rutin and Edema

The aim of this article was first to review the complex pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for symptoms and signs of primary chronic venous disease (CVD) that allow the identification of targets for pharmacological treatment. The results of CVD treatment with venoactive drugs (VADs) were emphasised and presented in the form of recommendations. The last section raises key questions to be answered to improve protocols for good clinical trials and to draw up future guidelines on these agents.. The literature has been reviewed here using PubMed and Embase.. Venous hypertension appears to underlie all clinical manifestations of primary CVD. Inflammation is key in wall remodelling, valve failure and subsequent venous hypertension. Changes in the haemodynamics of veins are transmitted to the microcirculation, resulting in capillary alteration leading to oedema, skin changes and eventually venous ulceration. Venous symptoms may be the result of interplays between pro-inflammatory mediators and nerve fibres located in the venous wall. Therefore, venous inflammation constitutes a promising therapeutic target for pharmacological intervention, and some available VADs could attenuate various elements of venous inflammation. Based on recent studies, reviews and guidelines, tentative recommendations for the use of VADs were proposed and strong recommendations were given to two of them (micronised purified flavonoid fraction and oxerutins).. VADs should be accorded a better role in the management of CVD. However, larger and more definitive clinical trials are needed to improve the existing recommendations.

Topics: Anticoagulants; Blood Viscosity; Capillaries; Capillary Permeability; Capillary Resistance; Chronic Disease; Diosmin; Edema; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Inflammation; Lymphatic System; Pain; Skin Diseases; Vasodilator Agents; Veins; Venous Insufficiency

The role of a mixture of phlebotonics in the treatment of acute hemorrhoid crisis is investigated to test their efficacy.. One hundred and thirty-four consecutive patients with an acute hemorrhoidal crisis recruited in five colorectal units entered the study. Sixty-six of them were randomized to receive a mixture of diosmin, troxerutin and hesperidin (group A), and 68 a placebo (group B). The main symptoms, the use of oral painkillers and the Bristol scale score were recorded at each scheduled visit and compared using both Student's t test for independent samples and the ANOVA models for repeated measures. The presence of edema, prolapse and thrombosis were also recorded and compared using the Chi-square test. Furthermore, the trend of proportions during the time of the evaluations was assessed by the Chi-square test for linear trend.. Pain, bleeding and the proportion of patients who reported persistence of edema and thrombosis decreased significantly after 12 days of treatment in group A. After 6 days, the number of paracetamol tablets taken by patients in group A was significantly lower than the amount of flavonoid mixture.. The use of a mixture of diosmin, troxerutin and hesperidin is a safe and effective mean of managing symptoms of acute hemorrhoidal disease. Furthermore, in patients receiving treatment, there was faster control and lower persistence of edema and thrombosis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adult; Aged; Analgesics; Anticoagulants; Chi-Square Distribution; Diosmin; Drug Combinations; Edema; Epidemiologic Research Design; Female; Hemorrhoids; Hesperidin; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Male; Middle Aged; Pain Measurement; Prospective Studies; Rectal Prolapse; Research Design; Thrombosis; Young Adult

Our current understanding of the pathophysiology of chronic venous disease (CVD) suggests that veno-active drugs (VAD) can provide effective symptom relief. Few studies have conducted head-to-head comparisons of VAD and placebo while also assessing objective measures (such as water plethysmography findings and tibiotarsal joint range of motion) and patient-reported quality of life outcomes.. To compare the effects of different VAD on limb volume reduction, tibiotarsal range of motion, and quality of life.. 136 patients with CVD (CEAP grades 2-5) were randomly allocated into four groups to receive micronized diosmin + hesperidin, aminaphthone, coumarin + troxerutin, or placebo (starch). Patients were administered a questionnaire consisting of a quality of life (QoL) measure designed specifically for persons with CVD, and underwent tibiotarsal joint angle measurement and water plethysmography of the lower extremity before and 30 days after pharmacological intervention. Assessors were blind to the treatment groups.. Nine patients dropped out of the trial. Data collected from the 127 remaining patients was considered for statistical analysis. There were no differences in tibiotarsal joint range of motion. Volume reductions ≥100 mL were more frequent in the diosmin + hesperidin group than in any other group. QoL scores were best in the aminaphthone group, and between-group differences were found on individual analysis of questionnaire items.. Use of VAD was associated with significant improvements in QoL as compared with placebo. VAD may be effective for providing symptom relief in patients with CVD.

Topics: Biomechanical Phenomena; Brazil; Cardiovascular Agents; Chronic Disease; Coumarins; Diosmin; Double-Blind Method; Drug Therapy, Combination; Edema; Female; Foot Joints; Hesperidin; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Male; para-Aminobenzoates; Plethysmography; Quality of Life; Range of Motion, Articular; Recovery of Function; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Venous Insufficiency

This study evaluated the protective effects of Venoruton on the development of flight edema in normal subjects travelling in economy in long-haul flights (8-9 hours). Edema is a relevant aspect of long-haul flights affecting both venous patients and normal subjects. Edema and flight microangiopathy were studied in a group of 164 subjects randomized (after informed consent) into two groups to evaluate prophylaxis in 8- to 9-hour flights. The treatment group received Venoruton (hydroxyethyl rutosides) 1 g twice daily for 3 days (2 days before the flight and the day of the flight). The control group received comparable placebo. Edema was evaluated with a composite edema score based on the edema tester, on the measurements of ankle circumference, volume measurements, subjective swelling, and on a discomfort score. Items 1, 4, and 5 are based on an analogue scale line (1 to 10) directly defined by the subjects before and after the flights. Of the included subjects, 151 completed the study. Dropouts were due to poor compliance, travelling, or connection problems. Age and gender distribution were comparable in the two groups as were risk factor distributions. The level of edema at inclusion was comparable in the two groups of subjects. After the flight there was an average score of 6.7 (SD 1.7) in the control group, while in the Venoruton group the score was on average 3 (SD 1.1) (p < 0.05). In the control group 77% of the subjects had an evident increase in ankle circumference and volume, which was clearly visible at inspection and associated with discomfort. In the Venoruton group, edema was clearly present only in 8% of subjects (associated with discomfort rated between 3 and 6 on the analogue scale line) and it was mild, not associated with symptoms. Therefore the control of flight edema with Venoruton was clear both considering parametric data (circumference and volume) and non-parametric (analogue scale lines) measurements. The combined evaluation of the edema score is significantly favorable for subjects under prophylaxis with Venoruton.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Aerospace Medicine; Aircraft; Edema; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Phytotherapy; Reference Values; Venous Thrombosis

The aim of this study was the evaluation of the effects of Venoruton (HR) on the prevention and control of flight microangiopathy and edema in subjects with varicose veins flying for more than 7 hours. A group of 80 patients with varicose veins, edema, and initial skin alterations due to chronic venous hypertension were included. Measurements of skin laser Doppler (LDF) resting flux (RF), PO2 and rate of ankle swelling (RAS), were made before and after the flights (within 2 hours before the flights and within 2 hours after the flights). The length of the flights was between 7 and 9 hours; all seats were in coach class. The two groups (treatment and control) were comparable for age and sex distribution. The variation (decrease) in PO2 was significant in both groups. In subjects treated with HR the decrease in PO2 was smaller (p < 0.05). The decrease in LDF-RF was significant in both groups with a higher flux at the end of the flight in the treated subjects (p < 0.05). The venoarteriolar response was decreased at the end of the flights. The decrease was less evident in the treatment group (p < 0.05). The increase in RAS was significant in the control group while it was limited in the HR group. In conclusion, HR is useful for reducing the increased capillary filtration and in controlling edema in patients with chronic venous disease in long-haul flights. HR is effective to control flight microangiopathy associated with edema.

Topics: Adult; Aerospace Medicine; Ankle; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Hypertension; Male; Microcirculation; Oxygen; Partial Pressure; Skin; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Ultrasonography; Varicose Veins; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Venous Insufficiency

The objective was to evaluate the oedema-protective effect of a vasoactive drug (coumarin/troxerutin [SB-LOT]) plus compression stockings in patients suffering from chronic venous insufficiency after decongestion of the legs as recommended by the new guidelines.. 231 patients were randomly assigned medical compression stockings plus SB-LOT (90 mg coumarin and 540 mg troxerutin per day) or medical compression stockings plus placebo for the first 4 weeks and SB-LOT or placebo for the second 12 weeks of the study. The primary efficacy endpoint was the lower leg volume measured by well-established water plethysmometry.. 226 patients were evaluated. After ceasing compression stockings, an edema protective effect was detected in the SB-LOT-group but not in the controls. Recurrence of leg volume increase was by 6.5 +/- 12.1 ml and by 36.7 +/- 12.1 ml in the SB-LOT and placebo group, respectively (p = 0.0402). The local complaint score and general aspects of quality of life were also superior for the SB-LOT-group (p = 0.0041). Significant differences were also observed with regard to clinical global impression and therapeutic effect. No serious adverse drug reaction or clinically relevant impairment of laboratory parameters occur.. This study confirms the oedema-protective effect of SB-LOT in chronic venous insufficiency and provides a treatment option for patients who discontinue compression after a short time.

Topics: Administration, Oral; Adult; Aged; Bandages; Combined Modality Therapy; Coumarins; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Male; Middle Aged; Treatment Outcome; Venous Insufficiency

The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether HR (Paroven-Venoruton; 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides), was effective in improving the microcirculation in venous hypertension and microangiopathy. Sixty patients with severe venous hypertension due to chronic venous insufficiency, ankle swelling, and lipodermatosclerosis were included. After informed consent, patients were randomized into a treatment group and a placebo group. Patients in the treatment group received oral HR (2 g/day for 8 weeks); those in the placebo group received a comparable placebo.. The two groups were comparable for age and sex distribution. The mean age was 45 years (SD 9) in the treatment group (31 patients) and 45.5 (SD 10) in the placebo group (29 patients). There were no differences between the placebo and treatment groups at inclusion. There was no change between inclusion and measurements at 8 weeks in the placebo group. A significant decrease (P < 0.05) in flux at rest and rate of ankle swelling was observed in the treatment group. The decrease in capillary filtration was associated with improvement in signs and symptoms (P < 0.05). The difference in flux, sign and symptoms, and filtration was clinically important at 8 weeks in the treatment group when compared with the placebo group. No adverse effects were observed.. Venous microangiopathy was improved by HR treatment.

Topics: Adult; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Hypertension; Male; Microcirculation; Middle Aged; Placebos; Prospective Studies; Skin Ulcer; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Diseases; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Venous Insufficiency

This study was planned to demonstrate in a prospective, placebo-controlled, randomized study, whether HR (Paroven, Venoruton; 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides), is effective in improving the microcirculation in subjects with diabetic microangiopathy and neuropathy. Patients with severe diabetic microangiopathy, neuropathy and edema, patients with microangiopathy, without neuropathy, and 20 healthy subjects were included. Microangiopathy was defined by laser Doppler flowmetry and capillary filtration (rate of ankle swelling (RAS)). Inclusion criteria were: increase in resting flux (RF) and RAS, a decrease in venoarteriolar response (VAR), and alterations in flux increase with temperature. The 2 groups of patients and the control group were randomized in a treatment sub-group which received HR (1 g, twice daily for 6 months); those in the placebo group received similar treatment.. Groups were comparable; there were no drop-outs. There were no differences in the treatment and placebo groups at inclusion. Treatment was well tolerated; no adverse effects were reported. No variations were observed in healthy subjects at 6 months. In both groups of patients, significant decreases (P < 0.05) in RF and RAS were observed in the active treatment groups. The decrease in RAS was associated with a decrease in edema (P < 0.05) in both treatment groups. The decrease in RF and the increase in VAR were associated with a proportional decrease in RAS (P < 0.05). In patients without neuropathy, the variations in RF, VAR, and RAS were larger (P < 0.05) at 6 months. The variations in healthy subjects were limited and not significant.. The decrease in capillary filtration and edema with HR is associated with symptomatic improvement. The action on edema is beneficial for the evolution of neuropathy. The effects of HR on flux, RAS, and edema are important in early stages of microangiopathy to avoid progression to clinical stages.

Topics: Adult; Diabetic Angiopathies; Diabetic Neuropathies; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Hypertension; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Microcirculation; Middle Aged; Placebos; Skin Ulcer; Treatment Outcome; Vasoconstrictor Agents

This study evaluated the effects of HR (Paroven, Venoruton; 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides) on the prevention and control of flight microangiopathy, and particularly on edema, in subjects with varicose veins flying for more than 7 hours. Forty patients with varicose veins, edema, and initial skin alterations due to chronic venous hypertension were included. Measurements of skin laser Doppler flowmetry resting flux, Po(2) and rate of ankle swelling, were made before and after the flights (within 4 hours before the flights and within 2 hours after the flights). The length of the flights was between 7 and 9 hours; all seats were in coach class. The 2 groups were comparable for distribution. The variation of Po(2) was significant in both groups. However, in subjects treated with HR, the decrease in Po(2) was smaller (P < 0.05). The decrease in laser Doppler flowmetry resting flux was also significant in both groups, with a higher flux at the end of the control period in the treated subjects (P < 0.05). The venoarteriolar response progressively decreased at 7 and 9 hours. The decrease was less evident in the treatment group (P < 0.05). The rate of ankle swelling was progressively increased in the control group; the increase was not significant in the HR group. In long-haul flights, HR is useful for reducing the increased capillary filtration and in controlling edema in patients with venous hypertension and is effective in controlling perfusion disorders and microangiopathy, particularly swelling and edema, due to flights.

Topics: Adult; Aerospace Medicine; Aircraft; Ankle; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; Male; Microcirculation; Prospective Studies; Travel; Varicose Veins; Vasoconstrictor Agents

The variation of capillary filtration rate (CFR) and ankle edema (AE) were evaluated in three groups of patients with venous hypertension with ambulatory venous pressure > 42 mmHg and in healthy subjects before and after treatment for four weeks with HR (Paroven, Venoruton; 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides), a venoactive drug acting on the microcirculation and on capillary permeability. Group A (30 patients) was treated with HR 500 mg tid; group B (30 patients) was treated with 1 g tid; group C (30 patients) was treated with placebo; group D (10 healthy subjects) was treated with HR 1 g/day in a randomised study. CFR was assessed by venous occlusion plethysmography. Subjective symptoms of venous hypertension were assessed by an analogue scale line considering four symptoms: swelling sensation, restless lower extremity, pain and cramps, and tiredness.. There were no significant differences for sex and age distribution among the groups; no significant differences were found for ambulatory venous pressure and refilling time and parameters of venous hypertension among groups. There was a significant difference between normal subjects and patients. There were no drop-outs and observed intolerance. In group A, there was a significant decrease of CFR (P < 0.01) after treatment. In group B (2 g/day), the decrease was greater than that in group A (P < 0.05). In group C (placebo) there was no significant difference before or after treatment. The variations in analogue score was higher with the higher dosage. The score of group A fell from 7.8 (SD 1.3) to 4 (1). Group B's score fell from 7.9 (2) to 3.1 (1.2). In group C (placebo) there was no change. The decrease in the score in the groups of patients was correlated with the variation in edema and CFR.. HR is effective in venous edema and hypertension. Its effects are dose-related.

Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Hypertension; Male; Microcirculation; Middle Aged; Placebos; Plethysmography; Treatment Outcome; Vasoconstrictor Agents; Venous Insufficiency

Fluid retention, which includes peripheral edema, ascites, pleural or pericardial effusion, or a combination of these that is sometimes associated with significant weight gain, is one of the most troublesome cumulative side effects of docetaxel. A suggestive observation from the data base available at the manufacturer (Rhone-Poulenc Rorer) was that patients who received venotonic drugs appeared to tolerate more courses of docetaxel. This prompted a comparative study to investigate whether the venotonic drug hydroxyethylrutosiden could reduce or delay docetaxel-related fluid retention.. A total of 85 patients with metastatic breast cancer who were treated with docetaxel at a dose of 100 mg/m2 with corticoid comedication were allocated to receive either 300 mg hydroxyethylrutosiden given orally four times daily (group A) or no hydroxyethylrutosiden (group B). The end point for analysis was the development of fluid retention of > or = grade 2.. Fluid retention of > or = grade 2 was reported in 14 of 42 patients (33%) in group A and in 15 of 43 patients (35%) in group B and occurred after a median of 4 cycles of docetaxel in both groups. Weight gain was similar in groups A and B.. We conclude that hydroxyethylrutosiden does not reduce or delay the incidence and severity of docetaxel-related fluid retention.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Ascites; Breast Neoplasms; Docetaxel; Edema; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Middle Aged; Paclitaxel; Pericardial Effusion; Pleural Effusion; Taxoids; Water-Electrolyte Imbalance

During air travel, the length of time spent in a sitting position and the absence of muscular activity in the calves severely slow the rate of blood flow in the lower limbs. The aim of this randomized, cross-over, double-blind study was to evaluate local application of Hydroxyethyl-rutosides (O-Beta-Hydroxyethylrutosides) in the treatment of symptoms of venous insufficiency including stasis-induced edema during extended air travel on flights exceeding 6 hours. Hydroxyethyl-rutosides or placebo was applied every 3 or 4 hours throughout the flight. In the 51 subjects evaluated (both males and females) the results show statistically significant differences favoring treatment with Hydroxyethyl-rutosides both with regard to objective signs of edema: change in minimum ankle circumference was less during trips in which Hydroxyethyl-rutosides was applied, whether compared with the maximum measurement (p = 0.04) or the last measurement made during the flights, and with regard to subjective signs: several symptoms occurred significantly less frequently when the subject applied Hydroxyethyl-rutosides during the flight [pain (p = 0.03), sensation of heavy and tired legs (p = 0.04) and sensation of swelling (p = 0.02)]. the patient's overall assessment of the treatment was also favorable after using Hydroxyethyl-rutosides Gel (p = 0.01). the number of subjects complaining of edema (pitting edema, marks of shoes, difficulties putting shoes back on) was significantly lower during periods of treatment with Hydroxyethyl-rutosides Gel (p = 0.001). Local application of Hydroxyethyl-rutosides, 3 to 4 times during 6 to 14 hours is thus effective in treating the main symptoms of venous insufficiency including stasis-induced edema caused by extended periods in the sitting position during long air flights.

Topics: Adult; Aircraft; Double-Blind Method; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Leg; Male; Middle Aged; Time Factors; Travel; Treatment Outcome; Venous Insufficiency

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of hydroxyethylrutosides on capillary filtration in subjects with mild to moderate venous incompetence--superficial varicose veins and/or deep venous disease and ankle oedema--using the vacuum suction chamber (VSC) device applied to the internal perimalleolar region and the wheal vanishing (WV) time. Subjects entered in to the study were randomised to receive either hydroxyethylrutosides (1 g twice daily for 4 weeks) or placebo for four weeks. The two groups entering and completing the study were comparable. Microcirculatory parameters (laser-Doppler resting flux, the venoarteriolar response, transcutaneous PO2 and PCO2) remained constant during the four week study in both groups. The WV time, which was comparable in the two groups at the beginning of the study decreased significantly [from a median 55 min (interquartile 955 min), to a median 45 minutes (interquartile 65-40 min) in the treated group, p < 0.01]. No change was observed in the WV time in the placebo group. Subjective symptoms measured with an analogue scale improved following treatment with hydroxyethylrutosides [foot oedema (p < 0.005), ankle oedema (p < 0.001), and paraesthesia (p < 0.01)]; only night cramps were reported less in patients receiving the placebo (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the WV time can be used to assess the beneficial effect of therapy on capillary filtration in subjects with mild-moderate venous hypertension, even after a short period of treatment, and before other microcirculatory parameters change. Furthermore, the changes observed in WV time correlate well with an improvement in patients symptoms.

Topics: Ankle; Capillary Permeability; Double-Blind Method; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Male; Microcirculation; Treatment Outcome; Varicose Veins; Venous Insufficiency

Oxerutins (Venoruton) and troxerutin (CAS 7085-55-4) are both mixtures of O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides used for the treatment of chronic venous insufficiency. As di-O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides and 7-mono-O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutoside were found to be more active with regard to free radical scavenging compared to tri-O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutoside the aim of this study was to compare oxerutins and troxerutin clinically. 12 female, post-menopausal patients with chronic venous insufficiency grade II participated in this double-blind study with random allocation to the treatment groups. They received 900 mg/day oxerutins or troxerutin for 12 weeks and were observed for 4 further weeks without treatment. Leg volumes (water displacement) and subjective symptoms (VAS, visual analogue scale) were evaluated before and following 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks. Both treatments were active in reducing leg volumes and in ameliorating subjective symptoms (mean volume reduction -167 +/- 157 ml x week). Volume reduction totalled to -261 +/- 154.2 ml x week for oxerutins and -73.2 +/- 97.1 ml x week for troxerutin. The difference is statistically significant (p = 0.04). The findings with subjective symptoms were in good accordance to the objective volume measurement. Oxerutins revealed a remarkable carry over effect.

Topics: Anticoagulants; Chronic Disease; Double-Blind Method; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Leg; Middle Aged; Pain; Pain Measurement; Venous Insufficiency

The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of two posologies of hydroxyethylrutosides (HR) as maintenance dose for the reduction of leg oedema. The increase in leg volume induced by standing motionless for one hour was measured in 12 healthy young male volunteers by a highly sensitive water displacement method. The volume increase (approx. 87.8 units) was found to be very reproducible after a one-week placebo run-in period. The mean value after 3-weeks treatment at 1000 mg/day HR was reduced to 85.2 +/- 8.7 units. The subjects were then randomised to 3 groups and further measurements were made after additional 3, 5, 6 and 7 weeks. On placebo, the values returned to baseline within 5-6 weeks. On 500 mg/day, the values continued to oscillate around the values at randomisation (i.e., the effect was maintained). On continuing the dose unchanged at 1000 mg/day, the volume increases continued to fall progressively to 79.1 +/- 7.7 at the end of the further 7 weeks. After analysis of all mean volume changes relative to the values at time of randomisation, it was found that the 1000 mg/day dose showed a significant greater antioedematous effect than placebo (p = 0.0001) or 500 mg/day (p = 0.0028). Also the 500 mg/day dose was superior to placebo (p = 0.0328). We conclude that, after initial treatment for 3 weeks with 1000 mg/day, a dose of 500 mg/day is adequate to maintain the resultant anti-oedematous effect.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Topics: Adult; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Double-Blind Method; Edema; Heart Rate; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Leg; Male; Posture; Reference Values; Time Factors

O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutosides (HR) is used for the treatment of disorders of the venous and microcirculatory systems. In order to evaluate the time course of its activity, the effect of HR on a provocation model of orthostatic oedema in healthy volunteers was used. After a 2 week placebo run-in period, 16 healthy volunteers were randomized to HR (2 tablets of 500 mg/day) of placebo for a further 3 weeks, in a double-blind parallel design. Oedema was provoked by standing motionless for 1 h, with measurement of leg volume before and afterwards. The procedure was undertaken at entry to the study and then weekly during the entire 5 week period. There were no significant differences in the extent of oedema produced by the orthostatic challenge during the 2 week run-in period or in the subjects who continued on placebo (approximately 90 arbitrary units i.e. approximately 48 ml). During the 3 week treatment with HR, however, there was a progressive reduction (-1.1, -5.9, and -7.6 arbitrary units after 1, 2, and 3 weeks, respectively) in the volume of induced oedema, which was significant after 2 and 3 weeks of treatment compared to the placebo group.

Topics: Adult; Body Weight; Double-Blind Method; Edema; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Leg; Male; Posture

Topics: Double-Blind Method; Edema; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Methods; Postoperative Complications; Rutin

Topics: Adult; Aged; Aphakia, Postcataract; Clinical Trials as Topic; Cysts; Double-Blind Method; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Macula Lutea; Male; Middle Aged; Retinal Diseases; Rutin

Topics: Clinical Trials as Topic; Coumarins; Delayed-Action Preparations; Double-Blind Method; Drug Combinations; Edema; Episiotomy; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Rutin

Topics: Chronic Disease; Clinical Trials as Topic; Double-Blind Method; Eczema; Edema; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Placebos; Restless Legs Syndrome; Rutin; Surveys and Questionnaires; Varicose Ulcer; Venous Insufficiency

The contemporary view of the cause of pain in case of histological lesions is discussed, i.e. the mechanisms of the formation of local high-protein oedemas in connexion with disorders of lymphatic drainage. 295 patients of an oral-surgical department were subjected to a systematic therapeutic study for investigating the possibilities of medicamentously influencing oedema and pain. Tested by way of comparison were a benzopyrone preparation (Venalot) and oxyphenbutazone. A group of control patients could only make use of an analgetic. The assessment of the reduction of oedema was done by means of anthropometric measurements. The analgetic action was judged by the need of analgetics. The result of it was that the benzopyrone preparation possesses a strong analgetic and antioedematous action which also exceeds that of the comparative therapy. The benzopyrones' clinical mechanisms of action are discussed in the light of experimental results.

Topics: Apicoectomy; Coumarins; Drug Combinations; Edema; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Maxillary Sinus; Nociceptors; Oxyphenbutazone; Pain; Rutin; Trismus; Vestibuloplasty

The results of the presented double-blind trial proved that the benzopyrone compound Venalot, a combination of coumarin and troxerutin used in the treatment of local inflammatory oedemas of traumetic, phlebopathic and lymphostatic origin, can be administered unhestitatingly in case of severe parenchymatous liver damages even in a dosage which was chosed higher than that recommended and usually given (2 depot tablets b.d.).

Topics: Adult; Aged; Coumarins; Drug Combinations; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Liver; Liver Diseases; Liver Function Tests; Male; Middle Aged; Rutin

This registry evaluation was conducted in post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) patients (with a minimum five-year follow up). The study evaluated: 1) variations in peripheral edema with an analogue scoring system; 2) ankle circumference at the PTS limb in comparison with the normal contralateral limb.. The difference was expressed in percent increase in circumference measured at the PTS limb; 3) other end-points were observed in a five-year follow-up that created a specific PTS registry. Subjects could follow a management system including: 1) compression; 2) compression and Venoruton® (1 g/day); 3) compression and Venoruton® (2 g/day).. The groups of patients with chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) resulted comparable. The occurrence of a new deep venous thrombosis (DVT) episode was considered a drop out. At five years there were four new DVTs (in 90 patients) in the compression group. There was one case (90 patients included) in the compression and HR (1 g) group and no DVT in group 3. The outcome in groups 2 and 3 was significantly better (0.05) than in group 1. The need for surgery or sclerotherapy (for larger varicose veins), the occurrence of lipodermatosclerosis and ulcerations were significantly lower in the HR groups with a better outcome in the higher dose group (P<0.05). The number of ulcerations were also significantly reduced in the HR groups. The difference in ulcerations was significantly better in the higher dose group in comparison with the other groups (P<0.05). The edema score was significantly reduced at five years in the HR groups (P<0.05) in comparison with the compression group. The higher dose resulted more effective in controlling edema. Both edema score and ankle circumference at five years were significantly lower (P<0.05) in the HR-treated groups with a significant decrease in edema score and ankle circumference in the higher dosage group.. The study confirms the long-term efficacy of HR in PTS, CVI patients. Controlling signs/symptoms and edema in CVI with HR prevents the most severe complications of CVI including lipodermatosclerosis and venous ulcerations. An early therapeutic program including exercise, risk factor controls, compression an edema-controlling treatment with HR is effective in decreasing the classic complications of PTS syndrome. The important restrictions and difficulties to the use of elastic stockings (in regions with warmer climates) are not applicable to HR that is well tolerated and can be used all the time alone or in association with compression.

Topics: Adult; Ankle; Combined Modality Therapy; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Male; Middle Aged; Postthrombotic Syndrome; Registries; Secondary Prevention; Stockings, Compression; Treatment Outcome; Venous Insufficiency

A new anthraquinone, 1,5,15-tri-O-methylmorindol (1), and two new saccharide fatty acid esters, 2-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-O-hexanoyl-beta-D-gluropyranose (4) and 2-O-(beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-1-O-octanoyl-beta-D-gluropyranose (5), have been isolated from a methanol extract of the fruits of Morinda citrifolia (noni) along with 10 known compounds, namely, two anthraquinones (2, 3), six saccharide fatty acid esters (6-11), an iridoid glycoside (12), and a flavanol glycoside (13). Upon evaluation of six compounds (5-7, 9, 10, and 13) for inhibitory activity against 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation (1 microg/ear) in mice, four saccharide fatty acid esters, 5-7 and 9, exhibited potent anti-inflammatory activity, with ID50 values of 0.46-0.79 mg per ear. In addition, when compounds 1-13 were evaluated against the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by TPA, all of the compounds exhibited moderate inhibitory effects (IC50 values of 386-578 mol ratio/32 pmol TPA).

Topics: Animals; Anthraquinones; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Antigens, Viral; Caproates; Caprylates; Ear; Edema; Fruit; Glucosides; Japan; Mice; Molecular Structure; Morinda; Plants, Medicinal; Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate

Ten oleanane-type triterpene glycosides, 1-10, including four new compounds, calendulaglycoside A 6'-O-methyl ester (2), calendulaglycoside A 6'-O-n-butyl ester (3), calendulaglycoside B 6'-O-n-butyl ester (5), and calendulaglycoside C 6'-O-n-butyl ester (8), along with five known flavonol glycosides, 11-15, were isolated from the flowers of marigold (Calendula officinalis). Upon evaluation of compounds 1-9 for inhibitory activity against 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)-induced inflammation (1 microg/ear) in mice, all of the compounds, except for 1, exhibited marked anti-inflammatory activity, with ID50 values of 0.05-0.20 mg per ear. In addition, when 1-15 were evaluated against the Epstein-Barr virus early antigen (EBV-EA) activation induced by TPA, compounds 1-10 exhibited moderate inhibitory effects (IC50 values of 471-487 mol ratio/32 pmol TPA). Furthermore, upon evaluation of the cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines in vitro in the NCI Developmental Therapeutics Program, two triterpene glycosides, 9 and 10, exhibited their most potent cytotoxic effects against colon cancer, leukemia, and melanoma cells.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Anticarcinogenic Agents; Antigens, Viral; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Calendula; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Ear; Edema; Egypt; Flowers; Glycosides; Humans; Mice; Oleanolic Acid; Plants, Medicinal

Assuming that flavonoids have anti-oxidative properties and may protect against abnormal skin reactions in erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP), we investigated whether systemic treatment with hydroxyethylrutosides (2.7 g/day) could decrease skin sensitivity to blue light in a 37-year-old female patient who suffered from EPP.. Before treatment, skin exposure during 5 min to a xenon high-pressure gas discharge lamp with filter was sufficient to produce intense erythema, irritation and later swelling. After 1, 2 and 3 months of treatment, the exposure times, necessary to produce similar effects, gradually increased. This improvement coincided with an increased tolerability to sunlight. No adverse effects were observed.. These results encourage the set-up of a more systematic, placebo-controlled study of the protective effects of hydroxyethylrutosides in EPP.

Topics: Adult; Dermatitis, Irritant; Edema; Erythema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Hypesthesia; Light; Photosensitivity Disorders; Porphyria, Hepatoerythropoietic; Skin; Skin Tests; Sunlight; Time Factors; Xenon

An experimental investigation was made of the influence of 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutin (HR) on the effect of indomethacin (1, 2 or 4 mg/kg i.p.) in inhibiting rat paw oedema. HR was given once daily during a 6-day pretreatment, with the final dose 90 minutes before the inflammatory reaction was induced. In the group of HR-pretreated rats which also received indomethacin in a dose of 2 or 4 mg/kg, the extent of the carrageenin-oedema was diminished significantly in comparison to that in experimental animals treated merely with indomethacin.

Topics: Animals; Anticoagulants; Carrageenan; Drug Synergism; Edema; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Indomethacin; Inflammation; Male; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

O-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutoside (Venoruton) has been reported to alleviate edema formation in chronic venous insufficiency. In an attempt to elucidate Venoruton's potential as an antiinflammatory agent, we infused Venoruton (20 mg/minute) intraarterially into the canine forelimb perfused at constant flow during the simultaneous intraarterial infusion of histamine (4 micrograms base/minute) or bradykinin (2 micrograms/minute). The infusion of Venoruton alone for forty minutes resulted in a small but significant increase in forelimb arterial pressures but no change in systemic pressure or forelimb skin lymph flow, protein concentration or protein transport. Subsequent infusion of either histamine or bradykinin resulted in a significant decrease in forelimb arterial pressures and a marked increase in skin lymph flow, lymph total protein concentration and lymph total protein transport. The changes in forelimb vascular pressures and skin lymph parameters were similar to those seen during the infusion of either histamine or bradykinin alone. These data indicate that the intraarterial infusion of Venoruton at this dosage does not inhibit the ability of simultaneously infused histamine or bradykinin to increase transvascular fluid and macromolecular efflux in the canine forelimb perfused at constant arterial inflow.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Blood Pressure; Bradykinin; Capillary Permeability; Dogs; Edema; Female; Forelimb; Histamine; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Infusions, Intra-Arterial; Lymph; Male; Perfusion; Proteins; Rutin; Skin

When injected intravenously with dextran or O-hydroxyethyl derivatives of rutoside, rat Brown Norway BN/Mai Pfd f exhibit a fall in the blood pressure and an increase of vascular permeability with oedema formation. As the rat is genetically deprived of plasmatic prekallikrein an of kininogens, activation of the kinin system is not necessary neither for mast-cell degranulation nor for amine release.

Topics: Animals; Biogenic Amines; Dextrans; Edema; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Hypotension; Perfusion; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains

The anti-oedema activity of an injectable drug (HR; active principle: 0-(beta-hydroxyethyl)-rutoside) was assessed in 60 gastric extrahepatic bile duct, and large intestine surgery patients (30 being used as controls). Gastroscopy (with biopsy), gastroduodenoscopy, colonoscopy (with biopsy) and radiological examination were usually performed on the 5th and 10th post-operative days. The drug showed significant therapeutic effects: rapid resolution of oedema, especially at the sutures, leading to early cicatrisation, canalisation and the prevention of dehiscence. Finally, duration of hospitalisation was less than in the untreated cases. The gastroscopic, radiographic and biopsy findings are considered to have shown clear evidence of the drug's action against oedema formation.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Biliary Tract Diseases; Edema; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Male; Middle Aged; Postoperative Complications; Rutin

Topics: Animals; Blood Pressure; Capillary Permeability; Edema; Histamine; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Hypotension; Rats; Reserpine; Rutin; Serotonin

Topics: Adult; Edema; Female; Humans; Hydroxyethylrutoside; Leg; Male; Middle Aged; Rutin; Thrombophlebitis; Varicose Veins