rifampin and Lymphoma

Abdominal pain represents a frequent symptom for referral to emergency departments and/or internal medicine outpatient setting. Similarly, fever, fatigue and weight loss are non-specific manifestations of disease. The present case describes the diagnostic process in a patient with abdominal pain and a palpable abdominal mass. Abdominal ultrasonography confirmed the presence of a mass in the mesogastrium. Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans oriented toward calcific lymphadenopathies with increased metabolism in the positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) scan. Laboratory examinations were inconclusive, although serology for Brucella and the Quantiferon test were positive. After multidisciplinary discussion, the patient underwent surgical excision of the abdominal mass. Histological examination excluded malignancies and oriented toward brucellosis in a patient with latent tuberculosis. The patient was treated with rifampin 600 mg qd and doxycycline 100 mg bid for 6 weeks with resolution of the symptoms. In addition, rifampin was continued for a total of 6 months in order to treat latent tuberculosis. This case underlines the need for a multidisciplinary approach in the diagnostic approach to abdominal lymphadenopathies.

Topics: Abdominal Pain; Brucellosis; Humans; Latent Tuberculosis; Lymphadenopathy; Lymphoma; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Rifampin; Tuberculosis

A 2-year, 7-month-old female Chihuahua was admitted for a mammary mass measuring one cm in diameter. The dog had a history of demodicosis for 4 months and showed signs of pseudopregnancy at the time of the visit. Cytologic examination of an aspirate of the mass revealed a large number of macrophages containing nonstaining bacterial rods, which were acid-fast in a Ziehl-Neelsen stain, suggesting mycobacterial infection. Histologic examination of the mass revealed a pyogranulomatous mastitis characterized by an infiltration with macrophages containing acid-fast bacteria. Mycobacterium kansasii was subsequently cultured and identified by PCR. Surgical excision of the mass resulted in the growth of other dermal masses, but antimycobacterial treatment with rifampin and clarithromycin resolved these masses within 1 month. Three months after discontinuation of the treatment, similar organisms were found in aspirates of the enlarged bilateral inguinal lymph nodes by cytologic examination. Despite antimycobacterial treatment for another 4 months, there was no improvement and demodicosis also recurred. The dog eventually died of lymphoma 5 months after the relapse of mycobacterial infection. Although M kansasii is considered an important pathogen for pulmonary and cutaneous disease in people, there is only one report in a dog with an infection in a pleural effusion. As both adult-onset demodicosis in dogs as well as mycobacterial infection in people have been associated with T-lymphocyte deficiency, the M kansasii infection in this dog may have been associated with a condition of immune compromise.

Topics: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Biopsy, Fine-Needle; Clarithromycin; Dog Diseases; Dogs; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Lung; Lymphoma; Macrophages; Mammary Glands, Human; Mastitis; Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous; Mycobacterium kansasii; Rifampin

To analyse the impact of intensified prophylaxis with ofloxacin plus rifampin (O+R) in neutropenic patients we used this combination in 40 consecutive cycles of ifosfamide, cytarabine, prednisolone and etoposide (IAPVP-16). This salvage chemotherapy regimen for lymphoma usually produces four to six days of severe neutropenia without significant extrahematologic toxicities. We compared the infectious morbidity during neutropenia under O+R with 58 consecutives cycles using either norfloxacin or no prophylaxis (control group). Fifty-three percent of control group patients and 20% of the O+R group developed febrile neutropenia that required hospital admission (p<0.001, 95% CI for the difference between both proportions of 16% to 51%). Bacteremia was documented in two patients in the O+R group and six in the control group (p=0.08). Gram-positive cocci (GPC) accounted for all six bacteremias in the control group, while both cases in O+R group were due to a quinolone-resistant gram-negative bacteria (GNB) (p<0.01 for GPC). Five patients (13%) who received O+R and 23 (40%) in control group developed fever of unknown origin, p<0.001, while the total duration of hospitalization due to febril neutropenia was 42 days and 158 days, respectively (p<0.001). In conclusion, intensified prophylaxis with O+R appears to reduce the rate of febrile neutropenia and GPC bacteremia in patients with short and severe neutropenia, which translates into a reduction in the need for hospitalization.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols; Bacteremia; Carmustine; Cyclophosphamide; Etoposide; Female; Fever; Hodgkin Disease; Humans; Length of Stay; Lymphoma; Male; Middle Aged; Neutropenia; Ofloxacin; Opportunistic Infections; Rifampin; Salvage Therapy

Staphylococcus epidermidis ventriculitis developed in a patient undergoing treatment for meningeal lymphoblastic lymphoma via Ommaya subcutaneous reservoir. Treatment with a regimen of intravenous and intraventricular vancomycin and oral rifampin resulted in prompt cure of the infection without removal of the reservoir. The antibiotic therapy, guided by CSF bacteriocidal levels, was convenient to administer, nontoxic, and well tolerated. No interruption of lymphoma treatment was necessary.

Topics: Adult; Brain Diseases; Cerebral Ventricles; Drug Implants; Drug Therapy, Combination; Humans; Lymphoma; Male; Meningeal Neoplasms; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections; Vancomycin

Topics: Adult; Humans; Lymphoma; Male; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Rifampin; Tuberculosis, Spinal

The effect of media conditions on the glucocorticoid response has been examined in three types of cultured cells. In rat pituitary tumor cells (GC cells) growth hormone production was stimulated by glucocorticoids provided fresh culture media was present (enriched media conditions). In contrast, dexamethasone either failed to induce or deinduce growth hormone synthesis if added to cultures which had not received fresh media for 3 days (depleted media condition). With human skin fibroblasts, cortisol stimulated [3H]thymidine incorporation in the enriched condition but inhibited this response in the depleted condition. In mouse lymphoma (S49) cells the enriched media conditions significantly delayed the killing response to glucocorticoids (20% killing after 24 h versus 90% killing after 24 h for the depleted condition). Thus, the magnitude and in some cases, the direction of the glucocorticoid response are sensitive to the conditions to which the cells are exposed. In all three cell types the steroid also rapidly (detectable by 15 min, maximal by 2 h) altered chromatin structure as detected by a change in the number of initiation sites for Escherichia coli RNA polymerase assayed under cell-free conditions. This early nuclear response could be in a positive or negative direction and was also affected by the culture conditions; enriched media favored a positive or less negative effect on the initiation sites by the steroid, while depleted media favored a steroid-induced inhibition of this chromatin function. In S49 and GC cells the kinetics and magnitude of the change in chromatin closely followed receptor . glucocorticoid complex binding to nuclei while removal of dexamethasone from the culture media resulted in a rapid (t 1/2 = approximately 20 min) disappearance of the effect which paralleled loss of bound hormone from the nucleus. The glucocorticoid effect on chromatin was not observed in two lines of glucocorticoid-resistant mutant S49 cells. One line (R-) lacks detectable glucocorticoid receptors; the other line (Nti) has receptors that bind the hormone normally, but the receptor . glucocorticoid complexes bind more avidly to the nucleus. These results suggest that the receptor is involved in both the stimulatory and the inhibitory effects on chromatin. The findings in the Nti cells and of a slight lag between nuclear binding of receptors and initiation site alteration implies that some receptor property, in addition to nuclear binding per se, is respon

Topics: Animals; Cell Line; Chromatin; Dactinomycin; Dexamethasone; DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; Fibroblasts; Growth Hormone; Humans; Hydrocortisone; Kinetics; Lymphoma; Mice; Pituitary Neoplasms; Rats; Rifampin; Skin

Five rifamycin derivatives have been compared for their effectiveness in inhibiting chemically-induced mammary tumours in rats. Daily oral administration of DMB (dimethylbenzyl-desmethylrifampicin), starting 2 weeks before the carcinogen challenge, was the most effective, both in inhibiting or delaying the onset of tumours and in slowing the growth of those that occurred. The inhibitory effects of rifampin, dirifampin, RC-16(rifazacyclo16) and R-82) were less than those of DMB when administered by the same route at the same dose level.

Topics: 9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; Animals; Drug Interactions; Female; Lymphoma; Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; Neoplasms, Experimental; Rats; Rifampin; Rifamycins

Topics: Animals; Antimetabolites; Cytarabine; Dactinomycin; Female; Immunity; Leukemia Virus, Murine; Lymphoma; Male; Mice; Puromycin; Regeneration; Rifampin; Streptonigrin; Streptovaricin; Thymectomy; Thymus Gland

The conversion of simian virus 40 (SV40) component II deoxyribonucleic acid to component I has been used to assay polynucleotide ligase in extracts of tissue culture cells. All cell types examined, including chicken, hamster, mouse, monkey, and human cells, contained adenosine triphosphate-dependent ligase. After infection of mouse embryo, monkey kidney, and HeLa cells with polyoma virus, SV40, and vaccinia virus, respectively, the enzyme activity increased, but its cofactor requirement was unchanged. In vaccinia virus-infected cells, the increased activity was localized in the cytoplasm. Ligase induction occurred in the presence of cytosine arabinoside but was prevented by puromycin. Rifampicin blocked the production of infectious vaccinia particles but had little effect on the induction of ligase.

Topics: Animals; Carbon Isotopes; Cell Line; Cell Nucleus; Chick Embryo; Cricetinae; Cytarabine; Cytoplasm; DNA Replication; DNA, Viral; Embryo, Mammalian; Fibroblasts; Haplorhini; HeLa Cells; Humans; Kidney; Ligases; Lymphoma; Mice; Neoplasms, Experimental; Polyomavirus; Puromycin; Rifampin; Simian virus 40; Thymoma; Vaccinia virus