ro-28-2653 and Breast-Neoplasms

The implication of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in the major stages of cancer progression has fueled interest in the design of synthetic MMP inhibitors (MMPIs) as a novel anticancer therapy. Thus far, drugs used in clinical trials are broad-spectrum MMPIs the therapeutic index of which proved disappointingly low. The development of selective MMPIs for tumor progression-associated MMPs is, thus, likely to offer improved therapeutic possibilities.. The anti-invasive capacity of a series of pyrimidine-trione derivatives was tested in vitro in a chemoinvasion assay, and the most potent compound was further evaluated in vivo in different human tumor xenograft models. The activity of this novel selective MMPI was compared with BB-94, a broad-spectrum inhibitor.. Ro-28-2653, an inhibitor with high selectivity for MMP-2, MMP-9, and membrane type 1 (MT1)-MMP, showed the highest anti-invasive activity in vitro. In vivo, Ro-28-2653 reduced the growth of tumors induced by the inoculation of different cell lines producing MMPs and inhibited the tumor-promoting effect of fibroblasts on breast adenocarcinoma cells. Furthermore, Ro-28-2653 reduced tumor vascularization and blocked angiogenesis in a rat aortic ring assay. In contrast, BB-94 up-regulated MMP-9 expression in tumor cells and promoted angiogenesis in the aortic ring assay.. Ro-28-2653, a selective and orally bioavailable MMPI with inhibitory activity against MMPs expressed by tumor and/or stromal cells, is a potent antitumor and antiangiogenic agent. In contrast to broad-spectrum inhibitors, the administration of Ro-28-2653 was not associated with the occurrence of adverse side effects that might hamper the therapeutic potential of these drugs.

Topics: Adenocarcinoma; Administration, Oral; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Aorta; Breast Neoplasms; Cell Line, Tumor; Disease Progression; DNA, Complementary; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Enzyme Inhibitors; Fibroblasts; Humans; Inhibitory Concentration 50; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; Microscopy, Fluorescence; Models, Chemical; Neoplasm Invasiveness; Neoplasm Transplantation; Neovascularization, Pathologic; Phenylalanine; Piperazines; Protease Inhibitors; Pyrimidines; Rats; Thiophenes; Time Factors; Up-Regulation

For measuring the efficacy of new anti-metastatic drugs in preclinical models, macroscopical analysis or classical histology of secondary organs are established methods. However, macroscopical evaluation does not take into consideration intra-organ metastasis. Histological analysis is often performed in few sections of the relevant organs, and this may be misleading, since equal distribution of tumor cells within an organ is unlikely. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that anti-tumorigenic drugs are able to promote metastasis and to change the metastatic pattern. Therefore, extensive analysis of metastasis is mandatory for the evaluation of new compounds. A feasibility study was conducted to find out if the quantification of human Alu sequences could be applied as a surrogate marker for metastasis in xenografts. Alu PCR was performed by using the LightCycler system, which allows PCR reaction and subsequent quantification of the PCR products in less than 30 min. We found that i) the equivalent of one human tumor cell in 1 x 10(6) murine cells could be detected; ii) in tumor-carrying mice, Alu signal increased over time in secondary organs; iii) this increase was more prominent using highly metastatic tumor cells; iv) Alu signal intensity in DNA extracted from tissue slides correlated with the expression of histological tumor markers; v) in three different tumor models (colon, breast and lung), treatment with Taxol or 5-fluorouracil reduced the amount of Alu in different organs. In contrast, reduction of Alu by the matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor RO 28-2653 was not significant. Taken together, quantification of Alu sequences is a fast and accurate method to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of anti-metastatic drugs in xenografts.

Topics: Alu Elements; Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma; Colonic Neoplasms; DNA, Neoplasm; Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; Female; Fluorouracil; Humans; Liver Neoplasms; Lung Neoplasms; Mice; Mice, SCID; Neoplasms; Paclitaxel; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Piperazines; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Pyrimidines; Sensitivity and Specificity; Transplantation, Heterologous; Tumor Cells, Cultured; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays