rome and Fecal-Incontinence

Little is known about faecal incontinence (FI) in individuals with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS).. To compare characteristics of people with IBS reporting FI, compared with people with IBS who do not report FI.. We collected demographic, gastrointestinal and psychological symptoms, healthcare usage, direct healthcare costs, impact on work and activities of daily living, and quality of life data from individuals with Rome IV-defined IBS. We asked participants about FI, assigning presence or absence according to Rome-IV criteria.. Of 752 participants with Rome IV IBS, 202 (26.9%) met Rome IV criteria for FI. Individuals with FI were older (p < 0.001), more likely to have IBS-D (47.0% vs. 39.0%, p = 0.008), and less likely to have attained a university or postgraduate level of education (31.2% vs. 45.6%, p < 0.001), or to have an annual income of ≥£30,000 (18.2% vs. 32.9%, p < 0.001). They were more likely to report urgency (44.6% vs. 19.1%, p < 0.001) as their most troublesome symptom and a greater proportion had severe IBS symptom scores, abnormal depression scores, higher somatic symptom-reporting scores or higher gastrointestinal symptom-specific anxiety scores (p < 0.01 for trend for all analyses). Mean health-related quality of life scores were significantly lower among those with, compared with those without, FI (p < 0.001). Finally, FI was associated with higher IBS-related direct healthcare costs (p = 0.002).. Among individuals with Rome IV IBS, one-in-four repo rted FI according to Rome IV criteria. Physicians should ask patients with IBS about FI routinely.

Topics: Activities of Daily Living; Fecal Incontinence; Health Care Costs; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Rome; Surveys and Questionnaires

Despite advances in ulcerative colitis (UC) therapies, a relatively undefined proportion of patients experience faecal incontinence (FI) in the absence of active inflammation. For this group, there remains a significant unmet need with a limited evidence base.. We aimed to estimate the prevalence and impact of FI in UC.. In a prospective cross-sectional study, patients with UC completed a series of validated questionnaires, including Rome IV FI criteria, an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)-specific FI questionnaire (ICIQ-IBD), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and IBD-Control. UC remission was defined as faecal calprotectin (FCP) ≤250 μg/g, or IBD-control 8 score ≥13 and IBD-Control-VAS ≥ 85.. Of 255 patients with UC, overall, 20.4% fulfilled Rome IV criteria for FI. Rome IV FI prevalence did not differ between active and quiescent UC regardless of whether disease activity was defined by IBD-Control scores ± FCP (p = 0.25), or objectively with FCP thresholds of 250 μg/g (p = 0.86) and 100 μg/g (p = 0.95). Most patients (75.2%) reported FI when in 'remission' and during 'relapse' (90.6%) according to ICIQ-IBD. Those who reported FI according to both ICIQ-IBD and Rome IV definitions had higher anxiety, depression and worse quality-of-life (QoL) scores (p < 0.05). In those with Rome IV FI, there was a strong correlation between FI symptom severity and impaired QoL (r = 0.809, p < 0.001).. The prevalence of FI in UC is high, even in remission, and associated with significant psychological distress, symptom burden and impaired QoL. These findings highlight the urgent need for further research and development of evidence-based treatments for FI in UC.

Topics: Colitis, Ulcerative; Cross-Sectional Studies; Fecal Incontinence; Humans; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Quality of Life; Rome; Severity of Illness Index

Topics: Fecal Incontinence; Humans; Irritable Bowel Syndrome; Rome; Self Report; Surveys and Questionnaires

The diagnostic criteria for fecal incontinence (FI) were made more restrictive in the Rome IV revision. We aimed to determine the characteristics of FI patients defined by the Rome IV criteria, assess how FI frequency and amount affect quality of life, identify risk factors, and compare prevalence values among countries.. We performed an internet-based survey of 5931 subjects in the United States, Canada, and the United Kingdom, from September to December 2015. Subjects were stratified by country, sex, and age. Responders answered questions about diagnosis, health care use, and risk factors. We performed multivariate linear regression analysis to identify risk factors for FI.. FI was reported by 957 subjects (16.1%) but only 196 (3.3%) fulfilled the Rome IV criteria. Frequency of FI was less than twice a month for 672/957 subjects (70.2%) and duration was less than 6 months for 285/957 subjects (29.8%). Quality of life was significantly impaired in all subjects with FI compared to subjects with fecal continence. The strongest risk factors for FI were diarrhea, urgency to defecate, and abdominal pain. FI was more prevalent in the United States than in the United Kingdom. Between-country differences were due to less diarrhea and urgency in the United Kingdom.. Rome IV FI prevalence is lower than previous estimates because the new criteria exclude many individuals with less frequent or short duration FI. These excluded patients have impaired quality of life. It might be appropriate to make a diagnosis of FI for all patients with FI ≥2 times in 3 months and to provide additional information on frequency, duration, and amount of stool lost to assist clinicians in treatment selection.

Topics: Canada; Fecal Incontinence; Humans; Prevalence; Quality of Life; Rome; United Kingdom; United States

Dyssynergic defecation is a common cause of chronic constipation; its diagnosis requires anorectal physiological tests that are not widely available. It is not known whether digital rectal examination (DRE) can be used to identify dyssynergia. We examined the diagnostic yield of DRE in patients with dyssynergic defecation.. Consecutive patients with chronic constipation (Rome III criteria, n = 209) underwent DREs, anorectal manometry analyses, balloon expulsion tests, and colonic transit studies. In the DRE, dyssynergia was identified by 2 or more of the following features: impaired perineal descent, paradoxic anal contraction, or impaired push effort; diagnostic yields were compared with physiological test results.. Of the patients included in the study, 187 (87%) had dyssynergic defecation, based on standard criteria; 134 (73%) of these were identified to have features of dyssynergia, based on DREs. The sensitivity and specificity of DRE for identifying dyssynergia in patients with chronic constipation were 75% and 87%, respectively; the positive predictive value was 97%. DRE was able to identify normal resting and normal squeeze pressure in 86% and 82% of dyssynergic patients, respectively.. DRE appears to be a reliable tool for identifying dyssynergia in patients with chronic constipation and detecting normal, but not abnormal, sphincter tone. DREs could facilitate the selection of appropriate patients for further physiologic testing and treatment.

Topics: Adult; Ataxia; Defecation; Digital Rectal Examination; Fecal Incontinence; Female; Gastrointestinal Transit; Humans; Male; Manometry; Middle Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Rectal Diseases; Rome; Sensitivity and Specificity