rifampin and Skin-Diseases--Infectious

Topics: Humans; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Cephalosporins; Clindamycin; Drug Combinations; Erythromycin; Humans; Methicillin; Metronidazole; Nalidixic Acid; Penicillin Resistance; Penicillins; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Sulfamethoxazole; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Vancomycin

The addition of 5 days of rifampin therapy to a 10- or 14-day course of penicillin or erythromycin therapy has been shown to reduce greatly the rate of chronic streptococcal carriage. The empiric use of rifampin in combination with penicillin or erythromycin in nine of nine patients with streptococcal-associated psoriasis appeared to coincide with a marked improvement in their skin.

Topics: Adult; Carrier State; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythromycin; Female; Humans; Male; Penicillin V; Psoriasis; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Streptococcal Infections

Daptomycin is a bactericidal antibiotic approved for the treatment of skin and soft tissue infections and right-side endocarditis. However, there is a lack of published data outlining its usefulness in vascular graft infections (VGI). The aim of this study was to describe the clinical experience of daptomycin use in the treatment of VGI caused by Gram-positive bacteria.. This was a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with VGI receiving daptomycin at a tertiary care hospital during the period January 2010 to December 2012.. Of a total 1066 consecutive patients who had undergone vascular grafts (VG), 25 were diagnosed with VGI. Fifteen of these patients (11 prosthetic VG, three autologous VG, one both types) received daptomycin (median dose 6.7mg/kg/day, range 4.1-7.1mg/kg/day; median age 69 years, range 45-83 years; 80% male). The infected bypass was removed in 13 cases. The most common reason for selecting daptomycin was kidney failure (53%). The Gram-positive organisms isolated were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (n=10), Staphylococcus aureus (n=3) (two methicillin-resistant S. aureus), Enterococcus faecium (n=2), and Enterococcus faecalis (n=1). The mean follow-up was 69 months (interquartile range 48-72 months). Ten patients (66.7%) achieved complete healing of the VGI. A recurrence of the infection was observed in 100% of patients in whom the bypass was not removed. Among patients who did not achieve complete healing, one needed a supracondylar amputation and one died as a consequence of infection. Five patients received treatment with rifampicin in addition to daptomycin and they were all cured.. The use of daptomycin and surgery for Gram-positive VGI was effective and well tolerated, and this may be a good alternative for the treatment of VGI in patients with peripheral arterial disease in whom renal insufficiency is common.

Topics: Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Daptomycin; Endocarditis; Enterococcus faecalis; Enterococcus faecium; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Humans; Male; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Middle Aged; Recurrence; Retrospective Studies; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Soft Tissue Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Treatment Outcome; Vascular Grafting; Wound Healing

Mycobacterium gordonae, a low pathogenicity organism, is rarely implicated in skin and soft tissue infections. We present a 77-year-old returned diabetic traveler from rural Sudan with cutaneous M. gordonae infection. Several months of ciprofloxacin, rifampin and ethambutol led to resolution of his plaque, without signs of recurrence at 6-month follow-up.

Topics: Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ciprofloxacin; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diagnosis, Differential; Ethambutol; Humans; Male; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Travel

We report two pediatric patients with recalcitrant staphylococcal infections whose infections resolved when rifampin was added to standard antistaphylococcal therapy. One patient had a post-varicella staphylococcal ulcerative lesion and did not respond to cephalexin alone but did respond when rifampin was added. A second patient had staphylococcal bullous impetigo and did not respond to dicloxacillin or cephalexin but did respond when rifampin was added to the cephalexin. If a patient fails to respond to traditional antistaphylococcal therapy, the addition of rifampin may be beneficial.

Topics: Cephalexin; Chickenpox; Child; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Impetigo; Male; Prospective Studies; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Skin Diseases, Vesiculobullous; Staphylococcal Infections; Wound Infection

The Authors describe two cases of Sporotrichoid infection characterized by the onset, above previous skin accidental injuries, of a papulo-pustular lesion, with further development of centripetal satellite lesions similar to the first one. A precise etiological definition was possible only after the cultural,l mycological and bacteriological examination of biopsy material. The very similar clinical features of the two cases were due to different etiological pathogens: Sporothrix schenckii in one case and Mycobacterium marinum in the other case. A complete healing of the skin lesion was obtained with Itraconazole in the first case and Rifampin in the second case.

Topics: Aged; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Humans; Itraconazole; Ketoconazole; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Sporothrix; Sporotrichosis

A 38-year-old woman presented with small, ulcerated, red or bluish nodules on the right hand, clinically resembling mycobacterial granulomas; these appeared a few months after a bite by a rat, while the patient was collecting frogs in a pond in the Belgian Ardennes. The histopathologic picture was compatible with a diagnosis of mycobacterial infection and rare acid-fast bacilli could be found. Repeated bacteriologic investigations were performed and these led to the identification of a strain displaying characteristics of Mycobacterium gordonae. The skin condition responded well to rifampicin (300 mg/day) within 6 months.

Topics: Adult; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

We tested the ability of teicoplanin alone and in combination with rifampicin or gentamicin to cure experimental endocarditis and granuloma pouch infections in rats caused by Streptococcus faecalis, Str. sanguis, methicillin-sensitive and -resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Vancomycin and ampicillin were also tested. Teicoplanin was more active than vancomycin and ampicillin. Combinations of teicoplanin with rifampicin or gentamicin were significantly more effective than single drug therapy. These results suggest that teicoplanin could be an interesting alternative to vancomycin in the treatment of serious streptococcal and staphylococcal infections in man.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Drug Therapy, Combination; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Gentamicins; Glycopeptides; Granuloma; Male; Methicillin; Penicillin Resistance; Rats; Rats, Inbred F344; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Streptococcal Infections; Teicoplanin; Vancomycin

Infections with Mycobacterium marinum are uncommon in children but should be considered by a physician confronted with chronic, poorly healing skin lesions. A case of such an infection in a 4-year-old child is presented. Presenting signs and symptoms, differential diagnosis, and treatment of these infections are discussed.

Topics: Axilla; Child, Preschool; Combined Modality Therapy; Drainage; Elbow; Ethambutol; Female; Humans; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Wrist

Combination of rifampicin with trimethoprim, erythromycin, tetracycline or fusidic acid have some desirable features in the treatment of difficult infections. They are active against a very wide range of possible pathogens. Resistance to rifampicin is rare. Such combinations may be bactericidal and may be usefully synergistic. They may prevent or delay the emergence of bacterial resistant seen when some single agents are used. They can be used in patients with penicillin hypersensitivity. A series of life-threatening infections has been treated with rifampicin-containing combinations. The infections included endocarditis, meningitis, pneumonia, Legionnaire's disease, and head and neck sepsis. A major reason for the choice of drug was often penicillin hypersensitivity. A second reason was the presumption (mostly subsequently confirmed) that streptococci and/or staphylococci were implicated. The clinical outcome of these infections was generally satisfactory, with few side effects and little evidence of the emergence of antibiotic resistance.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Bacterial Infections; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythromycin; Female; Fusidic Acid; Humans; Infant; Legionnaires' Disease; Male; Meningitis; Middle Aged; Osteomyelitis; Rifampin; Sepsis; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Staphylococcal Infections; Tetracycline; Trimethoprim

Topics: Ethambutol; Female; Humans; Infant; Isoniazid; Mycobacterium Infections; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Adult; Female; Humans; Isoniazid; Kidney Transplantation; Leg Dermatoses; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Four cases of chronic granulomatous skin infections (two due to Sporothrix schenckii and two to Mycobacterium marinum) were treated primarily by the intermittent application of local hyperthermia. This treatment was initiated either because of intolerance to conventional iodide therapy for sporotrichosis or as interim therapy while awaiting diagnosis of the mycobacterial infections. The response indicated that the application of heat is a useful adjunct to the therapy of these infections. Our experience, and that of others, suggests that in some cases heat alone may be curative.

Topics: Adult; Aged; Chronic Disease; Ethambutol; Female; Granuloma; Hot Temperature; Humans; Iodides; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Sporotrichosis

Topics: Diabetes Complications; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethambutol; Female; Hand Dermatoses; Humans; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Five cases of Mycobacterium marinum skin infections were successfully treated with 2 gm of tetracycline hydrochloride daily for periods from four to 12 weeks. In each case, the isolated M marinum was sensitive in vitro to tetracycline at levels from 25 to 50 microgram/ml. Tetracycline is recommended as treatment for extensive or sporotrichoid M marinum infections.

Topics: 4-Aminobenzoic Acid; Adult; Ethambutol; Granuloma; Humans; Isoniazid; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Streptomycin; Tetracycline

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Diagnosis, Differential; Ethambutol; Female; Granuloma; Humans; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Water Microbiology

Topics: Capreomycin; Child; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Ethambutol; Ethionamide; Humans; Isoniazid; Kanamycin; Lung Diseases; Lymphadenitis; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Sputum; Streptomycin

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Amputation, Surgical; Debridement; Diagnosis, Differential; Ethambutol; Female; Fingers; Hand; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections; Osteomyelitis; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Skin Ulcer; Synovitis; Tuberculosis

Topics: Aged; Diagnosis, Differential; Ethambutol; Female; Humans; Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Adolescent; Agglutination Tests; Biopsy; Ethambutol; Humans; Male; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Adult; Animals; Biopsy; Fishes; Granuloma; Humans; Male; Mycobacterium; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Swimming Pools

Topics: Aged; Animals; Arm; Cycloserine; Fishes; Hand; Humans; Male; Mycobacterium Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Animals; Humans; Male; Mice; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Mycobacterium; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Child; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Respiratory Tract Infections; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Animals; Dermatomycoses; Drug Resistance, Microbial; Enterobacteriaceae Infections; Guinea Pigs; Humans; Male; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Prostatitis; Pyoderma; Rabbits; Rats; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Staphylococcal Infections; Streptococcal Infections; Urethritis; Urinary Tract Infections

Topics: Administration, Topical; Anti-Infective Agents, Local; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Female; Humans; Male; Ointments; Prednisolone; Rifampin; Skin Diseases, Infectious; Skin Tests; Staphylococcal Infections