rome and Carcinoma--Squamous-Cell

The main purpose of our project was to evaluate the prevalence of lung cancer in high risk, asymptomatic individuals in addition to quantifying the rate of surgically resectable tumors, and evaluating the role of lung cancer with low dose computed tomography (LDCT) as a tool for lung cancer screening.. Between June 2011 and March 2014, 1500 volunteers at high risk for lung cancer were enrolled in our study and underwent LDCT in our institution. The subsequent diagnostic and therapeutic steps were planned in relation to the results emerging from LDCT. To evaluate speed and type of growth, solid nodules ≤4 mm were reassessed with annual LDCT, those >4-6 mm or >6-8 mm were reassessed with LDCT in 6 or 3 months while nodules suspicious for malignancy were investigated with PET-CT or biopsy according to NCCN guidelines.. Non-calcified nodules were detected in 525 subjects (35% of population): among these 42% had a diameter ≤4 mm, 43% had a diameter >5 mm but <10 mm, 3% appeared as "ground glass" lesions, and 63 (12% of detected nodules) had malignant characteristics (irregular margins, retraction of the surrounding parenchyma, diameter >10 mm). Among the 63 patients who underwent PET-CT or biopsy, 25 cases resulted positive for lung cancer (1.7% of population). These patients underwent surgical treatment with histological detection of tumors in stages IA, IB or IIB.. Our study confirmed the emerging data on the use of LDCT as a screening tool for lung neoplasm in individuals at risk. Due to the LDCT low rate of specificity complementary biomarkers are required to properly define patients at risk and to reduce the number of further radiological examinations.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Early Detection of Cancer; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Incidence; Lung Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Multidetector Computed Tomography; Neoplasm Staging; Predictive Value of Tests; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Rome; Sensitivity and Specificity; Smoking; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Metatypical cell carcinoma (MTC) is a quite rare malignancy accounting for 5% of all non melanoma skin cancers, with features of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. It can be described as coexistence of basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma with no transition zone between them.. Our review identified a correlation between gender and MTC affected region.. We performed a retrospective study of 312 consecutive patients, diagnosed for MTC localized on face and scalp. Statistical analysis was made to determinate most affected areas, gender prevalence, average age, presence of ulceration and infiltration and peripheral clearance rate.. A relevant difference came out between two genders. χ2 test emphasized a relation between males and the presence of carcinoma on the scalp. In addition a strong correlation between mixed subtype and ulceration was evident. A strong relation between intermediate subtype and positive surgical margin was found; this data could identify a more aggressive behavior of intermediate type.. In our findings an important correlation between sun exposition and this tumor was found. Moreover, due to the difficulties that can occur in preserving the aesthetic subunits in the surgical treatment of these regions, the prevention of this pathology has an important role.

Topics: Aged; Carcinoma, Basal Cell; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Chi-Square Distribution; Facial Neoplasms; Female; Head and Neck Neoplasms; Humans; Male; Neoplasms, Complex and Mixed; Prevalence; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Risk Factors; Rome; Scalp; Sex Factors; Skin Neoplasms; Smoking; Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck; Sunlight

To investigate the role of human papillomavirus (HPV) and adenovirus (AdV) infections in the oncogenesis of squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and of laryngeal dysplasia.. Cross-sectional study with planned data collection.. Department of Otorhinolaryngology G. Ferreri and Department of Experimental Medicine and Pathology-Section of Virology, Sapienza University of Rome.. Biopsy samples were taken from 68 patients with benign and malignant lesions of the larynx. All tissue samples were analyzed by means of polymerase chain reaction with two groups of primers for HPV and with a pair of primers for AdV.. All cases of carcinomas and dysplasia as well as all control cases were negative for both viruses. Four of the five cases of laryngeal papillomas were positive for only HPV, confirming the role of these viral types in the origin of papillomas.. The absence of viral genomes in laryngeal carcinomas as in the other cases studied suggests the existence of other factors that play a more important role than viral infection in the carcinogenesis of these lesions.

Topics: Academic Medical Centers; Adenoviridae; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biopsy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Humans; Hyperplasia; Laryngeal Diseases; Laryngeal Neoplasms; Male; Middle Aged; Papillomaviridae; Papillomavirus Infections; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Predictive Value of Tests; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Rome; Tumor Virus Infections

A pilot study has been carried out to evaluate women's compliance to a screening program for cervical cancer. The study, initiated in 1994, was performed in conjunction with the ACRO project of the CNR by the Italian National Health Institute, in collaboration with La Sapienza University of Rome and the National Institute for Cancer Research in Genoa. A preliminary telephone survey was carried out on a sample of 400 women (200 in Rome and 200 in Genoa) to assess, among other factors, their attitude towards the screening program. Afterwards, an ad hoc advertising campaign was launched and 21,827 women, randomly chosen from the register office's lists, were sent a personal invitation to participate in the screening. Most women showed interest in attending the screening program at the interview, but the percentages of participation were low (25.7% in Genoa and 27.3% in Rome). On the other hand, a high percentage of women who participated in the screening had already had a Pap test in the previous three years (Genoa, 73%; Rome, 76%). The recruiting techniques that were used in this study, and that are commonly used, do not seem to reach the core of the target population for cervical screening, i.e. women who have never had a Pap test or who had a Pap test more than 5 years earlier. New methods of recruiting aimed at categories at risk and based more on direct contacts need to be developed.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Attitude to Health; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Female; Health Education; Health Surveys; Humans; Italy; Mass Screening; Middle Aged; National Health Programs; Pamphlets; Patient Acceptance of Health Care; Patient Compliance; Patient Selection; Pilot Projects; Postal Service; Prevalence; Program Evaluation; Random Allocation; Rome; Socioeconomic Factors; Telephone; Urban Population; Uterine Cervical Dysplasia; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Vaginal Smears