates of Pain Avoidance-Like Behavior in Morphine-Dependent and Non-Dependent Rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motivation; Pain; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2017 |
N-Oleoyl-glycine reduces nicotine reward and withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Cerebral Cortex; Conditioning, Classical; Glycine; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Nicotine; Oleic Acids; Oxazoles; PPAR alpha; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Tyrosine | 2019 |
Effects of acute morphine withdrawal on ultrasonic vocalizations in adult rats: unchanged 50-kHz call rate and altered subtype profile.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ultrasonic Waves; Vocalization, Animal | 2018 |
Inter-individual differences in serotonin and glutamate co-transmission reflect differentiation in context-induced conditioned 50-kHz USVs response after morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Morphine; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission; Time Factors; Ultrasonic Waves; Vocalization, Animal | 2018 |
New insights on the effects of varenicline on nicotine reward, withdrawal and hyperalgesia in mice.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Inbred ICR; Mice, Transgenic; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Smoking Cessation Agents; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Varenicline | 2018 |
c-Fos marking of identified midbrain neurons coactive after nicotine administration in-vivo.
Topics: Animals; Autonomic Nervous System; Cocaine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dopaminergic Neurons; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Immunohistochemistry; Male; Mesencephalon; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Neurons; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Transcriptional Activation; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2018 |
Differential effects of withdrawal from intermittent and continuous nicotine exposure on reward deficit and somatic aspects of nicotine withdrawal and expression of α4β2* nAChRs in Wistar male rats.
Topics: Animals; Autoantigens; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Drug Administration Schedule; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Iodine Radioisotopes; Limbic Lobe; Male; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Pyridines; Radioligand Assay; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Up-Regulation; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2018 |
Withdrawal from repeated morphine administration augments expression of the RhoA network in the nucleus accumbens to control synaptic structure.
Topics: Animals; Cytoplasm; Dendritic Spines; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Reward; rho GTP-Binding Proteins; rhoA GTP-Binding Protein; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synapses; Synaptosomes | 2018 |
The circadian gene, Per2, influences methamphetamine sensitization and reward through the dopaminergic system in the striatum of mice.
Topics: Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Conditioning, Psychological; Corpus Striatum; Dopaminergic Neurons; Gene Knockout Techniques; Male; Methamphetamine; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Period Circadian Proteins; Postural Balance; Protease Inhibitors; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2019 |
The histone demethylase KDM6B in the medial prefrontal cortex epigenetically regulates cocaine reward memory.
Topics: Animals; Benzazepines; Cocaine; Conditioning, Psychological; Enzyme Inhibitors; Extinction, Psychological; Jumonji Domain-Containing Histone Demethylases; Male; Memory; Memory Consolidation; Mice; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyrimidines; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2018 |
Oleoyl glycine: interference with the aversive effects of acute naloxone-precipitated MWD, but not morphine reward, in male Sprague-Dawley rats.
Topics: Amygdala; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Glycine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Oleic Acids; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2019 |
Sucrose and saccharin differentially modulate depression and anxiety-like behavior in diabetic mice: exposures and withdrawal effects.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Brain; Depression; Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental; Female; Male; Mice; Reward; Saccharin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose | 2019 |
The β3 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor is required for nicotine withdrawal-induced affective but not physical signs or nicotine reward in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Female; Gene Knockout Techniques; Genotype; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2019 |
The α3β4* nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subtype mediates nicotine reward and physical nicotine withdrawal signs independently of the α5 subunit in the mouse.
Topics: Animals; Conotoxins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2013 |
Effects of the beta-lactam antibiotic ceftriaxone on nicotine withdrawal and nicotine-induced reinstatement of preference in mice.
Topics: Amino Acid Transport Systems; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftriaxone; Conditioning, Psychological; Cysteine; Excitatory Amino Acid Transporter 2; Extinction, Psychological; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nicotine; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2013 |
The cannabinoid CB2 receptor is necessary for nicotine-conditioned place preference, but not other behavioral effects of nicotine in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anisoles; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Conditioning, Psychological; Cyclohexanols; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2013 |
Mesoaccumbens dopamine signaling alteration underlies behavioral transition from tolerance to sensitization to morphine rewarding properties during morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Action Potentials; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Apomorphine; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agents; Dopaminergic Neurons; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2014 |
The histidine triad nucleotide binding 1 protein is involved in nicotine reward and physical nicotine withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Nicotine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2013 |
Neuroimaging in clinical studies of craving: importance of reward and control networks.
Topics: Brain; Executive Function; Humans; Nerve Net; Neuroimaging; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Treatment Outcome | 2013 |
Role of CB2 cannabinoid receptors in the rewarding, reinforcing, and physical effects of nicotine.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB2; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2013 |
Sex differences in negative affect and lapse behavior during acute tobacco abstinence: a laboratory study.
Topics: Adult; Affective Symptoms; Anger; Anxiety; Behavior Therapy; Confusion; Depression; Disease Susceptibility; Female; Humans; Los Angeles; Male; Middle Aged; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; Reward; Severity of Illness Index; Sex Factors; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2013 |
A multistep general theory of transition to addiction.
Topics: Behavior, Addictive; Drug Tolerance; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Humans; Models, Psychological; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2013 |
Effects of acute withdrawal on ethanol-induced conditioned place preference in DBA/2J mice.
Topics: Alcohol-Related Disorders; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Conditioning, Psychological; Ethanol; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred DBA; Reward; Space Perception; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2014 |
Withdrawal from extended-access cocaine self-administration results in dysregulated functional activity and altered locomotor activity in rats.
Topics: Animals; Attention; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Glucose; Learning; Locomotion; Male; Memory; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Self Administration; Sleep; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2013 |
Prequit fMRI responses to pleasant cues and cigarette-related cues predict smoking cessation outcome.
Topics: Adult; Brain; Cues; Emotions; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Reward; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Products; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2014 |
Extinction of opiate reward reduces dendritic arborization and c-Fos expression in the nucleus accumbens core.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Dendrites; Dendritic Spines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extinction, Psychological; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid-Related Disorders; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Reward; Space Perception; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2014 |
Targeted expression of μ-opioid receptors in a subset of striatal direct-pathway neurons restores opiate reward.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Exploratory Behavior; Flow Cytometry; Green Fluorescent Proteins; Mice; Mice, Transgenic; Microdialysis; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neural Pathways; Neurons; Pain; Pain Measurement; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2014 |
Attenuation by baclofen of nicotine rewarding properties and nicotine withdrawal manifestations.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Baclofen; Conditioning, Psychological; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; Male; Mice; Movement; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Receptors, GABA-B; Reward; Space Perception; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2014 |
Adolescent intermittent ethanol exposure diminishes anhedonia during ethanol withdrawal in adulthood.
Topics: Alcohol-Related Disorders; Anhedonia; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Depressants; Electric Stimulation; Ethanol; Male; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2014 |
Effects of exercise on craving and cigarette smoking in the human laboratory.
Topics: Adult; Affect; Analysis of Variance; Craving; Exercise; Female; Humans; Male; Physical Exertion; Reward; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2014 |
Sustained AAV-mediated overexpression of CRF in the central amygdala diminishes the depressive-like state associated with nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dependovirus; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2014 |
Weak ventral striatal responses to monetary outcomes predict an unwillingness to resist cigarette smoking.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Analysis of Variance; Choice Behavior; Feedback, Psychological; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Oxygen; Predictive Value of Tests; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Striatum; Young Adult | 2014 |
Effects of methoxsalen, a CYP2A5/6 inhibitor, on nicotine dependence behaviors in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; Conditioning, Psychological; Cytochrome P450 Family 2; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Hyperalgesia; Male; Mecamylamine; Methoxsalen; Mice, Inbred ICR; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Reward; Severity of Illness Index; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2014 |
Effect of naltrexone on neuropathic pain in mice locally transfected with the mutant μ-opioid receptor gene in spinal cord.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Genetic Vectors; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Lentivirus; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Mutation; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Neuralgia; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Spinal Cord; Spinal Nerves; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Transfection | 2015 |
Inflated reward value in early opiate withdrawal.
Topics: Amygdala; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Male; Morphine; Motivation; Rats, Long-Evans; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose | 2016 |
Null mutation of the β2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor subunit attenuates nicotine withdrawal-induced anhedonia in mice.
Topics: Anhedonia; Animals; Gene Deletion; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microinjections; Nicotine; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
Naloxone-precipitated withdrawal causes an increase in impulsivity in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Delay Discounting; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Impulsive Behavior; Male; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
Cocaine-induced suppression of saccharin intake and morphine modulation of Ca²⁺ channel currents in sensory neurons of OPRM1 A118G mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Calcium Channels; Cells, Cultured; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eating; Humans; Male; Mice, Transgenic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Saccharin; Sensory Receptor Cells; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Trigeminal Ganglion | 2015 |
Stereochemistry and neuropharmacology of a 'bath salt' cathinone: S-enantiomer of mephedrone reduces cocaine-induced reward and withdrawal in invertebrates.
Topics: Animals; Cocaine; Conditioning, Psychological; Methamphetamine; Movement; Planarians; Reward; Stereotyped Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
Temporal regulation of peripheral BDNF levels during cocaine and morphine withdrawal: comparison with a natural reward.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cocaine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Injections, Subcutaneous; Male; Morphine; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2014 |
Intracranial self-stimulation reward thresholds during morphine withdrawal in rats bred for high (HiS) and low (LoS) saccharin intake.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Outbred Strains; Electric Stimulation; Food Preferences; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Implantable Neurostimulators; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotics; Random Allocation; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Saccharin; Self Stimulation; Species Specificity; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
The effects of nicotine dependence and acute abstinence on the processing of drug and non-drug rewards.
Topics: Carbon Monoxide; Choice Behavior; Craving; Cross-Over Studies; Depression; Female; Humans; Male; Motivation; Nicotine; Pleasure; Psychomotor Performance; Reading; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Young Adult | 2015 |
Tobacco withdrawal symptoms mediate motivation to reinstate smoking during abstinence.
Topics: Adult; Behavior, Addictive; Female; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Nicotiana; Reward; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
[Hell after the pleasure: drug-induced negative symptoms involve lateral habenula].
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Brain Mapping; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Depression; Dopaminergic Neurons; Efferent Pathways; Habenula; Humans; Models, Neurological; Motor Activity; Neuronal Plasticity; Pleasure; Protein Transport; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2015 |
Chronic treatment with the vasopressin 1b receptor antagonist SSR149415 prevents the dysphoria associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Indoles; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pyrrolidines; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Vasopressin; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
Neuroimmune Regulation of GABAergic Neurons Within the Ventral Tegmental Area During Withdrawal from Chronic Morphine.
Topics: Animals; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cocaine; GABAergic Neurons; K Cl- Cotransporters; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microglia; Models, Neurological; Morphine; Neuroimmunomodulation; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Symporters; Ventral Thalamic Nuclei | 2016 |
Pleiotrophin modulates morphine withdrawal but has no effects on morphine-conditioned place preference.
Topics: Animals; Carrier Proteins; Conditioning, Classical; Cytokines; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
Regulator of G-Protein Signaling 7 Regulates Reward Behavior by Controlling Opioid Signaling in the Striatum.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Corpus Striatum; Dopaminergic Neurons; Drug Tolerance; Female; Glutamic Acid; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Pain Measurement; Reward; RGS Proteins; Self Administration; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2016 |
Phosphorylation of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor is increased in the nucleus accumbens during both acute and extended morphine withdrawal.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Calcineurin; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; Dizocilpine Maleate; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Feeding Behavior; Male; Morphine; Nucleus Accumbens; Phosphorylation; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward; Serine; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2015 |
The implications of sleep disruption for cognitive and affective processing in methamphetamine abuse.
Topics: Behavior; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cognition; Cognition Disorders; Emotions; Humans; Memory; Methamphetamine; Reward; Sleep; Sleep Wake Disorders; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2015 |
Heroin delay discounting: Modulation by pharmacological state, drug-use impulsivity, and intelligence.
Topics: Adult; Delay Discounting; Emotional Intelligence; Female; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Impulsive Behavior; Intelligence; Male; Middle Aged; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Young Adult | 2015 |
The Effects of 4-Methylethcathinone on Conditioned Place Preference, Locomotor Sensitization, and Anxiety-Like Behavior: A Comparison with Methamphetamine.
Topics: Amphetamines; Animals; Anxiety; Central Nervous System Agents; Conditioning, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Methamphetamine; Motor Activity; Propiophenones; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Spatial Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2016 |
Blunted striatal response to monetary reward anticipation during smoking abstinence predicts lapse during a contingency-managed quit attempt.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anticipation, Psychological; Craving; Female; Humans; Individuality; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Neostriatum; Recurrence; Reward; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Young Adult | 2016 |
N-acetylcysteine decreased nicotine reward-like properties and withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Acetylcysteine; Animals; Association Learning; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nicotine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2016 |
Evidence of anhedonia and differential reward processing in prefrontal cortex among post-withdrawal patients with prescription opiate dependence.
Topics: Adult; Anhedonia; Brain Mapping; Case-Control Studies; Cues; Emotions; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Opioid-Related Disorders; Prefrontal Cortex; Reward; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2016 |
Noni (Morinda citrifolia L.) fruit extract attenuates the rewarding effect of heroin in conditioned place preference but not withdrawal in rodents.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Fruit; Heroin; Male; Mice, Inbred ICR; Models, Animal; Morinda; Naloxone; Plant Extracts; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2016 |
A thalamic input to the nucleus accumbens mediates opiate dependence.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Disease Models, Animal; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid-Related Disorders; Optogenetics; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission; Thalamus | 2016 |
STEP signaling pathway mediates psychomotor stimulation and morphine withdrawal symptoms, but not for reward, analgesia and tolerance.
Topics: Analgesia; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Corpus Striatum; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Resistance; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Phosphorylation; Point Mutation; Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor; Psychomotor Agitation; Receptors, Opioid; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2016 |
fMRI study of neural sensitization to hedonic stimuli in long-term, daily cannabis users.
Topics: Adult; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cannabis; Craving; Cross-Sectional Studies; Cues; Female; Food Preferences; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Marijuana Abuse; Motivation; Neuropsychological Tests; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Visual Perception | 2016 |
Cocaine withdrawal alters the reward omission effect and enhances traits of negative urgency in rats across multiple days of testing.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2016 |
Overexpression of CRF in the BNST diminishes dysphoria but not anxiety-like behavior in nicotine withdrawing rats.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dependovirus; Disease Models, Animal; Genetic Vectors; Male; Mecamylamine; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Self Stimulation; Septal Nuclei; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2016 |
The nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor agonist SR-8993 as a candidate therapeutic for alcohol use disorders: validation in rat models.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Depressants; Conditioning, Operant; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Ethanol; Ligands; Male; Nociceptin Receptor; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2016 |
Multi-system state shifts and cognitive deficits induced by chronic morphine during abstinence.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Brain Mapping; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cognition Disorders; Emotions; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Memory, Short-Term; Morphine; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Social Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2017 |
The consummatory and motivational behaviors for natural rewards following long-term withdrawal from morphine: no anhedonia but persistent maladaptive behaviors for high-value rewards.
Topics: Anhedonia; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motivation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose | 2017 |
Chronic bupropion differentially alters the reinforcing, reward-enhancing and conditioned motivational properties of nicotine in rats.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Brain; Bupropion; Conditioning, Psychological; Drug Administration Schedule; Electric Stimulation; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2008 |
Effects of fentanyl dose and exposure duration on the affective and somatic signs of fentanyl withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Affective Symptoms; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fentanyl; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2008 |
Dopamine signaling through D1-like versus D2-like receptors in the nucleus accumbens core versus shell differentially modulates nicotine reward sensitivity.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Catheterization; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Motivation; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tegmentum Mesencephali; Tissue Distribution | 2008 |
Contingent and non-contingent effects of low-dose ethanol on GABA neuron activity in the ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Conditioning, Operant; Electrophysiology; Ethanol; Extracellular Space; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Neurons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synapses; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2009 |
The role of nicotine in smoking: a dual-reinforcement model.
Topics: Animals; Association Learning; Conditioning, Psychological; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Ganglionic Stimulants; Humans; Motivation; Nicotine; Rats; Reward; Self Administration; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Social Environment; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2009 |
Deficit in brain reward function and acute and protracted anxiety-like behavior after discontinuation of a chronic alcohol liquid diet in rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Diet; Ethanol; Male; Maze Learning; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2009 |
Anatomically dissociable effects of dopamine D1 receptor agonists on reward and relief of withdrawal in morphine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Benzazepines; Brain; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine Agonists; Male; Microinjections; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2009 |
Corticotropin-releasing factor-1 receptor activation mediates nicotine withdrawal-induced deficit in brain reward function and stress-induced relapse.
Topics: Animals; Benzenesulfonates; Brain; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Extinction, Psychological; Food; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Nicotine; Peptide Fragments; Psychomotor Performance; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Recurrence; Reward; Self Stimulation; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2009 |
Role of mu- and delta-opioid receptors in the nucleus accumbens in cocaine-seeking behavior.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; beta-Endorphin; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalin, D-Penicillamine (2,5)-; Male; Narcotic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Recurrence; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2009 |
Patterns of change in withdrawal symptoms, desire to smoke, reward motivation and response inhibition across 3 months of smoking abstinence.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Female; Humans; Inhibition, Psychological; London; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Nicotine; Reward; Smoking; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Tobacco Use Disorder; Young Adult | 2009 |
Enhanced nicotine sensitivity in nociceptin/orphanin FQ receptor knockout mice.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Drug Tolerance; Hypothermia; Male; Maze Learning; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nociceptin Receptor; Receptors, Opioid; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2009 |
Nicotine anxiogenic and rewarding effects are decreased in mice lacking beta-endorphin.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; beta-Endorphin; Conditioning, Classical; Crosses, Genetic; Exploratory Behavior; Female; Hyperkinesis; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Pro-Opiomelanocortin; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2009 |
Passive immunization with a nicotine-specific monoclonal antibody decreases brain nicotine levels but does not precipitate withdrawal in nicotine-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Antibodies, Monoclonal; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Immunization, Passive; Immunoglobulin G; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Self Stimulation; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2009 |
Different neural systems mediate morphine reward and its spontaneous withdrawal aversion.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2009 |
Ventral tegmental area BDNF induces an opiate-dependent-like reward state in naive rats.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Conditioning, Psychological; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Flupenthixol; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; Heroin Dependence; Male; Morphine; Muscimol; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Reward; RNA, Messenger; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2009 |
Increased ventral striatal BOLD activity during non-drug reward anticipation in cannabis users.
Topics: Adult; Cannabis; Cues; Dopamine; Female; Humans; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; Limbic System; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Marijuana Abuse; Motivation; Neostriatum; Oxygen; Putamen; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Young Adult | 2010 |
The role of alpha6-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in nicotine reward and withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Body Temperature; Calcium Channel Blockers; Conditioning, Operant; Conotoxins; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Reaction Time; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2009 |
Orexin and leptin are associated with nicotine craving: a link between smoking, appetite and reward.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Appetite; Behavior, Addictive; Case-Control Studies; Female; Humans; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Leptin; Male; Middle Aged; Motivation; Neuropeptides; Nicotine; Orexins; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tobacco Use Disorder; Young Adult | 2010 |
Morphine induces conditioned place preference behavior in histidine decarboxylase knockout mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Brain; Conditioning, Classical; Extinction, Psychological; Histamine; Histidine Decarboxylase; Male; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2010 |
CRF system recruitment mediates dark side of compulsive eating.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Behavior, Animal; Compulsive Behavior; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Diet; Eating; Electrophysiology; Male; Maze Learning; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Reward; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2009 |
Revisiting intragastric ethanol intubation as a dependence induction method for studies of ethanol reward and motivation in rats.
Topics: Alcoholic Intoxication; Alcoholism; Animals; Anxiety; Artifacts; Body Weight; Central Nervous System Depressants; Circadian Rhythm; Disease Models, Animal; Ethanol; Intubation, Gastrointestinal; Male; Motivation; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2010 |
Nicotine dependence is characterized by disordered reward processing in a network driving motivation.
Topics: Algorithms; Cerebral Cortex; Cues; Feedback, Psychological; Functional Laterality; Humans; Limbic System; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Motivation; Nerve Net; Oxygen; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2010 |
Preadolescent tobacco smoke exposure leads to acute nicotine dependence but does not affect the rewarding effects of nicotine or nicotine withdrawal in adulthood in rats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Body Weight; Cotinine; Electric Stimulation; Environmental Exposure; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Reward; Self Stimulation; Sexual Maturation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Tobacco Smoke Pollution; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2010 |
Effect of the selective kappa-opioid receptor antagonist JDTic on nicotine antinociception, reward, and withdrawal in the mouse.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Anxiety; Buprenorphine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hyperalgesia; Hypothermia; Male; Mice; Morphine; Nicotine; Piperidines; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tetrahydroisoquinolines | 2010 |
Withdrawal from chronic exposure to amphetamine, but not nicotine, leads to an immediate and enduring deficit in motivated behavior without affecting social interaction in rats.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Body Weight; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Conditioning, Operant; Depression; Drinking; Eating; Interpersonal Relations; Male; Motivation; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose; Weight Gain | 2010 |
Effects of hydroxymetabolites of bupropion on nicotine dependence behavior in mice.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Behavior, Animal; Bupropion; Conditioning, Operant; Discrimination Learning; Discrimination, Psychological; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Emotions; Hydroxylation; Hyperalgesia; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2010 |
Acute quetiapine dose-dependently exacerbates anhedonia induced by withdrawal from escalating doses of d-amphetamine.
Topics: Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dextroamphetamine; Dibenzothiazepines; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Electric Stimulation; Hypothalamus; Male; Pleasure; Quetiapine Fumarate; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Schizophrenia; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2010 |
The alpha2 adrenergic receptor antagonist idazoxan, but not the serotonin-2A receptor antagonist M100907, partially attenuated reward deficits associated with nicotine, but not amphetamine, withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; Amphetamine; Animals; Brain; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Electrodes, Implanted; Fluorobenzenes; Ganglionic Stimulants; Idazoxan; Male; Nicotine; Piperidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Serotonin Antagonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2010 |
Effects of β-adrenoceptor antagonists on alcohol drinking by alcohol-dependent rats.
Topics: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Alcohol Drinking; Alcoholism; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Male; Nadolol; Norepinephrine; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2010 |
Effects of prazosin, clonidine, and propranolol on the elevations in brain reward thresholds and somatic signs associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Agonists; Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Clonidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Prazosin; Propranolol; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2010 |
NICO-TEEN: neural substrates that mediate adolescent tobacco abuse.
Topics: Adolescent; Aging; Dopamine; Humans; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2011 |
Inhibition of neuronal nitric oxide synthase prevents alterations in medial prefrontal cortex excitability induced by repeated cocaine administration.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Enzyme Inhibitors; Indazoles; Male; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; Patch-Clamp Techniques; Prefrontal Cortex; Pyramidal Cells; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2011 |
Protracted cocaine withdrawal produces circadian rhythmic alterations of phosphorylated GSK-3β in reward-related brain areas in rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Blotting, Western; Circadian Rhythm; Cocaine; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; Male; Motor Activity; Nucleus Accumbens; Phosphorylation; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2011 |
Both GABA(B) receptor activation and blockade exacerbated anhedonic aspects of nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Benzoates; Depression; Drug Synergism; GABA-B Receptor Agonists; GABA-B Receptor Antagonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Male; Nicotine; Phosphinic Acids; Pyrimidines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-B; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2011 |
Inhibition of PKMzeta in nucleus accumbens core abolishes long-term drug reward memory.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Endocytosis; Enzyme Inhibitors; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Male; Memory; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Oligopeptides; Organophosphonates; Piperazines; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Valine | 2011 |
Pharmacological treatments of alcohol and drug addiction: what's new?
Topics: Alcoholism; Humans; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Secondary Prevention; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2011 |
Withdrawal from chronic cocaine administration induces deficits in brain reward function in C57BL/6J mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Choice Behavior; Cocaine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Tolerance; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Microinjections; Motor Activity; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2011 |
PKMζ maintains drug reward and aversion memory in the basolateral amygdala and extinction memory in the infralimbic cortex.
Topics: Amygdala; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Extinction, Psychological; Limbic System; Male; Memory; Morphine; Protein Kinase C; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2011 |
Smoking withdrawal is associated with increases in brain activation during decision making and reward anticipation: a preliminary study.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Anticipation, Psychological; Brain; Brain Mapping; Choice Behavior; Decision Making; Female; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Middle Aged; Psychomotor Performance; Reaction Time; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2012 |
Involvement of orexin in the regulation of stress, depression and reward in alcohol dependence.
Topics: Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; Adult; Alcoholism; Depression; Female; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Male; Middle Aged; Neuropeptides; Orexins; Reward; Severity of Illness Index; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2011 |
Characterization of an alcohol addiction-prone phenotype in mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Anxiety; Central Nervous System Depressants; Cues; Ethanol; Exploratory Behavior; Impulsive Behavior; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motivation; Phenotype; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2012 |
Modulation of the outcome-related negativity associated with nicotine abstinence.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Female; Humans; Male; Predictive Value of Tests; Regression Analysis; Reward; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Surveys and Questionnaires; Tobacco Use Disorder; Young Adult | 2012 |
The pre-synaptic metabotropic glutamate receptor 7 "mGluR7" is a critical modulator of ethanol sensitivity in mice.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Benzhydryl Compounds; Central Nervous System Depressants; Conditioning, Classical; Ethanol; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Motor Activity; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2011 |
Involvement of metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 in brain reward deficits associated with cocaine and nicotine withdrawal and somatic signs of nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: Anhedonia; Animals; Brain; Cocaine; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2012 |
Blockade of CRF1 receptors in the central nucleus of the amygdala attenuates the dysphoria associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; Adrenergic alpha-2 Receptor Antagonists; Amygdala; Animals; Benzenesulfonates; Clonidine; Electrodes, Implanted; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Prazosin; Quinolines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Reward; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2012 |
Increased motivation to eat in opiate-withdrawn mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Cognition; Conditioning, Operant; Eating; Female; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motivation; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2012 |
The effects of exogenous CCK-8 on the acquisition and expression of morphine-induced CPP.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extinction, Psychological; Male; Morphine; Motor Activity; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Sincalide; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2012 |
Geranylgeranylacetone protects mice against morphine-induced hyperlocomotion, rewarding effect, and withdrawal syndrome.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Blotting, Western; Brain; Cell Movement; Diterpenes; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Thioredoxins | 2012 |
Investigation of the neuroanatomical substrates of reward seeking following protracted abstinence in mice.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Mapping; Conditioning, Operant; Cues; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Male; Mice; Morphine; Narcotics; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose | 2012 |
Circadian discrimination of reward: evidence for simultaneous yet separable food- and drug-entrained rhythms in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Behavior, Animal; Biological Clocks; Body Temperature Regulation; Caloric Restriction; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Circadian Rhythm; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Discrimination, Psychological; Feeding Behavior; Male; Motor Activity; Photoperiod; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus; Time Factors | 2012 |
The effect of morphine dependence on impulsive choice in rats.
Topics: Animals; Choice Behavior; Impulsive Behavior; Male; Morphine Dependence; Motivation; Random Allocation; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose; Time Factors | 2012 |
Serotonergic hallucinogens and emerging targets for addiction pharmacotherapies.
Topics: Adult; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cognition; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Glutamates; Hallucinogens; Humans; Ibogaine; Lysergic Acid; Neuronal Plasticity; Nucleus Accumbens; Phytotherapy; Prefrontal Cortex; Psilocybin; Religion; Reward; Serotonin 5-HT2 Receptor Agonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2012 |
The monoamine stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 attenuates voluntary ethanol intake and ethanol-induced dopamine output in nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Behavioral Symptoms; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Discovery; Ethanol; Male; Microdialysis; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Piperidines; Rats; Reward; Secondary Prevention; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2012 |
Reward sensitization: effects of repeated nicotine exposure and withdrawal in mice.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Conditioning, Operant; Electric Stimulation; Mecamylamine; Mice; Microelectrodes; Microinjections; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Up-Regulation | 2012 |
Long-term changes in reward-seeking following morphine withdrawal are associated with altered N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor 1 splice variants in the amygdala.
Topics: Alternative Splicing; Amygdala; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Densitometry; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Morphine; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Temperature; Time Factors | 2012 |
The effect of environmental factors on morphine withdrawal in C57BL/6J mice: running wheel access and group housing.
Topics: Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hot Temperature; Housing, Animal; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Reward; Running; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Temperature; Time Factors | 2012 |
The effects of AMPA receptor blockade in the prelimbic cortex on systemic and ventral tegmental area opiate reward sensitivity.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Prefrontal Cortex; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, AMPA; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2013 |
A dysphoric-like state during early withdrawal from extended access to methamphetamine self-administration in rats.
Topics: Animals; Compulsive Behavior; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Electric Stimulation; Emotions; Male; Methamphetamine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Administration; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2013 |
Extinction of aversive memories associated with morphine withdrawal requires ERK-mediated epigenetic regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor transcription in the rat ventromedial prefrontal cortex.
Topics: Acetylation; Animals; Association Learning; Avoidance Learning; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Butadienes; Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; Conditioning, Classical; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Epigenetic Repression; Extinction, Psychological; Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; Histones; Male; MAP Kinase Signaling System; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nitriles; Prefrontal Cortex; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Protein Processing, Post-Translational; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptor, trkB; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Transcription, Genetic | 2012 |
Implicit and explicit reward learning in chronic nicotine use.
Topics: Adult; Aging; Attention; Chronic Disease; Cues; Depression; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; Executive Function; Female; Humans; Intelligence Tests; Learning; Male; Memory; Memory, Short-Term; Neuropsychological Tests; Photic Stimulation; Psychomotor Performance; Reward; Satiation; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Young Adult | 2013 |
A drug-paired taste cue elicits withdrawal and predicts cocaine self-administration.
Topics: Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Psychological; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug-Seeking Behavior; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Reward; Saccharin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sweetening Agents; Taste | 2013 |
Stress produces aversion and potentiates cocaine reward by releasing endogenous dynorphins in the ventral striatum to locally stimulate serotonin reuptake.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Brain; Cocaine; Corpus Striatum; Dopamine; Dynorphins; G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 3; Male; Membrane Transport Proteins; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Mice, Transgenic; Microinjections; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; Raphe Nuclei; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reward; Serotonin; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Signal Transduction; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptosomes | 2012 |
Nicotine reward and affective nicotine withdrawal signs are attenuated in calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV knockout mice.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 4; Cocaine; Female; Haplotypes; Humans; Linkage Disequilibrium; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Phenotype; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2012 |
Running increases ethanol preference.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Body Weight; Circadian Rhythm; Conditioning, Operant; Eating; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Lew; Reward; Running; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
Exposure to chronic mild stress alters thresholds for lateral hypothalamic stimulation reward and subsequent responsiveness to amphetamine.
Topics: Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Chronic Disease; Food Deprivation; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Restraint, Physical; Reward; Self Stimulation; Stress, Physiological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
Lack of CB1 cannabinoid receptors modifies nicotine behavioural responses, but not nicotine abstinence.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Hot Temperature; Immersion; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Pain Measurement; Reaction Time; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
Effect of cocaine and sucrose withdrawal period on extinction behavior, cue-induced reinstatement, and protein levels of the dopamine transporter and tyrosine hydroxylase in limbic and cortical areas in rats.
Topics: Animals; Cerebral Cortex; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Cues; Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; Extinction, Psychological; Immunoblotting; Limbic System; Male; Membrane Glycoproteins; Membrane Transport Proteins; Nerve Tissue Proteins; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Recurrence; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose; Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase | 2002 |
Attenuation of nicotine-induced antinociception, rewarding effects, and dependence in mu-opioid receptor knock-out mice.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Locomotion; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2002 |
Unmet expectations: the brain minds.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Learning; Memory; Models, Neurological; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Receptors, AMPA; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2003 |
Time-dependent increases in brain-derived neurotrophic factor protein levels within the mesolimbic dopamine system after withdrawal from cocaine: implications for incubation of cocaine craving.
Topics: Acoustic Stimulation; Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Drug Administration Routes; Extinction, Psychological; Limbic System; Male; Nerve Growth Factor; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose; Time; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2003 |
Ohmefentanyl stereoisomers induce changes of CREB phosphorylation in hippocampus of mice in conditioned place preference paradigm.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fentanyl; Hippocampus; Ketamine; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Phosphorylation; Reward; Stereoisomerism; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2003 |
Effects of nandrolone on acute morphine responses, tolerance and dependence in mice.
Topics: Anabolic Agents; Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Nandrolone; Nociceptors; Pain; Pain Measurement; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2003 |
Baclofen attenuates conditioned locomotion to cues associated with cocaine administration and stabilizes extracellular glutamate levels in rat nucleus accumbens.
Topics: Animals; Baclofen; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Psychological; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Extracellular Space; GABA Agonists; gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; Glutamic Acid; Male; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Neurons; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, GABA-B; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2003 |
Bupropion enhances brain reward function and reverses the affective and somatic aspects of nicotine withdrawal in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; Brain; Bupropion; Drug Administration Schedule; Electric Stimulation; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2003 |
Withdrawal from chronic phencyclidine treatment induces long-lasting depression in brain reward function.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Depression; Male; Phencyclidine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2003 |
Impact of nicotine withdrawal on novelty reward and related behaviors.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Cues; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Ganglionic Blockers; Ganglionic Stimulants; Male; Mecamylamine; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Rats; Reaction Time; Reward; Social Environment; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2003 |
Effects of repeated withdrawal episodes, nicotine dose, and duration of nicotine exposure on the severity and duration of nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Stimulation; Sensory Thresholds; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2003 |
Altered motivation and learning following opiate withdrawal: evidence for prolonged dysregulation of reward processing.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Male; Morphine; Motivation; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2003 |
Group II metabotropic and alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA)/kainate glutamate receptors regulate the deficit in brain reward function associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds; Dizocilpine Maleate; Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Male; Nicotine; Pyridines; Quinoxalines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Glutamate; Receptors, Kainic Acid; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2003 |
Methylphenidate and MDMA adolescent exposure in mice: long-lasting consequences on cocaine-induced reward and psychomotor stimulation in adulthood.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Cocaine; Conditioning, Psychological; Male; Methylphenidate; Mice; N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; Psychomotor Performance; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Weight Gain | 2003 |
Withdrawal from chronic amphetamine induces depressive-like behavioral effects in rodents.
Topics: Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Mice; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Swimming | 2003 |
Clozapine treatment attenuated somatic and affective signs of nicotine and amphetamine withdrawal in subsets of rats exhibiting hyposensitivity to the initial effects of clozapine.
Topics: Affective Symptoms; Amphetamine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Clozapine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2003 |
Opiate state controls bi-directional reward signaling via GABAA receptors in the ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; Carbonic Anhydrases; Conditioning, Classical; Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; Dopamine; Enzyme Inhibitors; GABA Agonists; GABA Antagonists; Heroin; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Muscimol; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2004 |
Influence of stressors on the rewarding effects of alcohol in Wistar rats: studies with alcohol deprivation and place conditioning.
Topics: Adaptation, Psychological; Administration, Oral; Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Conditioning, Psychological; Drug Administration Schedule; Electroshock; Ethanol; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Recurrence; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Self Administration; Solutions; Stress, Psychological; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2004 |
Low dose of heroin inhibits drug-seeking elicited by cues after prolonged withdrawal from heroin self-administration in rats.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Cues; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Reward; Risk Factors; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2004 |
Serotonin 5-HT2 receptors and alcohol: reward, withdrawal and discrimination.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Discrimination, Psychological; Humans; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2; Reward; Societies, Medical; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; United States | 2004 |
Brain reward deficits accompany naloxone-precipitated withdrawal from acute opioid dependence.
Topics: Acute Disease; Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Male; Morphine; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2004 |
GABAA receptors signal bidirectional reward transmission from the ventral tegmental area to the tegmental pedunculopontine nucleus as a function of opiate state.
Topics: Animals; Bicuculline; GABA-A Receptor Agonists; GABA-A Receptor Antagonists; Male; Muscimol; Opioid-Related Disorders; Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, GABA-A; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2004 |
Paroxetine combined with a 5-HT(1A) receptor antagonist reversed reward deficits observed during amphetamine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Affective Symptoms; Aminopyridines; Amphetamine; Animals; Brain; Drug Synergism; Hypothalamus, Posterior; Male; Motivation; Norepinephrine; Paroxetine; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Self Stimulation; Serotonin 5-HT1 Receptor Antagonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2005 |
Nicotine in alcohol deprivation increases alcohol operant self-administration during reinstatement.
Topics: Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Ethanol; Male; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2004 |
Nicotine-induced antinociception, rewarding effects, and physical dependence are decreased in mice lacking the preproenkephalin gene.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Dopamine; Enkephalins; Female; Hot Temperature; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid Peptides; Pain Measurement; Pain Threshold; Protein Precursors; Reward; Spatial Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2005 |
Repeated 2 Hz peripheral electrical stimulations suppress morphine-induced CPP and improve spatial memory ability in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Electroacupuncture; Male; Maze Learning; Memory Disorders; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recovery of Function; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Treatment Outcome | 2005 |
Brief access to sweets protect against relapse to cocaine-seeking.
Topics: Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Operant; Dietary Carbohydrates; Extinction, Psychological; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Secondary Prevention; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Taste | 2005 |
Conditioned rewarding stimulus associated with cocaine self-administration reverses the depression of catecholamine brain systems following cocaine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Operant; Cues; Dopamine; Extinction, Psychological; Male; Norepinephrine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2006 |
Conditioned nicotine withdrawal profoundly decreases the activity of brain reward systems.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2005 |
The airway sensory impact of nicotine contributes to the conditioned reinforcing effects of individual puffs from cigarettes.
Topics: Adult; Analysis of Variance; Conditioning, Operant; Female; Ganglionic Stimulants; Heart Rate; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Nicotine; Reinforcement, Psychology; Respiratory System; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Surveys and Questionnaires | 2005 |
Ultra-low-dose naltrexone suppresses rewarding effects of opiates and aversive effects of opiate withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Classical; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Injections, Subcutaneous; Morphine Dependence; Motivation; Naltrexone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; Orientation; Oxycodone; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2005 |
Decreased sensitivity to the effects of dopamine D1-like, but not D2-like, receptor antagonism in the posterior hypothalamic region/anterior ventral tegmental area on brain reward function during chronic exposure to nicotine in rats.
Topics: Animals; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Drug Administration Schedule; Drug Tolerance; Hypothalamus, Posterior; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2005 |
Severe deficit in brain reward function associated with fentanyl withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Affect; Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fentanyl; Male; Medial Forebrain Bundle; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Self Stimulation; Sensory Thresholds; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2006 |
Nicotine self-administration acutely activates brain reward systems and induces a long-lasting increase in reward sensitivity.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2006 |
Effects of chronic alcohol and repeated deprivations on dopamine D1 and D2 receptor levels in the extended amygdala of inbred alcohol-preferring rats.
Topics: Alcoholism; Amygdala; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain Mapping; Ethanol; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2006 |
Addiction-related alterations in D1 and D2 dopamine receptor behavioral responses following chronic cocaine self-administration.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Chronic Disease; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Agonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Hyperkinesis; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2007 |
Effects of expectancy and abstinence on the neural response to smoking cues in cigarette smokers: an fMRI study.
Topics: Adult; Brain; Brain Mapping; Cognition; Cues; Female; Gyrus Cinguli; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Neural Pathways; Neuropsychological Tests; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Photic Stimulation; Prefrontal Cortex; Reward; Smoking; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2006 |
Diminished nicotine withdrawal in adolescent rats: implications for vulnerability to addiction.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cotinine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Self Stimulation; Sensory Thresholds; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2006 |
Conditioned withdrawal drives heroin consumption and decreases reward sensitivity.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2006 |
Animal models/tests of drug addiction: a quest for the holy grail, or the pursuit of wild geese?
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Motivation; Reward; Rodentia; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2006 |
Will the last person who uses the term 'reward' please turn out the lights? Comments on processes related to reinforcement, learning, motivation and effort.
Topics: Alcoholism; Animals; Association Learning; Conditioning, Psychological; Motivation; Physical Exertion; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Rodentia; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2006 |
Attenuation of nicotine-induced rewarding effects in A2A knockout mice.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Psychological; Dopamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Mice; Mice, Knockout; Microdialysis; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nucleus Accumbens; Receptor, Adenosine A2A; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Taste | 2006 |
An endogenous neuroprotectant substance, 1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (1MeTIQ), prevents the behavioral and neurochemical effects of cocaine reinstatement in drug-dependent rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Limbic System; Male; Neural Pathways; Neuroprotective Agents; Norepinephrine; Rats; Reward; Secondary Prevention; Self Administration; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tetrahydroisoquinolines; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2007 |
Decreased reward during acute alcohol withdrawal in rats selectively bred for low alcohol drinking.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Depressants; Conditioning, Operant; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Ethanol; Male; Rats; Reward; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2006 |
Brain reward deficits accompany withdrawal (hangover) from acute ethanol in rats.
Topics: Affective Symptoms; Alcoholic Intoxication; Animals; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Ethanol; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2006 |
Antagonism of CRF receptors prevents the deficit in brain reward function associated with precipitated nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Administration Schedule; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2007 |
Effects of aripiprazole on operant responding for a natural reward after psychostimulant withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Aripiprazole; Behavior, Animal; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine Agents; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Male; Motivation; Piperazines; Quinolones; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2007 |
Heroin addiction: anticipating the reward of heroin or the agony of withdrawal?
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Classical; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2006 |
Biphasic alterations in serotonin-1B (5-HT1B) receptor function during abstinence from extended cocaine self-administration.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Male; Motor Activity; Neural Pathways; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Serotonin, 5-HT1B; Reward; Self Administration; Serotonin; Serotonin Receptor Agonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission; Ventral Tegmental Area | 2006 |
Some rewarding effects of androgens may be mediated by actions of its 5alpha-reduced metabolite 3alpha-androstanediol.
Topics: 3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase; Adolescent; Anabolic Agents; Androgens; Androstane-3,17-diol; Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine; Drug Tolerance; Humans; Norepinephrine; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 2007 |
Interactive effects of the mGlu5 receptor antagonist MPEP and the mGlu2/3 receptor antagonist LY341495 on nicotine self-administration and reward deficits associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Eating; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; Ganglionic Stimulants; Infusions, Intravenous; Injections, Intraperitoneal; Male; Nicotine; Pyridines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Xanthenes | 2007 |
Opiate withdrawal modifies synaptic plasticity in subicular-nucleus accumbens pathway in vivo.
Topics: Animals; Electric Stimulation; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; Hippocampus; Long-Term Potentiation; Long-Term Synaptic Depression; Male; Memory; Morphine; Narcotics; Neural Pathways; Neuronal Plasticity; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission | 2007 |
The effects of buprenorphine on fentanyl withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Buprenorphine; Disease Models, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Emotions; Fentanyl; Male; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 2007 |
Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and its inducer inhibit morphine-induced rewarding effects and sensitization.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Dipeptides; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Reward; RNA, Messenger; Spatial Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha | 2007 |
'Nicotine deprivation effect' in rats with intermittent 23-hour access to intravenous nicotine self-administration.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Food; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Mecamylamine; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder; Water | 2007 |
Reduced alcohol consumption in mice lacking preprodynorphin.
Topics: Alcohol Drinking; Animals; Central Nervous System Depressants; Conditioning, Operant; Dynorphins; Ethanol; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Phenotype; Postural Balance; Protein Precursors; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Reflex; Reward; Saccharin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Sucrose; Taste | 2006 |
Nicotine dependence and reward differ between adolescent and adult male mice.
Topics: Age Factors; Animals; Brain; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Nicotine; Reward; Rubidium; Smoking Cessation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2007 |
Elevations of FosB in the nucleus accumbens during forced cocaine abstinence correlate with divergent changes in reward function.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Gene Expression Regulation; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Systole | 2007 |
Chronic bupropion attenuated the anhedonic component of nicotine withdrawal in rats via inhibition of dopamine reuptake in the nucleus accumbens shell.
Topics: Animals; Bupropion; Dopamine; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Administration Schedule; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Potassium; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission; Tobacco Use Disorder; Up-Regulation | 2007 |
Metabotropic glutamate 2/3 receptor activation induced reward deficits but did not aggravate brain reward deficits associated with spontaneous nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Amino Acids; Animals; Brain; Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; Male; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2007 |
Autoantibodies against opioid or glutamate receptors are associated with changes in morphine reward and physical dependence in mice.
Topics: Animals; Arousal; Autoantibodies; Avoidance Learning; Brain; Conditioning, Operant; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Down-Regulation; Grooming; Immunization; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motivation; Motor Activity; Naloxone; Peptide Fragments; Receptors, AMPA; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Social Environment; Stereotyped Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2008 |
Age-dependent differences in nicotine reward and withdrawal in female mice.
Topics: Aging; Animals; Anxiety; Body Temperature; Conditioning, Operant; Drug Tolerance; Female; Mice; Mice, Inbred ICR; Motor Activity; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Pain Measurement; Reaction Time; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2008 |
Symptoms of exercise dependence and physical activity in students.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Attitude; Behavior, Addictive; Body Mass Index; Body Weight; Exercise; Female; Health Behavior; Humans; Male; Motivation; Motor Activity; Reward; Social Adjustment; Stereotyped Behavior; Students; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors | 2007 |
Wheel-running behavior is altered following withdrawal from repeated cocaine in adult rats.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Exploratory Behavior; Habituation, Psychophysiologic; Male; Motivation; Motor Activity; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Recurrence; Reward; Statistics, Nonparametric; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2008 |
The effects of chronic versus acute desipramine on nicotine withdrawal and nicotine self-administration in the rat.
Topics: Animals; Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; Conditioning, Operant; Depression; Desipramine; Food; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Injections, Intravenous; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Reward; Self Administration; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2008 |
The endogenous cannabinoid system modulates nicotine reward and dependence.
Topics: Animals; Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; Conditioning, Psychological; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Nicotine; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1; Reward; Rimonabant; Signal Transduction; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2008 |
Decreased brain reward function during nicotine withdrawal in C57BL6 mice: evidence from intracranial self-stimulation (ICSS) studies.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Drug Implants; Electrodes, Implanted; Male; Mecamylamine; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Nicotinic Antagonists; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2008 |
Effects of NPY and the specific Y1 receptor agonist [D-His(26)]-NPY on the deficit in brain reward function and somatic signs associated with nicotine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Animals; Arginine; Brain; Drug Implants; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Male; Neuropeptide Y; Nicotine; Nicotinic Agonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; Receptors, Neuropeptide; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2008 |
Dissociation between long-lasting behavioral sensitization to amphetamine and impulsive choice in rats performing a delay-discounting task.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Choice Behavior; Conditioning, Operant; Food; Impulsive Behavior; Male; Motivation; Motor Activity; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; Stereotyped Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2008 |
Neural substrates of opiate reinforcement.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Conditioning, Operant; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Limbic System; Mesencephalon; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Neural Pathways; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1983 |
The symptoms of alcohol withdrawal as predictors of behavioral and physiological responses to an ethanol stimulus.
Topics: Adult; Alcoholism; Behavior; Conditioning, Operant; Ethanol; Galvanic Skin Response; Humans; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1983 |
Decreased brain reward produced by ethanol withdrawal.
Topics: Alcoholism; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Brain; Electric Stimulation; Ethanol; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1995 |
Withdrawal from chronic amphetamine elevates baseline intracranial self-stimulation thresholds.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Brain; Dextroamphetamine; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral; Male; Rats; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1995 |
Regulation of cytochrome c oxidase subunit mRNA and enzyme activity in rat brain reward regions during withdrawal from chronic cocaine.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Caudate Nucleus; Cocaine; Electron Transport Complex IV; Isoenzymes; Male; Nucleus Accumbens; Prefrontal Cortex; Putamen; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reward; RNA, Messenger; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1995 |
Withdrawal following cocaine self-administration decreases regional cerebral metabolic rate in critical brain reward regions.
Topics: Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Cocaine; Deoxyglucose; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors; Tissue Distribution | 1993 |
Loss of morphine-induced analgesia, reward effect and withdrawal symptoms in mice lacking the mu-opioid-receptor gene.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cell Line; Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; Enkephalins; Gene Deletion; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Narcotics; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1996 |
Deprivation state switches the neurobiological substrates mediating opiate reward in the ventral tegmental area.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Psychological; Dopamine Antagonists; Environment; Flupenthixol; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Narcotics; Pons; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tegmentum Mesencephali | 1997 |
Marijuana addiction.
Topics: Animals; Cannabis; Dopamine; Dronabinol; Humans; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1997 |
Drug abuse: hedonic homeostatic dysregulation.
Topics: Adaptation, Physiological; Amygdala; Animals; Behavior, Addictive; Brain; Dopamine; Homeostasis; Humans; Illicit Drugs; Neurotransmitter Agents; Recurrence; Reinforcement, Psychology; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1997 |
Cannabis dependence, withdrawal, and reinforcing effects among adolescents with conduct symptoms and substance use disorders.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Age of Onset; Cannabis; Chi-Square Distribution; Conduct Disorder; Disease Progression; Female; Humans; Interview, Psychological; Juvenile Delinquency; Male; Marijuana Abuse; Marijuana Smoking; Multivariate Analysis; Prevalence; Reward; Sampling Studies; Severity of Illness Index; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1998 |
Dramatic decreases in brain reward function during nicotine withdrawal.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Dihydro-beta-Erythroidine; Disease Models, Animal; Infusion Pumps, Implantable; Male; Motivation; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Stimulation; Sensory Thresholds; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1998 |
Nicotine addiction and the lure of reward.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Cartoons as Topic; Humans; Nicotine; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1998 |
Withdrawal of presession saccharin suppresses food-maintained responding in rats.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Operant; Disease Models, Animal; Drinking; Feeding Behavior; Food; Humans; Male; Rats; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Saccharin; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Water | 1998 |
Differential effects of withdrawal from chronic amphetamine or fluoxetine administration on brain stimulation reward in the rat--interactions between the two drugs.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Drug Interactions; Fluoxetine; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1999 |
Role of adenosine A2 receptors in brain stimulation reward under baseline conditions and during cocaine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Adenosine; Animals; Brain; Caffeine; Cocaine; Differential Threshold; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Drug Interactions; Electric Stimulation; Male; Phenethylamines; Purinergic P1 Receptor Agonists; Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, Purinergic P1; Reference Values; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Theobromine | 1999 |
Reward and somatic changes during precipitated nicotine withdrawal in rats: centrally and peripherally mediated effects.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Chlorisondamine; Injections, Intraventricular; Male; Mecamylamine; Naloxone; Nicotine; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Nicotinic; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2000 |
The role of formalin-induced pain in morphine tolerance, withdrawal, and reward.
Topics: Analgesics, Opioid; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Tolerance; Formaldehyde; Male; Morphine; Pain; Pain Measurement; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2000 |
Factors that determine a propensity for cocaine-seeking behavior during abstinence in rats.
Topics: Amphetamine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cocaine; Cocaine-Related Disorders; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Drug Interactions; Exploratory Behavior; Locomotion; Male; Psychomotor Performance; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Reaction Time; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2000 |
Cannabinoid receptors and reward in the rat: a conditioned place preference study.
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Cannabinoids; Conditioning, Psychological; Dronabinol; Male; Piperidines; Pyrazoles; Rats; Receptors, Cannabinoid; Receptors, Drug; Reward; Rimonabant; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2000 |
Effects of repeated withdrawal from continuous amphetamine administration on brain reward function in rats.
Topics: Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Depression; Male; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Stimulation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2000 |
The D2 receptor is critical in mediating opiate motivation only in opiate-dependent and withdrawn mice.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Conditioning, Psychological; Female; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mice, Knockout; Motivation; Narcotics; Opioid-Related Disorders; Receptors, Dopamine D2; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2001 |
Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol releases and facilitates the effects of endogenous enkephalins: reduction in morphine withdrawal syndrome without change in rewarding effect.
Topics: Analgesics; Animals; Binding, Competitive; Conditioning, Psychological; Diprenorphine; Disulfides; Dronabinol; Drug Interactions; Enkephalin, Methionine; Extracellular Space; Male; Mice; Morphine; Motor Activity; Narcotic Antagonists; Narcotics; Neurons; Nociceptors; Nucleus Accumbens; Phenylalanine; Psychotropic Drugs; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tritium | 2001 |
Fluoxetine combined with a serotonin-1A receptor antagonist reversed reward deficits observed during nicotine and amphetamine withdrawal in rats.
Topics: Aminopyridines; Amphetamine; Amphetamine-Related Disorders; Animals; Body Weight; Brain; Depression; Disease Models, Animal; Drug Combinations; Electric Stimulation; Fluoxetine; Male; Mecamylamine; Neurons; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Piperazines; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reaction Time; Receptors, Serotonin; Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; Reward; Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; Serotonin; Serotonin Antagonists; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Synaptic Transmission; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2001 |
Rewarding properties of methylphenidate: sensitization by prior exposure to the drug and effects of dopamine D1- and D2-receptor antagonists.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Benzazepines; Body Weight; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine Antagonists; Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; Eating; Male; Methylphenidate; Motor Activity; Raclopride; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Receptors, Dopamine D1; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Taste | 2001 |
The role of withdrawal in heroin addiction: enhances reward or promotes avoidance?
Topics: Animals; Avoidance Learning; Behavior, Animal; Heroin; Heroin Dependence; Male; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2001 |
The nicotinic antagonist methyllycaconitine has differential effects on nicotine self-administration and nicotine withdrawal in the rat.
Topics: Aconitine; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Disease Models, Animal; Electric Stimulation; Electrodes, Implanted; Male; Nicotine; Nicotinic Antagonists; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tobacco Use Disorder | 2001 |
Impairments of reversal learning and response perseveration after repeated, intermittent cocaine administrations to monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Chlorocebus aethiops; Cocaine; Conditioning, Operant; Discrimination Learning; Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; Female; Male; Reinforcement Schedule; Reversal Learning; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
Motivational state determines the functional role of the mesolimbic dopamine system in the mediation of opiate reward processes.
Topics: Animals; Antipsychotic Agents; Avoidance Learning; Conditioning, Operant; Dopamine; Flupenthixol; Limbic System; Lithium Chloride; Male; Microinjections; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Motivation; Narcotics; Nucleus Accumbens; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
Chronic morphine treatment modulates the extracellular levels of endogenous enkephalins in rat brain structures involved in opiate dependence: a microdialysis study.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Cholecystokinin; Conditioning, Psychological; Drug Administration Schedule; Enkephalins; Extracellular Space; Hippocampus; Male; Microdialysis; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Nucleus Accumbens; Opioid Peptides; Periaqueductal Gray; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Wakefulness | 2002 |
Motivational effects of cannabinoids are mediated by mu-opioid and kappa-opioid receptors.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cannabinoids; Crosses, Genetic; Dronabinol; Drug Tolerance; Hypothermia; Marijuana Abuse; Mice; Mice, Inbred Strains; Mice, Knockout; Motivation; Motor Activity; Piperidines; Psychotropic Drugs; Pyrazoles; Receptors, Opioid, delta; Receptors, Opioid, kappa; Receptors, Opioid, mu; Reward; Rimonabant; Spatial Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
Environment associated with morphine and experience of aggression modulate behaviors of postdependent mice.
Topics: Agonistic Behavior; Animals; Convalescence; Environment; Housing, Animal; Male; Mice; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Narcotic Antagonists; Reward; Single-Blind Method; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Tremor | 2002 |
Repeated electroconvulsive shock attenuates the depressive-like effects of d-amphetamine withdrawal on brain reward function in rats.
Topics: Animals; Brain; Central Nervous System Stimulants; Depression; Dextroamphetamine; Electric Stimulation; Electroshock; Male; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 2002 |
Changes in morphine self-administration and morphine dependence after lesions of the caudate nucleus in rats.
Topics: Animals; Body Weight; Caudate Nucleus; Conditioning, Operant; Female; Humans; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Rats; Reward; Stereotaxic Techniques; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1975 |
Some behavioural signs of morphine withdrawal blocked by condition stimuli.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Conditioning, Classical; Conflict, Psychological; Disease Models, Animal; Extinction, Psychological; Humans; Male; Morphine; Morphine Dependence; Naloxone; Punishment; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1975 |
The relative effectiveness of a medical hospitalization program vs a feedback-behavior modification program in treating alcohol and drug abusers.
Topics: Alcoholism; Behavior Therapy; Conditioning, Operant; Counseling; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Feedback; Hospitalization; Humans; Male; Military Psychiatry; Occupational Therapy; Psychotherapy; Psychotherapy, Group; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Therapeutic Community; Time Factors | 1976 |
Long-term influence of d-amphetamine on mesolimbic brain-stimulation reward: comparison to chronic haloperidol and naloxone effects.
Topics: Animals; Dextroamphetamine; Discrimination Learning; Electric Stimulation; Haloperidol; Limbic System; Male; Naloxone; Rats; Rats, Wistar; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1992 |
Oral self-administration of triazolam, diazepam and ethanol in the baboon: drug reinforcement and benzodiazepine physical dependence.
Topics: Animals; Conditioning, Operant; Diazepam; Drinking Behavior; Ethanol; Flumazenil; Food; Half-Life; Male; Papio; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Self Administration; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Triazolam | 1992 |
Cocaine abstinence following chronic treatment alters cerebral metabolism in dopaminergic reward regions. Bromocriptine enhances recovery.
Topics: Analysis of Variance; Animals; Autoradiography; Brain; Bromocriptine; Carbon Radioisotopes; Cocaine; Deoxyglucose; Dopamine; Glucose; Male; Organ Specificity; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains; Reference Values; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1991 |
[Biological and learning-theory aspects of addictive behavior].
Topics: Action Potentials; Animals; Anxiety; Avoidance Learning; Behavior; Cerebral Cortex; Defense Mechanisms; Dopamine; Electroencephalography; Evoked Potentials; Haplorhini; Humans; Learning; Morphine Dependence; Psychophysiology; Punishment; Rats; Reward; Social Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Synaptic Transmission | 1974 |
Supersensitivity and dependence.
Topics: Acetylcholine; Animals; Drug Tolerance; Histamine; Humans; Models, Biological; Models, Psychological; Morphine; Nerve Endings; Neurons; Neurotransmitter Agents; Psychopharmacology; Punishment; Receptors, Drug; Reward; Self Stimulation; Serotonin; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders; Synaptic Transmission | 1968 |
Heroin addiction and the role of methadone in its treatment.
Topics: Animals; Anxiety; Compulsive Behavior; Conditioning, Classical; Conditioning, Operant; Dogs; Drug Tolerance; Haplorhini; Heroin; Humans; Life Style; Methadone; Mice; Morphine Dependence; Motivation; Narcotic Antagonists; Rats; Recurrence; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Time Factors | 1972 |
Method for self-administering methadone by the heroin addict.
Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Conditioning, Operant; Evaluation Studies as Topic; Female; Heroin Dependence; Humans; Male; Methadone; Methods; Reinforcement Schedule; Reward; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome | 1973 |
Conditioned nalorphine-induced abstinence changes: persistence in post morphine-dependent monkeys.
Topics: Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain; Conditioning, Psychological; Feeding Behavior; Female; Haplorhini; Heart Rate; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Morphine Dependence; Nalorphine; Respiratory Function Tests; Reward; Salivation; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Temperature; Vomiting | 1970 |
Cigarette dependence. I. Nature and classification.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; Nicotine; Reward; Smoking; Social Behavior; Substance Withdrawal Syndrome; Substance-Related Disorders | 1971 |