rifampin and Amyloidosis

In dialysis patients, β-2 microglobulin (β2m) can aggregate and eventually form amyloid fibrils in a condition known as dialysis-related amyloidosis, which deleteriously affects joint and bone function. Recently, several small molecules have been identified as potential inhibitors of β2m amyloid formation

Topics: Amyloid; Amyloidosis; beta 2-Microglobulin; Copper; Doxycycline; Humans; Protein Aggregates; Renal Dialysis; Rifampin

Light chain amyloidosis (AL) is a deadly disease characterized by the deposition of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains as insoluble amyloid fibrils in different organs and tissues. Germ line λ VI has been closely related to this condition; moreover, the R24G mutation is present in 25% of the proteins of this germ line in AL patients. In this work, five small molecules were tested as inhibitors of the formation of amyloid fibrils from the 6aJL2-R24G protein. We have found by thioflavin T fluorescence and transmission electron microscopy that EGCG inhibits 6aJL2-R24G fibrillogenesis. Furthermore, using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, and isothermal titration calorimetry, we have determined that the inhibition is due to binding to the protein in its native state, interacting mainly with aromatic residues.

Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acid Substitution; Amyloid; Amyloidosis; Catechin; Humans; Immunoglobulin Light Chains; In Vitro Techniques; Melatonin; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; Models, Molecular; Molecular Sequence Data; Mutation, Missense; Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; Protein Binding; Protein Multimerization; Quercetin; Recombinant Proteins; Rifampin; Tetracycline