ro13-9904 and Liver-Cirrhosis--Alcoholic

Topics: Actinomycetales Infections; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Aortic Valve Stenosis; Bacteremia; Brevibacterium; Ceftriaxone; Disease Susceptibility; Drug Therapy, Combination; Emergencies; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Facial Dermatoses; Gentamicins; Humans; Levofloxacin; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic; Male; Middle Aged; Recurrence; Tetracycline; Vancomycin; Wound Infection

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ascites; Ascitic Fluid; Brain Diseases; Ceftriaxone; Diagnosis, Differential; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic; Liver Transplantation; Male; Middle Aged; Paracentesis; Percussion; Postoperative Complications; Renal Insufficiency; Risk Factors; Serum Albumin

We have compared in two separate studies the kinetics of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime in 8 cirrhotic patients with ascites and 8 control subjects after a single 20 min intravenous infusion of 1 g of each drug. The apparent volumes of distribution (Vz) were found to be significantly higher in cirrhotics than in control subjects (0.87, versus 0.49, l.kg-1, for cefotaxime and 0.23 versus 0.13 for ceftriaxone). The elimination kinetics of ceftriaxone were similar in the two groups. In contrast, the total and non-renal clearances of cefotaxime were reduced in cirrhotic patients. The two drugs rapidly entered the ascitic fluid. Peritoneal concentrations of ceftriaxone were higher than 7 micrograms.ml-1 from the second hour after the infusion and were 8.9 micrograms.ml-1 at 24 h. Peritoneal concentrations of cefotaxime were higher than 4 micrograms.ml-1 from 0.5 to 8 h after the infusion.

Topics: Ascites; Cefotaxime; Ceftriaxone; Female; Humans; Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic; Male; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Cavity