rifampin and Infant--Premature--Diseases

Neonatal brucellosis following blood transfusion has not previously been reported. A premature male infant born at 24 weeks gestation developed low grade fever and decreased activity and showed poor weight gain at 45 weeks post-menstrual age. Blood culture grew Brucella melitensis and the brucella antibody titre was positive. He received a 6-week course of septrin and rifampicin and made a full recovery. The infant had received a blood transfusion 5 days prior to his illness. The blood donor had symptoms suggestive of brucellosis, and it was suspected that the blood transfusion was the source of infection but this could not be confirmed as the donor was not traceable. It is suggested that, in areas endemic for brucellosis, prospective blood donors should be questioned about symptoms of brucellosis, and serological tests to screen for brucellosis might be indicated.

Topics: Agglutination Tests; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Bacteremia; Brucella melitensis; Brucellosis; Erythrocyte Transfusion; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Male; Rifampin; Treatment Outcome; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination

We report here the first pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationship for ceftaroline in a preterm infant born at <28 weeks' gestational age who was given ceftaroline (8.5 mg/kg every 8 hours) for pneumonia attributable to methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus. This dose of ceftaroline was adequate to achieve the pharmacodynamic endpoint associated with efficacy for methicillin-resistant Staphyloccocus aureus.

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Ceftaroline; Cephalosporins; Drug Therapy, Combination; Fatal Outcome; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Pneumonia, Staphylococcal; Rifampin

Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteremia; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections; Vancomycin

A premature twin of 1.9 kg had mitral valve endocarditis develop during neonatal intensive care. Vegetation involving the entire anterior mitral valve leaflet was identified. Reconstruction was achieved by near complete resection of the anterior mitral valve leaflet and retention of the peripheral margin of coaptation including primary and secondary chordae. The body of the anterior mitral valve leaflet was reconstructed using fresh autologous pericardium, a technique not previously reported in an infant of this size. Three and a half years later, the child is well and has required no further intervention.

Topics: Bioprosthesis; Birth Weight; Captopril; Combined Modality Therapy; Diseases in Twins; Diuretics; Endocarditis, Bacterial; Female; Gentamicins; Humans; Hypertension, Pulmonary; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Methicillin Resistance; Mitral Valve; Mitral Valve Insufficiency; Pericardium; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections; Transplantation, Autologous; Twins, Monozygotic; Vancomycin

Topics: Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Coagulase; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Meningitis, Bacterial; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus; Treatment Outcome; Vancomycin

Topics: Cross Infection; Drug Therapy, Combination; Erythromycin; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Legionnaires' Disease; Male; Rifampin; Risk Factors; Water Supply

Topics: Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Male; Nasopharynx; Recurrence; Rifampin; Streptococcal Infections; Streptococcus agalactiae

Topics: Cerebral Ventricles; Encephalitis; Female; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections

Topics: Bacterial Infections; Humans; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Rifampin

Topics: Child, Preschool; Enteritis; Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases; Infant, Premature, Diseases; Pediatrics; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Rifampin; Urinary Tract Infections