rifampin and Hepatitis--Viral--Human

Topics: Amantadine; Animals; Benzimidazoles; Chickenpox; Cytarabine; gamma-Globulins; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Herpes Simplex; Herpes Zoster; Humans; Idoxuridine; Inosine Pranobex; Interferons; Measles; Mumps; Phosphonoacetic Acid; Ribavirin; Rifampin; Rubella; Vaccination; Vaccinia virus; Vidarabine; Virus Diseases

Department of Chest Diseases, Gazi University Faculty of Medicine and Atatürk Chest Diseases Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.. The primary purpose of this study was to assess the contributory role of viral hepatitis in antituberculosis drug hepatotoxicity.. Serologic markers for viral hepatitis were studied in 57 patients who developed acute hepatitis during antituberculosis therapy with rifampicin and isoniazid.. Among 705 adult tuberculous patients, 57 (8.1%) developed acute hepatitis during therapy with rifampicin and isoniazid. Serologic markers confirmed the presence of hepatitis B in 6 (10.5%) and hepatitis C in 4 (7%) of the 57 patients. Acute hepatitis A was not diagnosed in any of the patients.. Hepatitis occurring during antituberculosis therapy may not be drug-induced in all patients. Apart from the other factors mentioned above the endemicity of viral hepatitis in developing countries could be responsible for the higher incidence of antituberculosis-drug hepatitis.

Topics: Acute Disease; Adolescent; Adult; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Diagnosis, Differential; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Humans; Isoniazid; Male; Middle Aged; Pyrazinamide; Rifampin

The complications of isoniazid (INH) were studied in 1033 patients, who had received INH for at least 18 months, with or without other drugs. Hepatitis developed in 25 patients; this was attributed to rifampicin, (15 cases); infectious hepatitis (three cases); INH alone, (three cases); IHN possibly exacerbating chronic liver disease, (two cases); and multiple drug treatment, (two cases). Central nervous system disorders (mainly peripheral neuropathy) due to INH occurred in 12 patients, all of whom were over the age of 40 years. Hypersensitivity to INH developed in 12 patients. Some difficulties in distinguishing hepatitis due to rifampicin from that due to INH are discussed. When the risk of hepatitis was compared with the risks of developing, or dying from, tuberculosis, it was found that the benefits of INH chemoprophylaxis outweighed the risks, particularly in patients who were less than 50 years of age.

Topics: Adult; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Humans; Isoniazid; Liver Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Rifampin; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary