rifampin and Hematologic-Diseases

Topics: Acetamides; Adult; Aged; Anti-Infective Agents; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Female; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Linezolid; Male; Methicillin Resistance; Middle Aged; Oxazolidinones; Prospective Studies; Rifampin; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus; Thrombocytopenia

To describe the clinical presentations, laboratory findings, prevalence and pattern of complications and the response to treatment of brucellosis in a 12-year period in a Turkish research hospital.. Between 1996 and 2008, 231 patients were diagnosed with brucellosis and treated in our clinic. Medical records of 189 of the 231 patients with at least one demonstrable complication of the disease were reviewed for anamnesis, diagnosis, complications, treatment and clinical outcomes.. The decreasing order of the complications was: hematological, 104 (55%); osteoarticular, 70 (37%); hepatobiliary, 59 (31%), and gastrointestinal, 23 (12%). The most common laboratory findings were anemia, lymphomonocytosis, elevated sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein, and elevated aminotransaminases.. The hematological, osteoarticular and hepatobiliary manifestations were predominant. Bursitis, synovitis, glomerulonephritis, cutaneous lesion and deep vein thrombosis were the rare complications observed in our study. In clinical practice, brucellosis should be considered in the differential diagnosis in the presence of infrequent complications.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Blood Sedimentation; Brucellosis; C-Reactive Protein; Diagnosis, Differential; Doxycycline; Female; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Joint Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Prevalence; Retrospective Studies; Rifampin; Streptomycin; Time Factors; Turkey; Young Adult

This study surveys the extent and severity of haematological abnormalities which occurred in 380 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Full blood count, bone marrow aspiration smears, and bone marrow trephine biopsy was analyzed by authors. Anaemia was present in 32 percent of patients. Leucocytosis with neutrophilia occurred in 18 percent. Leucopenia with neutropenia, and lymphopenia was observed in 16 percent in patients with very severe clinical tuberculosis. Elevated platelet count occurred in 8 percent with deep vein thrombosis in legs in 50 percent. Dysmyelopoietic syndrome was diagnosed in one case by bone marrow trephine biopsy. There was a close correlation between the haematological abnormalities and the severity of clinical findings of pulmonary tuberculosis. This survey has revealed that haematological abnormalities are relatively common in severe pulmonary tuberculosis. It seems that body weight loss, white blood cell count, haemoglobin level and erythrocyte sedimentation rate are useful indices of severity of the tuberculosis. The return of these indices to a normal level is a good indication of disease control in that they correlate with sputum conversion to acid-fast bacilli negative.

Topics: Anemia; Antitubercular Agents; Ethambutol; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Leukopenia; Pancytopenia; Pyrazinamide; Rifampin; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Between January 1976 and June 1981, 814 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis were treated for 9 months with isoniazid (INH) and rifampin (RIF), daily for 1 month and twice weekly for the other 8 months. Overall success was achieved in 95% of the 586 patients who completed therapy: in 15 patients (2.9%), sputum cultures failed to convert to negative during therapy, and 10 patients (1.7%) have relapsed since stopping the chemotherapy. Major toxic effects occurred in 22 patients; in 14 during the daily phase and in 8 during the twice-weekly phase. Hepatic toxicity occurred in 13 patients during daily and in 5 during twice-weekly treatment, and it was caused by RIF in 5, INH in 10, and was undetermined in 3. Hematologic abnormalities developed in 4 patients: in 1 during the daily and in 3 during the twice-weekly phase. Minor side effects, which were not life threatening, were encountered in 62 patients: in 35 during the daily and in 27 during the twice-weekly therapy. These were gastrointestinal intolerance in 18, drug fever in 27 (including 11 with "flu-syndrome" during twice-weekly administration), cutaneous rashes in 14, and headache, general malaise, and weakness in 3. These side effects were produced by RIF in 43, by INH in 18, and the responsible drug was not identified in 1. Hypersensitivity reactions to twice-weekly administration of RIF were infrequent. Clinical surveillance for toxicity is preferred over routine and regular biochemical monitoring.

Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Fever; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Isoniazid; Male; Middle Aged; Rifampin; Skin Diseases; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

Topics: Antitubercular Agents; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Eruptions; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethambutol; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Isoniazid; Liver; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Psychoses, Substance-Induced; Rheumatic Diseases; Rifampin; Streptomycin; Tuberculosis

Topics: Anemia; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; Aspirin; Bone Marrow Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Neutropenia; Rifampin; Thrombocytopenia

Pneumonia caused by Legionnaires' disease bacterium was recognized in eight patients during a 7-month period. The patients were immunosuppressed by their underlying illness, corticosteroid therapy, and other exogenous immunosuppressive agents. Five of the patients had received immunosuppressive therapy for less than 16 days. Clinical presentation was similar to that of other bacterial pneumonias in compromised patients. Legionnaires' disease progressed to necrotizing pneumonia with abscess formation and respiratory failure in two patients. Diagnosis was made by [1] culture of lung tissue and bronchial washings; [2] direct fluorescent antibody staining of lung tissue, sputum, and bronchial washings; and [3] serologic evidence of infection. Therapy with oral erythromycin was ineffective. Intravenous erythromycin was given to six patients, with a good response. However, two patients showed further clinical improvement after rifampin was added. Because this illness may be more severe in compromised hosts, open lung biopsy and special microbiologic tests should be done when Legionnaires' disease is suspected.

Topics: Adrenal Cortex Hormones; Adult; Aged; Erythromycin; Female; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Immunosuppression Therapy; Kidney Transplantation; Legionnaires' Disease; Male; Middle Aged; Respiratory Insufficiency; Rifampin; Transplantation, Homologous

Topics: Acute Disease; Acute Kidney Injury; Adult; Ambulatory Care; Amylases; Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; Drug Hypersensitivity; Drug Therapy, Combination; Ethambutol; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hematologic Diseases; Humans; Isoniazid; Liver; Male; Pancreatitis; Prednisolone; Recurrence; Rifampin; Stimulation, Chemical; Streptomycin; Transaminases; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary