rifampin and Abnormalities--Multiple

Unilateral hypoplasia of the lung is a rare congenital condition, the mechanism of which is poorly understood. Primary pulmonary hypoplasia occurring in an adult is extremely rare and we present what is probably the first case of a link to a tuberculous pleural effusion in a young woman after childbirth.. Herein, we describe a 31-year-old woman with left lung hypoplasia, and she not only survived to adulthood without problems, but was able to deliver a baby in natural labor.. Left lung hypoplasia, right tuberculous pleural effusion.. We initiated an anti-tuberculosis treatment for this patient with dose adjustments to her weight of isoniazid (0.3 g/day), rifampicin (0.45 g/day), pyrazinamide (1.5 g/day), and ethambutol (0.75 g/day) for 2 months then isoniazid and rifampicin for another 4 months.. Ten days later after beginning therapy, she became afebrile and the pleural effusion resolved. No recurrence was observed during a 6-month follow-up period.. In clinical practice, if one sees a chest x-ray revealing complete or incomplete opacification of a hemithorax with volume loss and history of repeated respiratory infections, one should consider the possibility of unilateral pulmonary hypoplasia. In such cases, regular close follow-up is important to minimize infections and to prevent development of cor pulmonale or respiratory failure.

Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Adult; Antitubercular Agents; Ethambutol; Female; Humans; Isoniazid; Lung; Lung Diseases; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; Parturition; Pleural Effusion; Pregnancy; Pulmonary Heart Disease; Respiratory Insufficiency; Rifampin; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; Tuberculosis, Pleural; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

A 10-month-old male infant presented with bilateral inguinal hernia and left un-descended testis. During right herniotomy, both gonads were found on same side with mullerian duct structures. On naked eye examination, both gonads were normal looking. Excision of mullerian duct remnant and fixation of ectopic testis was made. Histopathological examination revealed that gonads were testicles. Presence of multiple granulomas composed of Langhans cells and epithelioid cells in ectopic testicle suggested tuberculosis. Patient was kept on antituberculous therapy and was on regular follow-up without any complication.

Topics: Abnormalities, Multiple; Antitubercular Agents; Choristoma; Cryptorchidism; Drug Therapy, Combination; Hernia, Inguinal; Humans; Infant; Isoniazid; Male; Mullerian Ducts; Pyrazinamide; Rifampin; Syndrome; Testicular Diseases; Tuberculosis, Male Genital; Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male