retinol and Metabolic Syndrome

retinol has been researched along with Metabolic Syndrome in 38 studies

Research

Studies (38)

TimeframeStudies, this research(%)All Research%
pre-19900 (0.00)18.7374
1990's0 (0.00)18.2507
2000's8 (21.05)29.6817
2010's23 (60.53)24.3611
2020's7 (18.42)2.80

Authors

AuthorsStudies
Cao, Q; Fang, H; Guo, Q; He, L; Ju, L; Piao, W; Shi, J; Xu, X; Yu, D; Yuan, X; Zhao, L1
Atalyan, AV; Belenkaya, LV; Danusevich, IN; Darenskaya, MA; Kolesnikova, LI; Lazareva, LM; Nadelyaeva, YG1
Kang, J; Kim, T1
Gaszyńska, E; Godala, M; Krzyżak, M; Materek-Kuśmierkiewicz, I; Moczulski, D1
Fan, H; Geng, Q; Gong, Y; Hu, Y; Shan, L; Shen, W; Sun, P; Sun, Y; Zhang, T; Zhou, Y1
Beaudoin, C; Garcia, M; Holota, H; Martinot, E; Monrose, M; Thirouard, L; Volle, DH1
Casazzza, K; Ebrahimi, R; Majidi, N; Mehranfar, S; Mirzaei, K; Rasaei, N; Setayesh, L; Yarizadeh, H1
Gaszyńska, E; Godala, M; Kowalski, J; Materek-Kuśmierkiewicz, I; Moczulski, D; Rutkowski, M; Szatko, F; Tokarski, S2
Amiot, MJ; Goncalves, A1
Cho, YH; Joung, H; Jun, S; Kim, S; Lee, JE; Shin, S; Song, Y; Wie, GA1
Fedders, R; Heidenreich, S; Henze, A; Kast, N; Kedziora, S; Knauer, M; Muenzner, M; Raila, J; Schupp, M; Sommerfeld, M; Weber, P; Weger, S1
Arranz, B; Bogas, JL; Fuente-Tomás, L; García-Portilla, MP; Hernandez, C; Safont, G; San, L; Sanchez-Autet, M1
de Souza, FI; Ferreira, CA; Fonseca, FA; Melges, AP; Sarni, RO; Solé, D1
de Souza, FI; Fonseca, FL; Melges, AP; Sarni, RO; Teske, M1
Gaszyńska, E; Godala, M; Kowalski, J; Materek-Kuśmierkiewicz, I; Moczulski, D; Rutkowski, M; Szatko, F1
Ham, JO; Lee, BK; Park, S1
Phonrat, B; Satitvipawee, P; Suriyaprom, K; Tungtrongchitr, A; Tungtrongchitr, R1
Dakshinamurti, K1
Adams-Campbell, LL; Ard, J; Heo, M; Kabat, GC; LeBoff, MS; Mossavar-Rahmani, Y; Nassir, R; Ochs-Balcom, HM; Rohan, TE; Zaslavsky, O1
Cannataro, R; Caroleo, MC; Cione, E; Genchi, G; Perri, M; Pingitore, A1
Caballero, J; Campoy, C; Castellote, AI; Garagorri, JM; Guerendiain, M; López-Belmonte, G; López-Sabater, MC; Marcos, A; Martí, A; Martín-Bautista, E; Martín-Matillas, M; Martínez, JA; Mayneris-Perxachs, J; Montes, R; Moreno, L; Wärnberg, J1
Hammerling, U; Hoyos, B; Kim, YK; Leitges, M; Quadro, L; Shabrova, E; Vinogradov, V; Wassef, L1
Cao, J; Kang, Y; Li, T; Liu, Y; Peng, R; Qu, P; Wei, X; Xiao, X1
Hermsdorff, HH; Martínez, JA; Navarro, C; Puchau, B; Zulet, MA1
Christian, P; Khatry, SK; Leclerq, SC; Schulze, KJ; Stewart, CP; West, KP1
Château-Degat, ML; Cianflone, K; Dewailly, E; Julien, P; Smith, JD; Vohl, MC1
Brøns, C; Friedrichsen, M; Poulsen, P; Ribel-Madsen, R; Vaag, A1
Abrantes Peres, W; Cardoso de Matos, A; D'Almeida, CA; Gonçalves de Souza, G; Pereira, SE; Ramalho, A; Saboya, CJ; Villaça Chaves, G1
Atgié, C; Cansell, M; Sauvant, P1
Faintuch, J; Kovacs, C; Magnoni, D; Moreira, P; Saleh, MH; Soares, PA1
Fulgoni, VL; Nicklas, TA; O'Neil, CE; Rampersaud, GC1
Guo, H; Li, Y; Liu, M; Wu, M1
Brown, DW; Ford, ES; Giles, WH; Mokdad, AH1
Blüher, M; Graham, TE; Kahn, BB; Wason, CJ1
Desvergne, B1
Aeberli, I; Biebinger, R; L'allemand, D; Lehmann, R; Spinas, GA; Zimmermann, MB1
Biroli, G; Bo, S; Cassader, M; De Michieli, F; Durazzo, M; Gambino, R; Musso, G; Pagano, G; Premoli, A1

Reviews

4 review(s) available for retinol and Metabolic Syndrome

ArticleYear
Fat-soluble micronutrients and metabolic syndrome.
    Current opinion in clinical nutrition and metabolic care, 2017, Volume: 20, Issue:6

    Topics: Carotenoids; Diet, Mediterranean; Humans; Incidence; Inflammation; Metabolic Syndrome; Micronutrients; Patient Compliance; Prevalence; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Vitamin A; Vitamin D; Vitamin E

2017
Vitamins and their derivatives in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome diseases (diabetes).
    Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology, 2015, Volume: 93, Issue:5

    Topics: Animals; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Syndrome; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin A; Vitamin D; Vitamins

2015
Vitamin A and Diabesity: New Insight for Drug Discovery.
    Mini reviews in medicinal chemistry, 2016, Volume: 16, Issue:9

    Topics: Animals; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Drug Discovery; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma; Vitamin A

2016
Vitamin A and lipid metabolism: relationship between hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) and adipocytes.
    Journal of physiology and biochemistry, 2011, Volume: 67, Issue:3

    Topics: Adipocytes; Adipose Tissue, White; Animals; Fatty Liver; Hepatic Stellate Cells; Humans; Lipid Metabolism; Liver; Metabolic Syndrome; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Vitamin A

2011

Trials

4 trial(s) available for retinol and Metabolic Syndrome

ArticleYear
[Estimation of plasma vitamin A, C and E levels in patients with metabolic syndrome].
    Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego, 2014, Volume: 36, Issue:215

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Cholesterol, HDL; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Vitamin A; Vitamin E

2014
[Physical activity in patients with symptoms of metabolic syndrome reduces the concentration of plasma antioxidant vitamins - protective effect of vitamin C].
    Polski merkuriusz lekarski : organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego, 2015, Volume: 38, Issue:227

    Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Dietary Supplements; Exercise; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Vitamin A; Vitamin E

2015
Antenatal micronutrient supplementation reduces metabolic syndrome in 6- to 8-year-old children in rural Nepal.
    The Journal of nutrition, 2009, Volume: 139, Issue:8

    Topics: Adult; Albuminuria; Child; Dietary Supplements; Drug Combinations; Female; Folic Acid; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Iron; Kidney Diseases; Metabolic Syndrome; Nepal; Pregnancy; Prenatal Care; Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; Trace Elements; Treatment Outcome; Vitamin A; Vitamins; Zinc

2009
Retinol-binding protein 4 in young men with low versus normal birth weight: physiological response to short-term overfeeding.
    Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.), 2011, Volume: 19, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; Birth Weight; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol, LDL; Cross-Over Studies; Dietary Fats; Glucose; Humans; Infant Nutrition Disorders; Infant, Low Birth Weight; Infant, Newborn; Insulin Resistance; Liver; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Overnutrition; Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma; Thinness; Triglycerides; Vitamin A; Young Adult

2011

Other Studies

30 other study(ies) available for retinol and Metabolic Syndrome

ArticleYear
Prevalence and Correlates of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components in Chinese Children and Adolescents Aged 7-17: The China National Nutrition and Health Survey of Children and Lactating Mothers from 2016-2017.
    Nutrients, 2022, Aug-16, Volume: 14, Issue:16

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Body Mass Index; Child; China; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Hyperuricemia; Lactation; Metabolic Syndrome; Mothers; Obesity; Obesity, Abdominal; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Vitamin A; Vitamin D

2022
Oxidative Stress Reactions in Women of Reproductive Age with Metabolic Syndrome.
    Bulletin of experimental biology and medicine, 2023, Volume: 174, Issue:5

    Topics: Antioxidants; Female; Humans; Lipid Peroxidation; Metabolic Syndrome; Oxidative Stress; Vitamin A

2023
Association Between Serum Retinol and α-Tocopherol Levels and Metabolic Syndrome in Korean General Population: Analysis of Population-based Nationally Representative Data.
    Nutrients, 2020, Jun-05, Volume: 12, Issue:6

    Topics: Adult; alpha-Tocopherol; Asian People; Databases as Topic; Female; Health Surveys; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Nutrition Surveys; Prevalence; Republic of Korea; Risk; Vitamin A

2020
[An assessment of the antioxidant vitamins concentration in people with metabolic syndrome working in agriculture].
    Medycyna pracy, 2021, Apr-09, Volume: 72, Issue:2

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Agriculture; Ascorbic Acid; Cholesterol, HDL; Eating; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Poland; Vitamin A; Vitamin E

2021
Disrupted spermatogenesis in a metabolic syndrome model: the role of vitamin A metabolism in the gut-testis axis.
    Gut, 2022, Volume: 71, Issue:1

    Topics: Animals; Bile Acids and Salts; Disease Models, Animal; Dysbiosis; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Metabolome; Sheep; Spermatogenesis; Testis; Vitamin A

2022
Intestinal microbiota defines the GUT-TESTIS axis.
    Gut, 2022, Volume: 71, Issue:4

    Topics: Bile Acids and Salts; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Spermatogenesis; Testis; Vitamin A

2022
Nutrient patterns and their relation to obesity and metabolic syndrome in Iranian overweight and obese adult women.
    Eating and weight disorders : EWD, 2022, Volume: 27, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Iran; Metabolic Syndrome; Nutrients; Obesity; Overweight; Vitamin A; Vitamin K

2022
The risk of plasma vitamin A, C, E and D deficiency in patients with metabolic syndrome: A case-control study.
    Advances in clinical and experimental medicine : official organ Wroclaw Medical University, 2017, Volume: 26, Issue:4

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Ascorbic Acid; Ascorbic Acid Deficiency; Case-Control Studies; Cholesterol, HDL; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Reactive Oxygen Species; Risk; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency; Vitamin E; Vitamin E Deficiency

2017
Total Antioxidant Capacity from Dietary Supplement Decreases the Likelihood of Having Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Adults.
    Nutrients, 2017, Sep-22, Volume: 9, Issue:10

    Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Diet; Dietary Supplements; Female; Humans; Life Style; Logistic Models; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Nutrition Surveys; Nutritional Status; Odds Ratio; Prevalence; Protective Factors; Republic of Korea; Risk Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Time Factors; Vitamin A; Vitamin E; Vitamins; Young Adult

2017
Liver-secreted RBP4 does not impair glucose homeostasis in mice.
    The Journal of biological chemistry, 2018, 09-28, Volume: 293, Issue:39

    Topics: Adipose Tissue; Animals; Blood Glucose; Dependovirus; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Diet, High-Fat; Glucose Intolerance; Hepatocytes; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Liver; Metabolic Syndrome; Mice; Obesity; Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma; Vitamin A

2018
Are plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D and retinol levels and one-carbon metabolism related to metabolic syndrome in patients with a severe mental disorder?
    Psychiatry research, 2019, Volume: 273

    Topics: Adult; Biomarkers; Carbon; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Male; Mental Disorders; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Vitamin A; Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency

2019
Retinol, beta-carotene, oxidative stress, and metabolic syndrome components in obese asthmatic children.
    Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, 2014, Volume: 25, Issue:3

    Topics: Adolescent; Asthma; beta Carotene; Child; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Oxidative Stress; Vitamin A

2014
Plasma concentrations of retinol in obese children and adolescents: relationship to metabolic syndrome components.
    Revista paulista de pediatria : orgao oficial da Sociedade de Pediatria de Sao Paulo, 2014, Volume: 32, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Child; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Vitamin A

2014
Effects of total vitamin A, vitamin C, and fruit intake on risk for metabolic syndrome in Korean women and men.
    Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 2015, Volume: 31, Issue:1

    Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; Asian People; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Cholesterol, HDL; Cross-Sectional Studies; Fasting; Female; Fruit; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Male; Mental Recall; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Nutrition Surveys; Prevalence; Republic of Korea; Risk Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Triglycerides; Vegetables; Vitamin A; Waist Circumference; Young Adult

2015
Homocysteine but not serum amyloid A, vitamin A and E related to increased risk of metabolic syndrome in post-menopausal Thai women.
    International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 2014, Volume: 84, Issue:1-2

    Topics: Anthropometry; Body Mass Index; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Folic Acid; Folic Acid Deficiency; Homocysteine; Humans; Hyperhomocysteinemia; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Odds Ratio; Postmenopause; Risk Factors; Serum Amyloid A Protein; Thailand; Vitamin A; Vitamin E

2014
Longitudinal association of measures of adiposity with serum antioxidant concentrations in postmenopausal women.
    European journal of clinical nutrition, 2016, Volume: 70, Issue:1

    Topics: Adipose Tissue; Adiposity; Aged; Antioxidants; beta Carotene; Body Mass Index; Female; gamma-Tocopherol; Humans; Longitudinal Studies; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Nutritional Status; Obesity; Obesity, Abdominal; Postmenopause; Prospective Studies; Risk Factors; Smoking; Vitamin A; Waist Circumference; Waist-Hip Ratio

2016
Relation between plasma antioxidant vitamin levels, adiposity and cardio-metabolic profile in adolescents: Effects of a multidisciplinary obesity programme.
    Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland), 2017, Volume: 36, Issue:1

    Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; alpha-Tocopherol; Anthropometry; Antioxidants; Apolipoproteins; beta Carotene; Cardiovascular Diseases; Carotenoids; Child; Cholesterol; Cohort Studies; Diet; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Lycopene; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Nutrition Assessment; Overweight; Pediatric Obesity; Risk Factors; Triglycerides; Vitamin A; Vitamins

2017
Retinol as a cofactor for PKCδ-mediated impairment of insulin sensitivity in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity.
    FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology, 2016, Volume: 30, Issue:3

    Topics: Animals; Diet; Disease Models, Animal; Glucose; Homeostasis; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Mice; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Mitochondria; Obesity; Promoter Regions, Genetic; Protein Kinase C-delta; Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; Retinoids; Retinol-Binding Proteins; Signal Transduction; Vitamin A

2016
Serum vitamin A status is associated with obesity and the metabolic syndrome among school-age children in Chongqing, China.
    Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2016, Volume: 25, Issue:3

    Topics: Blood Glucose; Body Mass Index; Child; China; Cholesterol, HDL; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Pediatric Obesity; Risk Factors; Triglycerides; Urban Population; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Waist Circumference

2016
Vitamin A intake is inversely related with adiposity in healthy young adults.
    Journal of nutritional science and vitaminology, 2008, Volume: 54, Issue:5

    Topics: Adiposity; Adult; Antioxidants; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Size; Cholesterol; Diet; Energy Intake; Female; Food; Humans; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Oxidative Stress; Triglycerides; Vitamin A; Vitamins; Waist-Hip Ratio; Young Adult

2008
Acylation stimulating protein is higher in Inuit from Nunavik compared to a southern Quebec population.
    International journal of circumpolar health, 2009, Volume: 68, Issue:5

    Topics: Acylation; Adipokines; Adult; Aged; Body Weights and Measures; Complement C3; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Humans; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; Inuit; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Myocardial Ischemia; Quebec; Sex Factors; Vitamin A; White People

2009
Serum retinol and β-carotene levels and risk factors for cardiovascular disease in morbid obesity.
    International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition, 2010, Volume: 80, Issue:3

    Topics: Adult; Aged; Aging; beta Carotene; Body Mass Index; Brazil; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholesterol, LDL; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Obesity, Morbid; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Urban Health; Vitamin A; Vitamin A Deficiency; Young Adult

2010
Is intake of vitamin D and calcium important for cardiovascular health in elderly obese patients?
    Obesity surgery, 2012, Volume: 22, Issue:3

    Topics: Bone Density; Calcium Compounds; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cohort Studies; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Obesity; Prospective Studies; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vitamin A; Vitamin D

2012
100% orange juice consumption is associated with better diet quality, improved nutrient adequacy, decreased risk for obesity, and improved biomarkers of health in adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2003-2006.
    Nutrition journal, 2012, Dec-12, Volume: 11

    Topics: Adult; Ascorbic Acid; Beverages; Biomarkers; Body Mass Index; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cholesterol; Citrus sinensis; Diet; Edible Grain; Female; Folic Acid; Fruit; Humans; Magnesium; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Motor Activity; Nutrition Surveys; Nutritional Status; Obesity; Potassium, Dietary; Regression Analysis; Risk Factors; Socioeconomic Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Vitamin A

2012
Serum and dietary antioxidant status is associated with lower prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in a study in Shanghai, China.
    Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 2013, Volume: 22, Issue:1

    Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Blood Glucose; Blood Pressure; Body Mass Index; Carotenoids; Case-Control Studies; China; Cross-Sectional Studies; Dietary Carbohydrates; Energy Intake; Female; Glutathione Peroxidase; Humans; Linear Models; Logistic Models; Lycopene; Male; Malondialdehyde; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Multivariate Analysis; Nutrition Assessment; Nutritional Status; Oxidative Stress; Prevalence; Superoxide Dismutase; Vitamin A; Vitamin E; Waist Circumference; Young Adult; Zinc

2013
The metabolic syndrome and antioxidant concentrations: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
    Diabetes, 2003, Volume: 52, Issue:9

    Topics: Adult; Antioxidants; Ascorbic Acid; beta Carotene; Carotenoids; Esters; Female; Fruit; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Nutrition Assessment; Prevalence; Vegetables; Vitamin A; Vitamin E

2003
Shortcomings in methodology complicate measurements of serum retinol binding protein (RBP4) in insulin-resistant human subjects.
    Diabetologia, 2007, Volume: 50, Issue:4

    Topics: Blood Glucose; Blotting, Western; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Immunoassay; Insulin; Insulin Resistance; Metabolic Syndrome; Obesity; Reproducibility of Results; Retinol-Binding Proteins; Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma; Vitamin A

2007
Retinaldehyde: more than meets the eye.
    Nature medicine, 2007, Volume: 13, Issue:6

    Topics: Adipogenesis; Adipose Tissue; Animals; Cells, Cultured; Metabolic Syndrome; Mice; Mice, Obese; PPAR gamma; Retinaldehyde; Signal Transduction; Tretinoin; Vitamin A

2007
Serum retinol-binding protein 4 concentration and its ratio to serum retinol are associated with obesity and metabolic syndrome components in children.
    The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism, 2007, Volume: 92, Issue:11

    Topics: Adiposity; Adolescent; Anthropometry; Body Mass Index; Child; Diet; Female; Humans; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Nutritional Status; Obesity; Regression Analysis; Retinol-Binding Proteins, Plasma; Switzerland; Vitamin A

2007
Nitrosative stress predicts the presence and severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver at different stages of the development of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome: possible role of vitamin A intake.
    The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2007, Volume: 86, Issue:3

    Topics: Adipokines; Analysis of Variance; Biomarkers; Carrier Proteins; Case-Control Studies; Fatty Liver; Feeding Behavior; Female; Humans; Insulin Resistance; Liver; Male; Metabolic Syndrome; Middle Aged; Oxidative Stress; Polymorphism, Genetic; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Tyrosine; Vitamin A

2007