rifampin and Hemiplegia

A 9-year-old HIV-infected child previously treated with inadequate doses of antitubercular drugs based on weight was admitted 5 months after initial tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis with acute hemiplegia and inguinal lymphadenopathies in a rural hospital in Tanzania. He was diagnosed with TB meningitis and lymphadenitis using Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (MTB/RIF) assay. Rifampicin resistance was detected in the lymph node aspirate but not in the cerebrospinal fluid. His TB therapy was optimised based on available medications and antiretroviral treatment was initiated 6 weeks later. Despite these efforts, the clinical evolution was poor and the child died 12 weeks after admission.

Topics: Anti-HIV Agents; Antibiotics, Antitubercular; Child; DNA, Bacterial; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Fatal Outcome; Hemiplegia; HIV Infections; Humans; Lymph Nodes; Lymphadenitis; Male; Meningitis; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Rifampin; Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant

Acute ethmoiditis is a rare infection of ethmoidal cells. The pathognomonic sign is an edema of the internal corner of the eye. Imaging may be necessary to verify the absence of orbital or endocranial complications. Thrombophlebitis of the cavernous sinus is a serious complication of this infectious process. We report the case of an 11-year-old boy who presented with ethmoiditis complicated with thrombophlebitis of the cavernous sinus, with right hemiplegia and left Bell palsy sequelae. Early diagnosis of this disorder and urgent therapy are essential. Treatment is based on the antibiotic therapy.

Topics: Acute Disease; Cavernous Sinus; Cavernous Sinus Thrombosis; Combined Modality Therapy; Drug Therapy, Combination; Early Diagnosis; Ethmoid Sinus; Ethmoid Sinusitis; Facial Paralysis; Hemiplegia; Humans; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus; Physical Therapy Modalities; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vancomycin

We present a case of parotid tuberculosis diagnosed through F.N.A.C. (fine needle aspiration cytology). Due to this rare extrapulmonary location of the tuberculosis, the AA. make a review of the last 12 years concerning literature together with a monographic study of the process.

Topics: Demyelinating Diseases; Electromyography; Facial Nerve; Facial Paralysis; Female; Functional Laterality; Hemiplegia; Humans; Hypoglossal Nerve; Isoniazid; Middle Aged; Parotid Diseases; Parotid Gland; Pyridoxine; Rifampin; Sialography; Tuberculosis

A young goat was presented with a left spastic hemiparesis and general proprioceptive ataxia with postural reaction deficits, a right head tilt and positional nystagmus. Seizure-like activity was elicited by rapid changes in the position of the animal's head. The neurological signs and quality of the seizure activity suggested a lesion involving the medulla and possibly the cerebellum. A focal lesion at the level of the left cerebellar peduncles could explain the left hemiparesis and right paradoxical vestibular signs. A large encapsulated abscess was found at the confluence of the left cerebellar peduncles. The morphology and staining characteristics of the organisms within the abscess were consistent with Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis.

Topics: Animals; Ataxia; Brain; Brain Abscess; Cerebellar Diseases; Corynebacterium Infections; Corynebacterium pseudotuberculosis; Diagnosis, Differential; Diazepam; Goat Diseases; Goats; Hemiplegia; Male; Neurologic Examination; Penicillin G Procaine; Rifampin; Seizures

Of the 20 patients given rifampicin and isoniazid, 19 survived and one died. Twelve patients recovered from the disease without any significant neurologic defect. Seven patients had moderate to severe handicaps which included hemiparesis in four, hydrocephalus in two,mental retardation in three, and blindness in one. There was no hearing deficit. The average hospital stay in this group was 3-1/2 weeks. Among the 13 patients given streptomycin, PAS, and isoniazid, four are dead. Only three patients recovered with a completely good condition. The remainder had either single or multiple neurologic defects. The moderate degree of nerve deafness was also observed in two patients.

Topics: Adolescent; Aminosalicylic Acids; Blindness; Child; Child, Preschool; Drug Evaluation; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hemiplegia; Humans; Hydrocephalus; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Intellectual Disability; Isoniazid; Rifampin; Tuberculosis, Meningeal