rifapentine and Bacterial-Infections

After staphylococci, streptococci and enterococci are the most frequent causes of periprosthetic joint infection (PJI). MICs and minimum biofilm bactericidal concentrations of rifampin, rifabutin, and rifapentine were determined for 67 enterococcal and 59 streptococcal PJI isolates. Eighty-eight isolates had rifampin MICs of ≤1 μg/ml, among which rifabutin and rifapentine MICs were ≤ 8 and ≤4 μg/ml, respectively. There was low rifamycin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacterial Infections; Biofilms; Enterococcus; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Prosthesis-Related Infections; Rifabutin; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus

DL 473, a new semisynthetic rifamycin, was 2-10 times more active in vitro than rifampicin (RAMP) against several clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and only slightly less active than RAMP against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. It showed excellent therapeutic activity in mice in experimental infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes group A, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Klebsiella pneumoniae. In the experimental TB infection in the mouse DL 473 was clearly more active than isoniazide and RAMP, two of the most effective antitubercular drugs in current use. The LD50 in the mouse was significantly higher than that of RAMP and the half-life was about 5 times longer than that of RAMP.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Bacterial Infections; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Isoniazid; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Rifampin; Tuberculosis