rimorphin and Substance-Related-Disorders

The effects of neonatal handling on the opioid dynorphin peptides in the brain and pituitary gland of Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated. Ten weeks after the neonatal handling, handled rats had higher tissue levels of dynorphin A and B in the hypothalamus, pituitary gland and striatum and slightly higher dynorphin B levels in the hippocampus, medulla oblongata and midbrain as compared with non-handled controls. The results indicate a persistent upregulation of the dynorphin system in certain brain areas after neonatal handling, which could contribute to the behavioural changes in these rats observed later in life. Observation in the open field and the elevated plus-maze tests confirmed behavioural effects of neonatal handling, i.e. showing that handled rats exhibit attenuated fearfulness in novel environments as compared with non-handled rats.

Topics: Animals; Animals, Newborn; Behavior, Animal; Brain Chemistry; Corpus Striatum; Dynorphins; Endorphins; Female; Handling, Psychological; Hippocampus; Hypothalamus; Maze Learning; Medulla Oblongata; Mesencephalon; Physical Stimulation; Pituitary Gland; Pregnancy; Rats; Rats, Sprague-Dawley; Substance-Related Disorders

Topics: Animals; Aorta, Thoracic; Cocaine; Cyclic AMP; Electric Stimulation; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Ileum; In Vitro Techniques; Male; Mice; Muscle, Smooth; Opioid-Related Disorders; Rats; Receptors, Dopamine; Receptors, Opioid; Receptors, Serotonin; Substance-Related Disorders