retinol-palmitate and Corneal-Diseases

We have studied the response of malnourished, xerophthalmic children to injections of water-miscible vitamin A to assess the most effective dose. Total dose injected was either greater than 100,000, 100,000, or 50,000 IU. Serum levels of retinol-binding protein, prealbumin, retinyl esters, and retinol were estimated. More than half the children given the largest does had exceptionally high serum retinyl esters and a high molar ratio of retinol and retinyl esters to retinol-binding protein. In no group did retinol-binding protein or prealbumin reach normal levels 24 h after dose. Eye recovery and weight gain was so good after 50,000 IU as after higher doses. The possible toxicity of retinyl esters and free retinol in serum is discussed and the level of vitamin A in normal liver is considered in relation to therapeutic doses. The role of protein deficiency in influencing response to dose is reviewed.

Topics: Child; Corneal Diseases; Diterpenes; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Humans; Male; Nutrition Disorders; Palmitates; Retinol-Binding Proteins; Retinyl Esters; Vitamin A; Xerophthalmia

Topics: Alcoholism; Conjunctival Diseases; Corneal Diseases; Diterpenes; Humans; Injections, Intramuscular; Liver Function Tests; Malabsorption Syndromes; Male; Middle Aged; Retinyl Esters; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency

To investigate ability of vitamin A (VA, retinol palmitate) to promote wound healing after injury in rabbit eye.. After keratoconjunctival injury by 20 microL of n-heptanol, VA eye drops at 500, 1000, or 1500 IU/mL were started 6 times a day for 11 days. Fluorescein and rose bengal staining and histological analysis were performed.. Fluorescein staining was significantly reduced by 1000 and 1500 IU/mL of VA and rose bengal staining by all concentrations. Histological examination revealed acceleration of wound healing after 7 days (1500 IU/mL).. VA may be useful in treatment of keratoconjunctival injury.

Topics: Animals; Burns, Chemical; Conjunctival Diseases; Corneal Diseases; Disease Models, Animal; Diterpenes; Epithelial Cells; Eye Burns; Eye Proteins; Fluorescein; Fluorescent Dyes; Heptanol; Male; Mucins; Ophthalmic Solutions; Rabbits; Retinyl Esters; Rose Bengal; Tears; Vitamin A; Wound Healing

Topics: Corneal Diseases; Cystic Fibrosis; Descemet Membrane; Diterpenes; Female; Hernia; Humans; Infant; Keratoplasty, Penetrating; Retinyl Esters; Vitamin A; Xerophthalmia