ro13-9904 and Osteoarthritis

Topics: Adult; Bacterial Infections; Ceftriaxone; Child; Global Health; Humans; Osteoarthritis; Respiratory Tract Infections; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Adult; Bacterial Infections; Ceftriaxone; Child; Global Health; Humans; Osteoarthritis; Respiratory Tract Infections; Urinary Tract Infections

Lyme disease is an emerging problem in Poland. Analysis has been undertaken of the medical documentation of 86 patients hospitalized in the Infectious Diseases Department, University Hospital in Cracow in 2013-2016, suspected of Lyme arthritis. It has especially considered medical history including potential exposure to the infection, detailed characteristics of the symptoms, diagnostic challenges and results of the treatment. Only some patients had a history of erythema migrans and not all of them recalled tick-bite. The majority of the patients had affected large joints, especially knee joints, and polyarthritis was rarely observed. Symptoms were resolved completely or partially after antibiotic treatment in most patients. The diagnosis of Lyme arthritis in areas endemic for Lyme disease is still a diagnostic challenge in patients with other rheumatic diseases, including osteoarthritis.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis, Infectious; Ceftriaxone; Diagnosis, Differential; Doxycycline; Erythema Chronicum Migrans; Female; Foot Joints; Hand Joints; Hip Joint; Hospitalization; Hospitals, University; Humans; Knee Joint; Lyme Disease; Male; Middle Aged; Osteoarthritis; Poland; Shoulder Joint; Tick Bites; Treatment Outcome

Cephalosporins (CEFs) are antibiotics frequently used to treat bone infections and septic arthritis. The effects of CEFs on chondrocytes have not been studied until now. Cefazolin (cef1) and ceftriaxone (cef3), first-and third-generation CEFs, were selected to investigate their direct effects on normal and osteoarthritic (OA) primary canine chondrocytes, which were either nonstimulated or stimulated with the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. In our results, treatment with CEFs increased the negative effects on both conditioned normal and OA chondrocytes, especially when applied to IL-1β-stimulated cells (inflammatory stimulus). CEFs significantly decreased cell viability and induced apoptotic cell death in both normal and OA chondrocytes; moreover, treatment with cef1 caused necrotic cell death in OA chondrocytes. Cef3 treatment could increase s-GAG synthesis in normal cells preincubated with IL-1β, while cef1 had no significant effect. The expression of TNF was clearly downregulated after cef3 treatments, whereas it was upregulated after cef1 treatments. However, cef3 induced stronger downregulation of TIMP1 and the extracellular matrix component genes COL2A1 and ACAN. In conclusion, these results suggest both the cytotoxic effects of CEFs and their adverse effects on chondrogenic marker genes at the transcriptional level, which provide additional insight into the clinical application of cef1 and cef3.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Apoptosis; Cefazolin; Ceftriaxone; Cells, Cultured; Chondrocytes; Dogs; Interleukin-1beta; Osteoarthritis; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction; Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha

Osteoarticular infections (OAI) are infrequent in pediatrics and there is controversy on the need for prolonged use of intravenous antimicrobials.. To characterize and describe evolution and complications of a regimen of 7 days initial intravenous antibiotic treatment for OAI in children, completing 4-6 weeks of total treatment.. In a large pediatric hospital, 70 children younger than 15 years of age were diagnosed with OAI between March 2003 and December 2004. Children received 7 days of intravenous antibiotics followed by 3 to 5 weeks of oral treatment.. Incidence of OAI in this hospital was 1.8:10000. Patients mean age was 6.4 +/-4.4 years and 60% presented with septic arthritis, 36% osteomyelitis and 4% osteoarthritis. In 80% of cases, the infection was located in the lower extremity. Positive cultures were obtained in 59% predominating Staphylococcus aureus (46.5%). Seven patients had prolonged pain or persistently high or increasing serum C reactive protein levels and were maintained on prolonged intravenous therapy. None of the 63 children with 7 day intravenous antimicrobials nor the 7 children with prolonged intravenous use developed a complication in the short-term follow up.. Seven days of intravenous antibiotic for the initial phase of OAI treatment was effective in a majority of children and may be recommended.

Topics: Adolescent; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Arthritis, Infectious; Ceftriaxone; Child; Child, Preschool; Chloramphenicol; Cloxacillin; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gram-Negative Bacteria; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Humans; Infant; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Osteoarthritis; Osteomyelitis; Treatment Outcome