rome and Weight-Loss

Coeliac disease (CD) is a chronic, gluten-dependent enteropathy with a prevalence of approximately 1% in Western countries. Up to now, CD has been described only in sporadic cases of obesity. Our study aimed to evaluate retrospectively CD prevalence in a large series of overweight/obese children and adolescents. Among the 1527 overweight/obese children and adolescents consecutively evaluated, 17 (7 boys, 1.11%) were positive for serology and showed villous atrophy. In all of the patients with CD a well-balanced gluten-free diet was started, and a loss of weight rapidly obtained. Our study demonstrates that CD prevalence in overweight/obese children is similar to the general paediatric population in Italy.

Topics: Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adult; Body Mass Index; Celiac Disease; Child; Child Development; Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Child, Preschool; Cohort Studies; Diet, Gluten-Free; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Mass Screening; Obesity; Overweight; Pediatric Obesity; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Rome; Weight Loss; Young Adult

A study was conducted on children from a junior high school in Rome, Monteverde district, to observe data on hypertension and obesity. Data were compared with results from the study carried on two years ago in the same school by the same working group.. The study enrolled 336 students, 52% males and 48% females. Blood pressure was measured with Omron 2 automatic monitor, with child cuffs. Weight and height were measured with Seca scale with stadiometer. We assessed hypertension by means of recent Task Force Tables, overweight and obesity with the tables by Cole et al.. A proportion of 5% of screened children presented hypertension, 13.9% overweight, 2.3% obesity.. Prevalence of hypertension, overweight and obesity was lower than prevalence observed two years ago in the same school, thanks to a change in eating habits which included breakfast promotion, adoption of correct food choices for lunch and dinner, and most of all an increase in extracurricular sports activity, currently performed by 92% of students.

Topics: Adolescent; Body Mass Index; Diet Surveys; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Hypertension; Male; Obesity; Overweight; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Rome; Schools; Socioeconomic Factors; Students; Weight Loss

Transoral gastroplasty (TOGA) is a safe and less invasive procedure than traditional bariatric surgery. We studied the effects of TOGA on the risk of progression from prediabetes to overt type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) or on regression from diabetes or prediabetes to a lower risk category.. Prospective, observational study (October 2008 to October 2010) performed at Catholic University, Rome, Italy. Fifty consecutive subjects 18-60 years old, 35 ≥ body mass index < 55 kg/m², were enrolled. Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and secretion were studied at baseline and 1 week and 1, 6, and 12 months after TOGA. Plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), and ghrelin levels were measured.. Forty-three patients (86%) completed the 1-year postoperative follow-up. Patients lost 16.90% of baseline weight (P level × factor time <0.001). Body mass index decreased from 42.24 ± 3.43 to 34.65 ± 4.58 kg/m² (P < .001). Twenty-three patients (53.5%) were diagnosed as normal glucose tolerance (NGT) before treatment, 2 (4.6%) were impaired fasting glucose (IFG), 12 (27.9%) were impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), 1 (2.3%) had both IFG and IGT, and 5 (11.6%) had T2DM. At 1-year posttreatment, the percentages changed to 86.0% NGT, 2.3% IFG, 11.6% IGT, 0% IFG plus IGT, and 0% T2DM, respectively. Peripheral insulin resistance and homeostasis model of assessment-insulin resistance improved significantly. Fasting glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide and ghrelin decreased from 316.9 ± 143.1 to 156.2 ± 68.2 pg/mL (P < .001) and from 630.6 ± 52.1 to 456.7 ± 73.1 pg/mL (P < .001), respectively, whereas GLP-1 increased from 16.2 ± 4.9 to 23.7 ± 9.5 pg/mL (P < .001).. TOGA induced glucose disposal improvement with regression of diabetes to NGT or IGT and regression of IGT and IFG to NGT in half of the cases. Regressors showed a much larger increase of GLP-1 levels than progressors.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Body Mass Index; Coronary Disease; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Disease Progression; Follow-Up Studies; Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; Gastroplasty; Ghrelin; Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Middle Aged; Obesity; Obesity, Morbid; Prediabetic State; Prospective Studies; Risk; Rome; Weight Loss; Young Adult

An inadequate start of breastfeeding has been associated with reduced caloric intake, excessive weight loss and high serum bilirubin levels in the first days of life. The rooming-in has been proposed as an optimal model for the promotion of breastfeeding.. The aim of this study was to compare two different feeding models (partial and full rooming-in) to evaluate differences as regard to weight loss, hyperbilirubinemia and prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at discharge.. A total of 903 healthy term newborns have been evaluated; all the newborns were adequate for gestational age, with birth weight > or = 2800 g and gestational age > or = 37 weeks.. The maximum weight loss (mean +/- SD), expressed as percent of birth weight, was not different in the two models (partial vs. full rooming-in 5.8% +/- 1.7%vs. 6% +/- 1.7%). A weight loss > or = 10% occurred in less than 1% in both groups. There were no statistical differences neither as mean of total serum bilirubin (partial vs. full rooming-in 10.5 +/- 3.3 vs. 10.1 +/- 2.9 mg/dl), nor as prevalence of hyperbilirubinemia (total serum bilirubin > or = 12 mg/dl). The prevalence of severe hyperbilirubinemia (total serum bilirubin > or = 18 mg/dl) and the use of phototherapy were not statistically different. Maximum weight loss was similar in the two models, even dividing by total serum bilirubin levels. At the discharge, exclusively breastfed newborns were 81% in full rooming-in and 42.9% in partial rooming-in.. In conclusion, our results allow considering our assistance models similar as regards to severe hyperbilirubinemia and pathological weight loss in term healthy newborns even if full rooming-in is associated with higher prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at the discharge.

Topics: Adult; Bilirubin; Breast Feeding; Female; Humans; Hyperbilirubinemia, Neonatal; Infant, Newborn; Male; Pregnancy; Prospective Studies; Rome; Rooming-in Care; Weight Loss